Перевод: со всех языков на английский

basic security

41 orden

f.

1 order (mandato).

¡a la orden!, ¡a sus órdenes! (military) (yes) sir!

dar órdenes to give orders

estar a la orden del día to be the order of the day

hasta nueva orden until further notice

por orden de by order of

orden de busca y captura warrant for search and arrest

orden de compra (commerce) purchase order

orden de desahucio o desalojo (law) eviction order

orden de pago (commerce) payment order

orden de registro (law) search warrant

2 order.

orden de caballería order of knighthood

orden militar military order

3 order. ( Latin American Spanish)

¿ya les tomaron la orden? have you ordered yet?

4 kind, class, order.

Un nuevo orden de dificultad A new kind of difficulty.

5 religious order, order.

6 writ.

7 command line.

m.

1 order.

en orden tidy, in its place; (bien colocado) in order (como debe ser)

en o por orden alfabético/cronológico in alphabetical/chronological order

llamar al orden a alguien to call somebody to order

poner en orden algo to tidy something up

por orden in order

sin orden ni concierto in a haphazard way

las fuerzas del orden the forces of law and order

orden del día agenda

el orden establecido the established order

orden público law and order

2 type, order (tipo).

problemas de orden económico economic problems

del orden de around, approximately, of o in the order of

en otro orden de cosas on the other hand

* * *

orden

► nombre masculino

1 (ordenación) order

■ es un amante del orden he loves order

■ clasificados por orden alfabético classified in alphabetical order

2 BIOLOGÍA order

3 ARQUITECTURA order

■ el orden jónico the Ionic order

4 field, sphere

■ cuestiones de orden internacional international matters

► nombre femenino

1 (mandato) order

■ ¡es una orden! that's an order!

■ ¡a la orden mi comandante! right away sir!

■ siempre está dando órdenes he's always ordering people about

2 RELIGIÓN order

■ la orden franciscana the Franciscan order

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

del orden de of the order of, US on the order of

de primer orden first-rate

estar algo a la orden del día to be the done thing

por orden de aparición in order of appearance

por orden de by order of

sin orden ni concierto any old how

el orden del día the agenda

la orden del día MILITAR the order of the day

las fuerzas del orden the security forces

orden de búsqueda y captura→ link=ordenorden de detención

orden de caballería order of knighthood

orden de detención arrest warrant

■ se ha dictado una orden de detención contra Juan Gómez an order has been issued for the arrest of Juan Gómez

orden de pago order of payment

orden de registro search warrant

orden judicial court order

orden público public order, the peace, law and order

■ una alteración del orden público a breach of the peace

* * *
1. noun m.
order

- orden del día
2. noun f.
order, command

- orden judicial

* * *

1. SM

1) [en colocación, sucesión]

a) [con objetos, personas] order

fueron archivados por orden alfabético — they were filed alphabetically o in alphabetical order

se fueron sentando por orden de llegada — they sat down in order of arrival

por orden de antigüedad — in order of seniority

por orden cronológico — in chronological order

por orden de importancia — in order of importance

• poner orden en algo — to sort sth out

el ministro supo poner orden en el departamento — the minister managed to sort out o put some order into the department

los policías trataban de poner orden en aquel caos de tráfico — the police attempted to sort out the traffic chaos

voy a poner orden en mi mesa — I'm going to tidy up my desk

b)

• en orden — in order

todo en orden, mi capitán — everything is in order, captain

en orden de combate — in battle order

• poner en orden — [+ papeles, documentos] to sort out

en unas cuantas horas consiguieron poner todas sus cosas en orden — in a few hours they managed to sort everything out

poner en orden las ideas — to sort out one's ideas

- poner la casa en orden

- sin orden ni concierto

orden del día — agenda

orden natural — natural order

orden sucesorio — order of succession

2) (tb: orden social) order

el orden establecido — the established order

las fuerzas del orden — the forces of law and order

• llamar al orden — to call to order

• mantener el orden — to keep order

• restablecer el orden — to restore o reestablish order

orden público — public order, law and order

fueron detenidos por alterar el orden público — they were arrested for breach of the peace o for disturbing the peace

3) (=tipo) nature

motivos de orden moral — moral reasons

• en otro orden de cosas... — at the same time..., meanwhile...

• de primer orden — [figura] leading; [factor] of prime importance, prime

una figura política de primer orden — a leading political figure

un pensador de primer orden — a first-rate thinker

un problema de primer orden — a major problem

• en todos los órdenes — on all fronts

4)

• del orden de — in the order of, in the region of

el coste sería del orden de diez millones de dólares — the cost would be in the order o region of ten million dollars

necesitamos del orden de 1.500 euros para comprarlo — we need approximately 1,500 euros to buy it

5)

• en orden a — (=con miras a) with a view to; (=en cuanto a) with regard to

• en orden a hacer algo — in order to do sth

6) (Arquit) order

orden corintio — Corinthian order

orden dórico — Doric order

orden jónico — Ionic order

7) (Bio) order

8) (Rel) (tb: orden sacerdotal) ordination

2. SF

1) (=mandato) order

¡es una orden! — (and) that's an order!

tenemos órdenes de no dejar pasar a nadie — we are under orders not to let anybody through

• dar una orden a algn — to give sb an order, order sb

dar (la) orden de hacer algo — to give the order to do sth

• hasta nueva orden — until further notice

• por orden de — by order of

fue encarcelado por orden del juez — he was imprisoned by order of the judge

estar a la orden del día —

los robos están a la orden del día en esta zona — robberies have become the norm in this area

en los setenta llevar coleta estaba a la orden del día — in the seventies ponytails were the in thing

orden de allanamiento — LAm search warrant

orden de arresto, orden de búsqueda y captura — arrest warrant

orden de citación Méx —

orden de comparación — Méx summons, subpoena (EEUU)

orden de desalojo — eviction order

orden de detención — arrest warrant

orden del día — (Mil) order of the day

orden de registro — search warrant

orden judicial — court order

orden ministerial — ministerial order, ministerial decree

2)

• a la orden —

a) (Mil) yes, sir!

b) LAm [en tienda] what can I get you?; (=no hay de qué) you're welcome, don't mention it!

estoy a la orden para lo que necesites — if there is anything you need, just ask

c)

• a las órdenes de algn — (Mil) at sb's command; [en la policía] under sb's instructions o orders; [en otros trabajos] under sb

el personal que estará a las órdenes del nuevo director — the staff who will be working under the new director

¡a sus órdenes! — (Mil) yes sir; esp LAm at your service

3) (Mil, Hist, Rel) (=institución) order

la Orden de Calatrava — the Order of Calatrava

la Orden de San Benito — the Benedictine Order

orden de caballería — order of knighthood

orden militar — military order

orden monástica — monastic order

orden religiosa — religious order

4) pl órdenes (Rel) orders

órdenes mayores — major orders

órdenes menores — minor orders

órdenes sagradas — holy orders

5) (Com, Econ) order; Méx (=pedido) order

• cheques a la orden de Suárez — cheques (to be made) payable to Suárez

orden bancaria — banker's order

orden de compra — purchase order

orden de pago — money order

6) Méx (=ración) dish

* * *
I
femenino

1) ( mandato) order

acatar una orden — to obey an order

deja de darme órdenes — stop ordering me about

por orden del Sr Alcalde — by order of His Honour (AmE) o (BrE) Worship the Mayor

hasta nueva orden — until further notice

estamos a la orden para lo que necesite — (AmL) just let us know if there's anything we can do for you

a sus órdenes! — yes, sir!

a la orden! — (Mil) yes, sir!; ( fórmula de cortesía) (Andes, Méx, Ven) you're welcome, not at all

- orden de arresto or de busca y captura

- orden de desalojo

- orden del día

- orden de registro or de cateo

- orden judicial/ministerial

2) (Fin) order

orden bancaria — banker's order

orden de pago — order to pay

- orden permanente de pago

3) (Hist, Mil, Relig) order

- órdenes sagradas

4) (AmL) (Com) ( pedido) order
II
masculino

1)

a) (indicando colocación, jerarquía) order

en or por orden alfabético — in alphabetical order

por orden de estatura — according to height

por orden cronológico — in chronological order

por orden de antigüedad — in order of seniority

vayamos por orden — let's begin at the beginning

una necesidad de primer orden — a basic necessity

b) (armonía, concierto) order

pon un poco de orden en la habitación — straighten your room up a little (AmE), tidy your room up a bit (BrE)

poner en orden — to put in order

tengo que poner mis ideas en orden — I have to straighten (AmE) o (BrE) sort my ideas out

llamar a alguien al orden — to call somebody to order

sin orden ni concierto — without rhyme or reason

c) ( disciplina) order

mantener el orden en la clase — to keep order in the classroom

orden en la sala! — order in the court!

la policía restableció el orden — the police reestablished order

d) (de curas/monjas order; ( fraternidad) order

- orden de batalla

- orden del día

- orden natural

- orden público

- orden sacerdotal

2)

a) (frml) (carácter, índole) nature

problemas de orden económico — problems of an economic nature

b) ( cantidad)

del orden de — (frml) on the order of (AmE), in o of the order of (BrE)

c) (period) ( ámbito)

en el orden internacional — on the international front

en este orden de cosas — in this respect

en otro orden de cosas ¿qué opina de...? — moving on to something else, what do you think about...?

3)

a) (Arquit) order

b) (Biol, Zool) order

* * *
I
femenino

1) ( mandato) order

acatar una orden — to obey an order

deja de darme órdenes — stop ordering me about

por orden del Sr Alcalde — by order of His Honour (AmE) o (BrE) Worship the Mayor

hasta nueva orden — until further notice

estamos a la orden para lo que necesite — (AmL) just let us know if there's anything we can do for you

a sus órdenes! — yes, sir!

a la orden! — (Mil) yes, sir!; ( fórmula de cortesía) (Andes, Méx, Ven) you're welcome, not at all

- orden de arresto or de busca y captura

- orden de desalojo

- orden del día

- orden de registro or de cateo

- orden judicial/ministerial

2) (Fin) order

orden bancaria — banker's order

orden de pago — order to pay

- orden permanente de pago

3) (Hist, Mil, Relig) order

- órdenes sagradas

4) (AmL) (Com) ( pedido) order
II
masculino

1)

a) (indicando colocación, jerarquía) order

en or por orden alfabético — in alphabetical order

por orden de estatura — according to height

por orden cronológico — in chronological order

por orden de antigüedad — in order of seniority

vayamos por orden — let's begin at the beginning

una necesidad de primer orden — a basic necessity

b) (armonía, concierto) order

pon un poco de orden en la habitación — straighten your room up a little (AmE), tidy your room up a bit (BrE)

poner en orden — to put in order

tengo que poner mis ideas en orden — I have to straighten (AmE) o (BrE) sort my ideas out

llamar a alguien al orden — to call somebody to order

sin orden ni concierto — without rhyme or reason

c) ( disciplina) order

mantener el orden en la clase — to keep order in the classroom

orden en la sala! — order in the court!

la policía restableció el orden — the police reestablished order

d) (de curas/monjas order; ( fraternidad) order

- orden de batalla

- orden del día

- orden natural

- orden público

- orden sacerdotal

2)

a) (frml) (carácter, índole) nature

problemas de orden económico — problems of an economic nature

b) ( cantidad)

del orden de — (frml) on the order of (AmE), in o of the order of (BrE)

c) (period) ( ámbito)

en el orden internacional — on the international front

en este orden de cosas — in this respect

en otro orden de cosas ¿qué opina de...? — moving on to something else, what do you think about...?

3)

a) (Arquit) order

b) (Biol, Zool) order

* * *

orden¹

¹ = command, commandment, directive, instruction, injunction, command function, edict.

Ex: The first half of the command looks for words hit by 'FIB?' immediately followed by a word hit by 'OPTIC?'.

Ex: The commandment KOLN see COLOGNE should be sufficient cause for the rejection of the illicit proposal to establish OPERA -- KOLN.

Ex: This directive is not an instruction and does not prevent adherence to the citation order.

Ex: A command language is the language with which the search proceeds; the commands are instructions that the searcher can issue to the computer.

Ex: Familiar injunctions such as 'Enter under...' seem to have been lost.

Ex: The command function 'BASE' is used to identify the data base to be searched.

Ex: A French edict of 1571 set the maximum price of Latin textbooks in large type at 3 deniers a sheet.

* acatar + Posesivo + órdenes = march to + Posesivo + orders.

* búsqueda por medio de órdenes = command search.

* cadena de órdenes = command chain.

* dar una orden = issue + command, issue + instruction.

* de consulta mediante órdenes = command-based.

* dictar órdenes = hand down + decisions.

* ejecutar una orden = execute + command, execute + instruction.

* encadenamiento de órdenes = command chaining.

* estar a la orden del día = be the order of the day.

* interfaz de consulta mediante órdenes = command-based interface.

* intérprete de órdenes = command interpreter.

* lenguaje de órdenes = command language.

* llevar a cabo una orden = execute + command.

* modalidad por órdenes = command mode.

* orden bancaria = standing order, direct debit, direct billing.

* orden de ampliar la búsqueda a los términos relacionados = explode command.

* orden de arresto = warrant for + Posesivo + arrest, arrest warrant.

* orden de comparecencia = subpoena, summons, judicial summons.

* orden de compra = purchase order.

* orden de desalojo = eviction order.

* orden de deshaucio = eviction order.

* orden de detención = arrest warrant, warrant for + Posesivo + arrest.

* orden de funcionamiento del disco = disc operating command.

* orden de mostrar los términos relacionados = expand command.

* orden de pedido = order.

* órdenes = command line operation.

* orden judicial = warrant, court order, writ.

* orden judicial de alejamiento = protection order.

* orden judicial de distanciamiento = restraining order.

* orden permanente de pago = standing account.

* orden por comportamiento antisocial = ASBO (Antisocial Behaviour Order).

* por orden de = mandated.

* por orden del congreso = congressionally mandated.

* que funciona a base de órdenes = command-driven.

orden²

² = array, order, sequence, ranking, tidiness.

Ex: A microopaque is a sheet of opaque material bearing a number of microimages in a two-dimensional array.

Ex: A catalogue is a list of the materials or items in a library, with the entries representing the items arranged in some systematic order.

Ex: A classified catalogue is a catalogue with three or four separate sequences: an author/title catalogue or index (or separate author and title catalogues), a classified subject catalogue, and a subject index to the classified catalogue.

Ex: Those documents with sufficiently high rankings will be deemed relevant and eventually retrieved.

Ex: The physical qualities that make a difference as to whether people visit woodlands or not include directional signs, good information boards and tidiness of appearance.

* agente del orden = law enforcement officer, law-enforcement official, law enforcer.

* alteración del orden = breach of the peace.

* alteración del orden público = disorderly conduct, public order offence, breach of the peace.

* alterar el orden público = breach + the peace, disturb + the peace.

* clasificar en orden de importancia = rank + in order of importance.

* del orden de = by the order of + Expresión Numérica.

* de orden inferior = lower-order.

* de orden superior = higher-order.

* de primer orden = world-class, blue chip [blue-chip], first-order [1st-order].

* de segundo orden = minor, second-order [2nd-order].

* de tercer orden = tertiary.

* en circuitos de segundo orden = in the provinces.

* en cualquier orden = either way round.

* en el mismo orden que = in sync with.

* en el orden del día = on the agenda.

* en orden de importancia = in rank order, in order.

* en orden jerárquico = in ranked order.

* en otro orden de cosas = on another topic, as for, as regards, meanwhile, on another matter, on another note, on other matters.

* falto de orden = unordered.

* fuerzas del orden = police force.

* fuerzas del orden público = police force.

* imponer orden = impose + order, bring + order.

* imponer orden en donde hay caos = bring + order out of chaos.

* mantener Algo en orden = keep + Nombre + in order.

* mantener el orden = keep + order, police.

* mantener el orden público = maintain + public order.

* Norma Británica 1749: Recomendaciones para la ordenación alfabética y el ord = BS (British Standard) 1749: Recommendations for alphabetical arrangement and the filing order of numerals and symbols.

* número de orden = rank number.

* orden alfabético = alphabetical order, alphabetic order.

* orden alfanumérico = alphanumeric order.

* ordenar por orden de importancia = rank + in order.

* orden ascendente = ascending order, ascending sequence.

* orden cronológico = chronological order.

* orden de cita = citation order, combination order.

* orden de coautoría = co-authorship order.

* orden de combinación de encabezamientos = citation order.

* orden decreciente de importancia = decreasing order of importance.

* orden de firma = co-authorship order.

* orden de importancia = pecking order, significance order.

* orden de importancia de los conceptos = significance order of terms.

* orden del día = agenda.

* orden de precedencia = order of precedence.

* orden de preferencia = order of preference.

* orden de prioridad = order of preference, priority order, pecking order, order of precedence.

* orden de registro = search warrant.

* orden descendente = descending order, descending sequence.

* orden de sucesión = order of succession.

* orden directo = direct order.

* orden geográfico = geographical order.

* orden integrado = integrated sequence.

* orden inverso = reverse order.

* orden inverso de palabras = indirect word order.

* orden mundial = world order.

* orden numérico = numerical order, numeric order.

* orden preferido = preferred order.

* orden público = public order.

* orden secuencial = sequential order.

* orden semiintegrado = semi-integrated sequence.

* orden separado = separate sequence.

* orden sistemático = classified order, systematic order.

* orden social = social order.

* orden topográfico = shelf order.

* organizar según un orden específico = organise in + Adjetivo + order.

* pensamiento de orden superior = higher-order thinking.

* poner en orden = tidy up, put in + order, clear up.

* poner orden = bring + order, tidying (up), create + order, clear out, clear up.

* poner orden en el caos = create + order out of chaos.

* por orden numérico = in numerical order.

* punto del orden del día = agenda item.

* ser del orden de + Número = be of the order of + Número.

* sin orden = unordered.

* sin orden ni concierto = higgledy-piggledy, without rhyme or reason.

* turbar el orden público = disturb + the peace, breach + the peace.

orden³

³ = order.

Ex: The taxonomic subclass of acari (mites and ticks) comprises tens of thousands of species, grouped in many families and several orders.

* ingresar en una orden religiosa = join + religious order.

* orden de caballería = knighthood.

* orden de los Agustinos = Augustinian order.

* orden de los franciscanos, la = Franciscan order, the.

* orden de los Jesuitas = Jesuit order.

* orden monástica = monastic order.

* orden religiosa = religious order.

* * *

orden¹

feminine

A

1 (mandato) order; ( Mil) order

recibieron órdenes de desalojar el local they received orders to clear the premises

acatar una orden to obey an order

está siempre dando órdenes he's always giving orders

deja de darme órdenes stop ordering me about

por orden del Sr Alcalde se hace saber que … by order of His Worship the Mayor it is announced that …

hasta nueva orden until further notice

quedo a sus órdenes para … ( Corresp) ( frml); I am at your service for … ( frml)

el coche/la casa está a sus órdenes the car/house is at your disposal

por aquí estamos a la orden para cualquier cosa que necesite ( AmL); just let us know if there's anything we can do for you o we can do to help

¡a sus órdenes! yes, sir!

2

¡a la orden! ( Mil) yes, sir!; (fórmula de cortesía) (Andes, Méx, Ven) you're welcome, not at all, it's a pleasure

Compuestos:

● orden de alejamiento

restraining order,protective order ( AmE)

● orden de arraigo

( AmL) injunction ( restricting the right to freedom of movement)

● orden de arresto

arrest warrant

● orden de busca y captura or de búsqueda y captura

arrest warrant

● orden de cateo

(Chi, Méx) search warrant

● orden de desalojo

notice to quit

● orden de detención

arrest warrant

● orden del día

( Mil) order of the day

estar a la orden del día to be the order of the day

los atracos están a la orden del día muggings are the order of the day (at the moment)

estos ordenadores están a la orden del día these computers are all the rage ( colloq)

ver tb orden² (↑ orden (2))

● orden de viaje

travel warrant

● orden judicial

court order

● orden ministerial

ministerial order o decree

B ( Fin) order

orden bancaria banker's order

orden de pago order to pay

páguese a la orden de … pay to the order of …

Compuesto:

orden permanente de pago

standing order

C (institución)

1 ( Hist, Mil) order

orden militar military order

orden de caballería order of knighthood

la Orden de Calatrava/Santiago the Order of Calatrava/Santiago

2 ( Relig) order

una orden religiosa a religious order

D ( Hist, Mil) (condecoración) order

E ( Relig) (grado) order

Compuestos:

● órdenes menores/mayores

fpl minor/major orders (pl)

● órdenes sagradas

fpl holy orders (pl)

F ( AmL) ( Com) (pedido) order

orden²

masculine

A

1 (indicando colocación, jerarquía) order

las fichas están en or por orden alfabético the cards are in alphabetical order

el orden de las palabras the order of the words

pónganse por orden de estatura line up according to height

reparto por orden de aparición cast in order of appearance

por orden cronológico in chronological order

por orden de antigüedad in order of seniority

vayamos por orden let's begin at the beginning

una necesidad de primer orden a basic necessity

2 (armonía, concierto) order

pon un poco de orden en la habitación straighten your room up a little ( AmE), tidy your room up a bit ( BrE)

puso orden en las cuentas she sorted the accounts out, she got the accounts straight

puso las páginas en orden she sorted out the pages, she put the pages in order

tengo que poner mis ideas en orden I have to sort my ideas out

no tenía los papeles en orden his documents weren't in order

¿falta algo? — no, está todo en orden is anything missing? — no, everything is in order

el nuevo orden mundial the new world order

llamar a algn al orden to call sb to order

sin orden ni concierto without rhyme or reason

3 (disciplina) order

para mantener el orden en la clase to keep order in the classroom

¡orden en la sala! order in court!

la policía restableció el orden the police reestablished order

Compuestos:

● orden de batalla

battle formation

● orden del día

agenda

el primer tema del orden del día the first item on the agenda

● orden natural

natural order

el orden natural de las cosas the natural order of things

● orden público

public order

mantener el orden público to keep the peace

lo detuvieron por alterar el orden público he was arrested for causing a breach of the peace

● orden sacerdotal or sagrado

ordination

B

1 ( frml) (carácter, índole) nature

problemas de orden económico problems of an economic nature

2

(cantidad): del orden de ( frml); on the order of ( AmE), in o of the order of ( BrE)

ingresos del orden de los 150.000 dólares receipts on o in o of the order of 150,000 dollars

3 ( period)

(ámbito): en el orden internacional on the international front

en este orden de cosas in this respect

en otro orden de cosas meanwhile

4

en orden a ( frml); with a view to

C

1 ( Arquit) order

orden dórico/jónico/corintio Doric/Ionic/Corinthian order

2 ( Biol, Zool) order

* * *

orden 1 sustantivo femenino
1 ( mandato) order;
◊ deja de darme órdenes stop ordering me about;

hasta nueva orden until further notice;
estamos a la orden para lo que necesite (AmL) just let us know if there's anything we can do for you;
¡a la orden! (Mil) yes, sir!;

( fórmula de cortesía) (Andes, Méx, Ven) you're welcome, not at all;
orden de arresto or de busca y captura arrest warrant;
orden de registro or (Chi, Méx) de cateo search warrant;
◊ orden judicial court order

2 (Fin) order;
◊ orden bancaria banker's order

3 (Hist, Mil, Relig) order
4 (AmL) ( pedido) order
orden 2 sustantivo masculino
1 ( en general) order;
en or por orden alfabético in alphabetical order;
◊ por orden de estatura according to height;

vayamos por orden let's begin at the beginning;
poner algo en orden ‹habitación/armario/juguetes› to straight sth (up) (esp AmE), to tidy sth up (esp BrE);

‹asuntos/papeles› to sort sth up;
‹ fichas› to put sth in order;
◊ mantener el orden en la clase to keep order in the classroom;

orden del día agenda;
orden público public order;
alterar el orden público to cause a breach of the peace
2
a) (frml) (carácter, índole) nature;

◊ problemas de orden económico problems of an economic nature

b) ( cantidad):

◊ del orden de (frml) on the order of (AmE), in o of the order of (BrE)

orden
I sustantivo masculino
1 (colocación, disciplina) order: hace falta un poco de orden, we need a bit of order here
orden del día, agenda
2 Arquit & Biol order
3 (tipo) nature: es un problema de orden moral, it's a moral issue
II sustantivo femenino
1 (mandato) order: no obedecimos sus órdenes, we failed to obey his orders
Jur warrant, order
orden de arresto, arrest warrant
2 Rel Mil order
la orden de los benedictinos, the Benedictine order
♦ Locuciones: Mil ¡a la orden/a sus órdenes!, yes, sir!
estar a la orden del día, to be common
llamar al orden, to call sb to order
poner en orden, to put in order: tengo que poner en orden mis ideas, I have to organize my ideas
del orden de, approximately: en el cine había del orden de mil personas, there were about one thousand people at the movies
sin orden ni concierto, without rhyme or reason
' orden' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
alteración
- atenerse
- auto
- bastante
- consigna
- desorden
- desordenar
- desordenada
- desordenado
- después
- disposición
- ejecutar
- excarcelar
- incumplir
- incumplimiento
- inversa
- inverso
- invertir
- librar
- mandamiento
- mandato
- marear
- mendicante
- perturbar
- primera
- primero
- recoger
- replicar
- respetar
- restablecer
- restablecimiento
- revolucionar
- transmitir
- trastocar
- acatar
- allanamiento
- alterar
- alzar
- anterior
- antes
- anular
- ausencia
- cumplir
- disturbio
- ejecución
- fuerza
- invertido
- lanzamiento
- llamada
- luego
English:
after
- agenda
- alphabetically
- antisocial
- arrange
- before
- bottom
- breach
- collect
- command
- comply
- court order
- disorder
- disturb
- enforce
- execute
- execution
- first
- gather
- in
- item
- keep
- next
- numerical
- obey
- order
- order of the day
- place
- prioritize
- reverse
- right
- sequence
- shall
- shipshape
- should
- sort out
- standing order
- straight
- system
- third
- thousandth
- tidiness
- to
- warrant
- writ
- alphabetical
- bark
- descend
- disorderly
- drunk

* * *

orden¹ nm

1. [secuencia, colocación correcta] order;

un orden jerárquico a hierarchy;

le gusta el orden y la limpieza she likes order and cleanliness;
Mat
el orden de los factores no altera el producto the order of the factors does not affect the product;

en orden [bien colocado] tidy, in its place;
[como debe ser] in order;
poner en orden algo, poner orden en algo [cosas, habitación] to tidy sth up;

tengo que poner mis ideas/mi vida en orden I have to put my ideas/life in order, I have to sort out my ideas/life;

en o [m5]por orden alfabético/cronológico in alphabetical/chronological order;

por orden in order;

por orden de antigüedad/de tamaños in order of seniority/size;
Cine & Teatro
por orden de aparición in order of appearance;

Comp

sin orden ni concierto haphazardly

Comp
orden del día agenda
2. [normalidad, disciplina] order;

acatar el orden establecido to respect the established order;

llamar al orden a alguien to call sb to order;

el orden natural de las cosas the natural order of things;

mantener/restablecer el orden to keep/restore order;

¡orden en la sala! order! order!

Comp
el orden público law and order
3. [tipo] order, type;

dilemas de orden filosófico philosophical dilemmas;

problemas de orden financiero economic problems;

es una universidad de primer(ísimo) orden it's a first-rate university;

del orden de around, approximately, of o in the order of;

en otro orden de cosas on the other hand

Comp
orden de magnitud order of magnitude
4. Biol order

5. Arquit order

Comp
orden corintio Corinthian order;
orden dórico Doric order;

orden jónico Ionic order

6. Rel el orden sacerdotal [sacramento] holy orders

orden² nf

1. [mandato] order;

¡es una orden! that's an order!;
Mil
¡a la orden!, ¡a sus órdenes! (yes) sir!;
Am
estoy a las/sus órdenes I am at your service;
Am
si no me queda bien, ¿la puedo cambiar? – cómo no, a sus o [m5] las órdenes if it's not right, can I change it? – of course you can, we're at your disposal;
Am
mi auto/casa está a la orden my car/house is at your disposal;

cumplir órdenes to obey orders;

dar órdenes (a alguien) to give (sb) orders;

a mí nadie me da órdenes I don't take orders from anyone;

hasta nueva orden until further notice;

por orden de by order of;

el local fue cerrado por orden del ayuntamiento the premises were closed by order of o on the orders of the town council;

obedecer órdenes to obey orders;

recibimos órdenes del jefe we received orders from the boss;

sólo recibo órdenes de mis superiores I only take orders from my superiors;

tener órdenes de hacer algo to have orders to do sth

Comp
Der orden de arresto arrest warrant; Der orden de busca y captura warrant for search and arrest; Der orden de comparecencia summons;
orden de desahucio eviction order;

orden de desalojo eviction order;
Der orden de detención arrest warrant; Der orden de detención europea European arrest warrant;
la orden del día Mil the order of the day;
Am [de reunión] the agenda;
Comp

estar a la orden del día [muy habitual] to be the order of the day;

orden de embargo order for seizure;
Der orden judicial court order; CSur Der orden de lanzamiento eviction order; Der orden de registro search warrant
2. Com order

Comp
orden de compra purchase order; Bolsa buy order; Bolsa orden al mercado market order;
orden de pago payment order;
Bolsa orden de venta sell order
3. [institución] order

Comp
orden de caballería order of knighthood;
orden mendicante mendicant order;

orden militar military order;

orden monástica monastic order

4. Rel órdenes sagradas holy orders

5. Am [pedido] order;

¿ya les tomaron la orden? have you ordered yet?;

¿tiene la orden del médico? have you got the form from your doctor?

* * *

orden

1 m

1 order;

por orden alfabético in alphabetical order;

por orden de altura in order of height;

poner en orden tidy up, straighten up;

sin orden ni concierto without rhyme or reason

2 ( clase)

:

de todo orden of all kinds o types;

de primer orden top-ranking, leading

3

:

llamar al orden call to order

4 ARQUI order

orden

2 f ( mandamiento) order;

por orden de by order of, on the orders of;

hasta nueva orden until further notice;

¡a la orden! yes, sir

* * *

orden nm, pl órdenes

1) : order

todo está en orden: everything's in order

por orden cronológico: in chronological order

2)

orden del día : agenda (at a meeting)

3)

orden público : law and order

orden nf, pl órdenes

1) : order

una orden religiosa: a religious order

una orden de tacos: an order of tacos

2)

orden de compra : purchase order

3)

estar a la orden del día : to be the order of the day, to be prevalent

* * *

orden n

1. (en general) order

en orden alfabético in alphabetical order

el sargento dio la orden the sergeant gave the order

2. (clase, tipo) nature

el problema es de orden económico it's an economic problem

¡a la orden! yes, sir!

estar a la orden del día to be the done thing

poner en orden to tidy

sin orden ni concierto any old how

orden de registro search warrant

orden del día agenda

orden público law and order / the peace

Spanish-English dictionary > orden
42 service

service [sεʀvis]

━━━━━━━━━

1. masculine noun

2. compounds

━━━━━━━━━

1. <

   a. service

• avoir 25 ans de service to have completed 25 years' service

• après 10 ans de bons et loyaux services after 10 years' loyal service

• un service d'autocars dessert ces localités there is a coach service to these districts

• assurer le service entre to provide a service between

• offrir ses services à qn to offer sb one's services

• nous serons obligés de nous passer de vos services we will have to let you go

► au service de

• être au service de to be in the service of ; [+ cause] to serve

• nos conseillers sont à votre service our advisers are at your service

• prendre qn à son service to take sb into one's service► en service [installation, usine] in service

• entrer en service to come into service

• la mise en service des nouveaux autobus est prévue pour juin the new buses are due to be put into service in June► hors service [appareil] out of order attrib ; [personne] (inf) shattered (inf)

   b. ( = travail) duty

• service de jour day duty

• service de nuit night duty

• il est très service service (inf) he's a stickler for the regulations

• qui est de service cette nuit ? who's on duty tonight?

• être en service commandé to be acting under orders

• prendre son service to come on duty

• quitter son service to go off duty

• les biens et les services goods and services

• la part des services dans l'économie the role of service industries in the economy

• le service militaire military service

• le service national national service

• le service civil non-military national service

• faire son service to do one's national service

   c. ( = département) department ; ( = administration) service

• les services de santé/postaux health/postal services

• les services de police the police

• les services sociaux the social services

• service hospitalier hospital service

• service de réanimation intensive care unit

• les services généraux (dans une entreprise) the maintenance department

• service informatique computer department

   d. ( = faveur, aide) service

• rendre service à qn ( = aider qn) to do sb a service ; ( = s'avérer utile) to be of use to sb

• il aime rendre service he likes to be helpful

• rendre un petit service à qn to do sb a favour

• rendre un mauvais service à qn to do sb a disservice

   e. (à table, au restaurant) service ; ( = pourboire) service charge

• Marc fera le service Marc will serve

• passe-moi les amuse-gueules, je vais faire le service hand me the appetizers, I'll pass them round

• ils ont oublié de compter le service they have forgotten to include the service on the bill

• service compris service included

• service non compris service not included

• deuxième service ( = série de repas) second sitting

   f. ( = assortiment) set

• service de table ( = linge) set of table linen ; ( = vaisselle) set of tableware

• service à café coffee set

• service à thé tea set

• service à poisson ( = vaisselle) set of fish plates ; ( = couverts) fish service

• service à fondue fondue set

   g. (Sport) serve

• Sampras au service Sampras to serve

• prendre le service de qn to break sb's serve

• il a un excellent service he has an excellent serve

• service canon bullet-like serve

• service-volée serve and volley

2. <

► service après-vente after-sales service

► service en ligne (Computing) on-line service

► service minimum skeleton service

► service d'ordre ( = policiers) police contingent ; ( = manifestants) stewards

• pour assurer le service d'ordre to maintain order ► service de presse press relations department

► service public public service

• les services publics the public utilities

• une télévision de service public a public television company ► les services secrets the secret service

► service de sécurité (d'un pays) security service

• le service de sécurité de l'aéroport airport security ► les services spéciaux the secret services

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

SERVICE MILITAIRE

Until 1997, French men over the age of 18 who were passed as fit, and who were not in full-time higher education, were required to do ten months' service militaire. Conscientious objectors were required to do two years' community service.

Since 1997, military service has been suspended in France. However, all sixteen-year-olds, both male and female, are required to register for a compulsory one-day training course, the « journée défense et citoyenneté », which covers basic information on the principles and organization of defence in France, and also advises on career opportunities in the military and in the voluntary sector. Young people must attend the training day before their eighteenth birthday.

* * *
sɛʀvis
1.

nom masculin

1) (action serviable, faveur)

je peux te demander un service? — ( action serviable) can I ask you to do something for me?; ( faveur) can I ask you a favour [BrE]?

elle m'a rendu de nombreux services — she's been very helpful

il est toujours prêt à rendre service — he is always ready to help

2) ( liaison) service

service de bus — bus service

3) ( fonctionnement)

être en service — [ascenseur] ( en train de fonctionner) to be working; ( en état de fonctionner) to be in working order; [autoroute] to be open; [ligne de métro, de bus] to be running

être hors service — [ascenseur] to be out of order

entrer en service — [ligne de métro, autoroute] to be opened, to come into service

mettre en service — to bring [something] into service [appareil, véhicule]; to open [gare, autoroute, ligne de bus]

4) ( aide)

rendre service à quelqu'un — [machine, appareil] to be a help to somebody; [route, passage, magasin] to be convenient (for somebody)

ça peut toujours rendre service — it might come in handy

5) ( action de servir) service

être au service de son pays — to serve one's country

je suis à leur service — ( employé) I work for them; ( dévoué) I'm at their disposal

‘à votre service!’ — ( je vous en prie) ‘don't mention it!’, ‘not at all!’

‘que puis-je faire or qu'y a-t-il pour votre service?’ — ‘may I help you?’

6) ( à table) service

12% pour le service — 12% service charge

faire le service — ( servir les plats) to serve; ( desservir) to act as waiter

manger au premier service — to go to the first sitting

7) ( des gens de maison) (domestic) service

entrer au service de quelqu'un — to go to work for somebody

prendre quelqu'un à son service — to take somebody on, to engage somebody

escalier de service — backstairs (pl), service stairs (pl)

8) ( obligations professionnelles) service

avoir 20 ans de service dans une entreprise — to have been with a firm 20 years

être de or en service — to be on duty

assurer le service de quelqu'un — to cover for somebody

son service se termine à — he/she comes off duty at

être en service commandé — [policier] to be acting under orders

état de service(s) — record of service, service record

le service de nuit — night duty

pharmacie de service — duty chemist

être l'idiot de service — to be the house clown

9) ( section administrative) department

service des urgences — casualty department GB, emergency room US

service de réanimation — intensive care unit

les services secrets — the secret service (sg)

les services d'espionnage or de renseignements — the intelligence services

service de dépannage — breakdown service

les services du Premier Ministre se refusent à tout commentaire — the Prime Minister's office has refused to comment

chef de service — ( dans une administration) section head; ( dans un hôpital) senior consultant

10) Armée

service (militaire) — military ou national service

service national — national service

service civil — non-military national service

partir au service — (colloq) to go off to do one's military service

service en temps de paix — peace time service

être bon pour le service — lit to be passed fit for military service; fig hum to be passed fit

reprendre du service — to re-enlist, to sign up again

11) ( vaisselle) set

un service à thé — a tea set

service de table — dinner service

12) Religion service

13) Sport service, serve

être au service — to serve ou be serving

2.

services nom masculin pluriel services

se passer des services de quelqu'un — to dispense with somebody's services

Phrasal Verbs:

- service après-vente

- service minimum

- service d'ordre

- service de presse

* * *
sɛʀvis
1. nm

1) (= aide, faveur) favour Grande-Bretagne favor USA

Est-ce que je peux te demander un service? — Can I ask you a favour?

rendre service à qn — to do sb a favour

Il aime rendre service. — He likes to help.

2) (= travail)

pendant le service — on duty

heures de service — hours of duty

être de service — to be on duty

avoir 25 ans de service — to have completed 25 years' service

en service commandé — on an official assignment

reprendre du service — to get back into action

faire le service (à table) — to serve

Tu peux faire le service s'il te plaît? — Could you serve please?

3) (= fonctionnement)

être en service [machine] — to be in service, to be in operation

mettre en service — to put into service, to put into operation

hors service — not in use, (= en panne) out of order

4) (= bureau) department, section

5) (= pourboire) service charge

Le service est compris. — Service is included.

service compris — service included

service non compris — service not included

6) (= repas)

premier/deuxième service — first/second sitting

7) (= vaisselle) set, service

8) TENNIS serve, service

Il a un bon service. — He's got a good serve.

2. services nmpl

ÉCONOMIE services

* * *

service

A nm

1 (action serviable, faveur) je peux te demander un service? ( action serviable) can I ask you to do something for me?; ( faveur) can I ask you a favour^GB?; pourrais-tu me rendre un petit service? could you do something for me?; tu m'as rendu service (en faisant cela) that was a great help; elle m'a rendu de nombreux services she's been very helpful; il est toujours prêt à rendre service he is always ready to help; rendre un mauvais service à qn to do sb a disservice; ce n'est pas un service à leur rendre or ce n'est pas leur rendre service que de faire leurs devoirs you are not helping them by doing their homework for them;

2 ( liaison) service; service de bus bus service; le service d'été/d'hiver/de nuit the summer/winter/night service; le service n'est pas assuré le dimanche there's no service on Sundays; service réduit or partiel reduced service;

3 ( fonctionnement) être en service [ascenseur] ( en train de fonctionner) to be working; ( en état de fonctionner) to be in working order; être en service [autoroute] to be open; [ligne de métro, de bus] to be running; [aérogare] to be open, to be in operation; ne pas être en service [ligne de métro] to be closed; être hors service [ascenseur] to be out of order; entrer en service [ligne de métro, aérogare, autoroute] to be opened, to come into service; mettre en service to bring [sth] into service [appareil, véhicule]; to open [gare, aérogare, autoroute, ligne de bus]; remettre en service to bring [sth] back into service [appareil]; to reopen [gare, autoroute] ; la mise or l'entrée en service de la ligne de bus the start of the new bus service; depuis la mise or l'entrée en service de cette route since the opening of this road;

4 ( aide) rendre service à qn [machine, appareil] to be a help to sb; [route, passage, magasin] to be convenient (for sb); ça peut toujours rendre service it might come in handy;

5 ( action de servir) gén service; être au service de son pays to serve one's country; ‘décoré pour service rendu’ ‘decorated for service to his/her country’; je suis à leur service ( employé) I work for them; ( dévoué) I'm at their disposal; travailler au service de la paix to work for peace; mettre son énergie/argent au service d'une cause to devote all one's energy/money to a cause; ‘à votre service!’ ( je vous en prie) ‘don't mention it!’, ‘not at all!’; ‘que puis- je faire or qu'y a-t-il pour votre service?’ ‘may I help you?’; ‘(nous sommes) à votre service madame’ ‘always pleased to be of assistance’;

6 ( à table) service; le service est rapide ici the service here is quick; 30 euros service compris/non compris 30 euros service included/not included; le service n'est pas compris service is not included; 12% pour le service 12% service charge; faire le service ( servir les plats) to serve; ( desservir) to act as waiter; manger au premier service to go to the first sitting;

7 ( des gens de maison) (domestic) service; être en service chez qn, être au service de qn to be in sb's service; entrer au service de qn to go to work for sb; prendre qn à son service to take sb on, to engage sb; avoir plusieurs personnes à son service to have several people working for one; escalier de service back stairs (pl), service stairs (pl); entrée de service tradesmen's entrance GB, service entrance;

8 ( obligations professionnelles) service; avoir 20 ans de service dans une entreprise to have been with a firm 20 years; être de or en service to be on duty; l'infirmière de service the duty nurse, the nurse on duty; prendre son service à to come on duty at; elle n'avait pas assuré son service ce jour-là she hadn't come on duty that day; assurer le service de qn to cover for sb; il ne fume pas pendant les heures de service he doesn't smoke on duty; son service se termine à he comes off duty at; être en service commandé [policier] to be on an official assignment, to be acting under orders; état de service(s) record of service, service record; le service de nuit night duty; pharmacie de service duty chemist; être de service de garde ( dans un hôpital) to be on duty; ( médecin généraliste) to be on call; service en temps de paix Mil peace-time service; être or jouer l'idiot de service to be the house clown;

9 ( section administrative) department; service administratif/culturel/du personnel administrative/cultural/personnel department; le service de psychiatrie/de cardiologie the psychiatric/cardiology department; le service des urgences the casualty department GB ou emergency room US; les blessés furent conduits au service des urgences the injured were taken to casualty GB ou to ER US; service de réanimation intensive care unit; les services de sécurité the security services; les services secrets the secret service; les services d'espionnage or de renseignements the intelligence services; service de dépannage breakdown service; service d'entretien ( département de l'entreprise) maintenance department; ( personnel) maintenance staff; les services du Premier Ministre se refusent à tout commentaire the Prime Minister's office has refused to comment; chef de service ( dans une administration) section head; ( dans un hôpital) senior consultant;

10 Mil ( obligations militaires) service (militaire) military ou national service; service national national service; faire son service (militaire) to do one's military service; service actif active service; service civil non-military national service; partir au service○ to go off to do one's military service; être bon pour le service lit to be passed fit for military service; fig hum to be passed fit; reprendre du service to re-enlist ou sign up again; quitter le service to be discharged, to leave the forces;

11 ( vaisselle) set; un service à thé a tea set; un service à café a coffee set; service à dessert or gâteau dessert set; service de table dinner service;

12 Relig service; service religieux church service;

13 Sport service, serve; être au service to serve ou be serving; Valérie au service Valérie to serve; changement de service change of service; faute de service fault.

B services nmpl services; les biens et les services goods and services; avoir recours aux services de qn to call on sb's services; se passer or priver des services de qn to dispense with sb's services; services en ligne Ordinat online services.

Composés

service après-vente, SAV ( département) after-sales service department; ( activité) after-sales service; service minimum reduced service; service d'ordre stewards (pl); service de presse (de ministère, parti, d'entreprise) press office; ( de maison d'édition) press and publicity department; ( livre) review copy; service public public service; Service du travail obligatoire, STO compulsory labour^GB organization set up in 1943 during the German occupation of France; services sociaux Prot Soc social services.

[sɛrvis] nom masculin

1. [travail] duty, shift

mon service commence à 18 h I go on duty ou I start my shift ou I start work at 6 p.m

l'alcool est interdit pendant le service drinking is forbidden while on duty

il n'a pu assurer son service he wasn't able to go to work

être de service: qui est de service ce soir? who's on duty tonight?

il n'est pas de service he's off-duty

elle a 22 ans de service dans l'entreprise she's been with the company for 22 years

finir son service to come off duty

prendre son service to go on ou to report for duty

reprendre du service to be employed for a supplementary period

mon vieux manteau a repris du service (familier & humoristique) my old coat has been saved from the bin

[pour la collectivité] service, serving

le service de l'État public service, the service of the state

ses états de service his service record

2. [pour un client, un maître] service

prendre quelqu'un à son service to take somebody into service

elle a deux ans de service comme femme de chambre she's been in service for two years as a chambermaid

à votre service at your service

elle a passé sa vie au service des autres she spent her life helping others

il a mis son savoir-faire au service de la société he put his expertise at the disposal of the company

je ne suis pas à ton service! I'm not your slave!

qu'y a-t-il pour votre service? what can I do for you?

service compris ‘service included’

service non compris ‘service not included’

prends ces cacahuètes et fais le service take these peanuts and hand them round

après dix ans de bons et loyaux services after ten years of good and faithful service

3. [série de repas] sitting

nous irons au premier/deuxième service we'll go to the first/second sitting

4. [département - d'une entreprise, d'un hôpital] department

service clientèle customer services

service du contentieux

a. [département] legal department

b. [personnes] legal experts

les services commerciaux the sales department ou division

service du personnel personnel department ou division

service de presse

a. [département] press office

b. [personnes] press officers, press office staff

service des urgences casualty (department) (UK), emergency room (US) ; [ - ADMINISTRATION]

service postal postal service

5. [aide] favour

rendre un service à quelqu'un [suj: personne] to do somebody a favour, to help somebody out

elle n'aime pas rendre service she's not very helpful

tu m'as bien rendu service you were a great help to me

rendre un mauvais service à quelqu'un to do somebody a disservice

lui faire tous ses devoirs, c'est un mauvais service à lui rendre! it won't do her any good if you do all her homework for her!

ton dictionnaire m'a bien rendu service your dictionary was of great use to me

ça peut encore/toujours rendre service it can still/it'll always come in handy

6. [assortiment - de linge, de vaisselle] set

acheter un service de 6 couverts en argent to buy a 6-place canteen of silver cutlery

7. TRANSPORTS service

service d'été/d'hiver summer/winter timetable

service non assuré le dimanche no service on Sundays, no Sunday service

8. MILITAIRE

service militaire ou national military/national service

service actif active service

service civil non-military national service

bon pour le service fit for military duties

allez, bon/bons pour le service! (figuré & humoristique) it'll/they'll do!

en service commandé on an official assignment

le service de santé the (army) medical corps

le service des transmissions signals

9. SPORT service, serve

Pichot au service!, service Pichot! Pichot to serve!

prendre le service de quelqu'un to break somebody's serve ou service

10. ÉLECTRICITÉ duty

11. FINANCE servicing

assurer le service de la dette to service the debt

12. RELIGION

service (divin) service

service funèbre funeral service

————————

services nom masculin pluriel

1. ÉCONOMIE services, service industries, tertiary sector

biens et services goods and services

2. [collaboration] services

se passer des services de quelqu'un

a. to do without somebody's help

b. (euphémisme) [le licencier] to dispense with somebody's services

offrir ses services à quelqu'un to offer one's services to somebody, to offer to help somebody out

3. POLITIQUE

services secrets ou spéciaux secret service

4. (Suisse) [couverts] knives and forks (for laying at table)

————————

en service locution adjectivale

in service, in use

————————

en service locution adverbiale

mettre un appareil en service to put a machine into service

cet hélicoptère/cette presse entrera en service en mai this helicopter will be put into service/this press will come on stream in May

service après-vente nom masculin

1. [prestation] after-sales service

2. [département] after-sales department

[personnes] after-sales staff

service d'ordre nom masculin

1. [système] policing

assurer le service d'ordre dans un périmètre to police a perimeter

mettre en place un service d'ordre dans un quartier to establish a strong police presence in an area

2. [gendarmes] police (contingent)

[syndiqués, manifestants] stewards

————————

service public nom masculin

public service ou utility

service public de l'audiovisuel the publicly-owned channels (on French television)

la poste est un service public postal services are state-controlled

SERVICE MILITAIRE ou NATIONAL

Until 1996, all French men aged 18 and over were required to do ten months national service unless declared unfit. The system has been phased out and replaced by an obligatory journée d'appel de préparation à la défense, one day spent learning about the army and army career opportunities. The JAPD is obligatory for men and for women. The object of this reform is to professionalize the army.

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > service

43 дополнительная защита

supplementary protection

additional protection

add-on security

дополнительная защита
Мера защиты, выполняемая дополнительно к основной защите и (или) защите при повреждении.
Примечание - Дополнительная защита, как правило, применяется в особых условиях внешних воздействий или помещениях, в результате чего при определенных обстоятельствах, например невнимательности при использовании электроэнергии, фатальные последствия могут быть исключены или уменьшены
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]

дополнительная защита
add-on security
Дополнительные программно-аппаратные средства обеспечения безопасности, которые вводятся в систему в дополнение к основным средствам защиты.
[Л.М. Невдяев. Телекоммуникационные технологии. Англо-русский толковый словарь-справочник. Под редакцией Ю.М. Горностаева. Москва, 2002]

EN

additional protection
protective measure in addition to basic and/or fault protection
NOTE – Additional protection is generally used in case of special external influences or locations by which under certain circumstances, e.g. careless use of electric energy, a fatal situation maybe avoided or eased.
[IEV number 826-12-07]

FR

protection complémentaire, f
mesure de protection en complément de la protection principale et/ou de le protection en cas de défaut
NOTE – Une protection complémentaire est en général utilisée dans des cas de conditions d’influence externe ou d'emplacement spéciaux, pour que dans certaines circonstances, telles que l’utilisation imprudente de l’électricité, une situation dangereuse soit évitée ou atténuée
[IEV number 826-12-07]

Тематики

электробезопасность
электросвязь, основные понятия
электроустановки

EN

add-on security
additional protection
supplementary protection

DE

zusätzlicher Schutz, m

FR

protection complémentaire, f

Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > дополнительная защита

44 основные принципы обеспечения национальной безопасности

Military: basic national security policy, national security doctrine

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > основные принципы обеспечения национальной безопасности

45 Verletzung

Verletzung f 1. RECHT violation, breach infringement (Urheberrecht); 2. PAT infringement, violation; 3. PERS injury, harm (Körper) • in Verletzung von GEN in violation of
* * *

f 1. < Recht> violation, breach Urheberrecht infringement; 2. < Patent> infringement, violation; 3. < Person> Körper injury, harm ■ in Verletzung von < Geschäft> in violation of
--------
: von allen anderen Einwirkungen unabhängige Verletzung

< Versich> Krankenversicherung injury independent of all other means

* * *
Verletzung
injury, wound, hurt, violence, (Beschädigung) damage, (Überschreitung) infraction, (Vertrag) violation, transgression, breach;
• unter Verletzung von in contravention of;
• einklagbare Verletzung private injury;
• geringfügige Verletzungen minor injuries;
• offenkundige Verletzung public infringement;
• schadenersatzerhöhende Verletzungen aggravation of the disability;
• schwere Verletzung serious injury;
• tödliche Verletzung fatal injury;
• unfallbedingte Verletzung sudden or violent injury;
• Verletzung der Amtspflicht official misconduct, malfeasance, malversation;
• Verletzung der vorvertraglichen Anzeigepflicht (Versicherung) non-disclosure;
• Verletzung des Berufsgeheimnisses breach of professional secrecy;
• Verletzung der Bestimmungen des Kartellgesetzes Antitrust Act Violation (US);
• Verletzung der Börsenvorschriften trading violations;
• Verletzung der Datensicherheit (Internet) infringement of data security;
• Verletzung der Garantiehaftung break of warranty;
• Verletzung eines Gebrauchsmusters infringement of registered design (Br.);
• Verletzung der Geheimhaltungspflicht breach of confidence;
• Verletzung eines Gesetzes infraction (breach) of a law;
• [anhaltende] Verletzung der bürgerlichen Grundrechte [persistent] violation of basic rights (the rights of a citizen);
• Verletzung des gemeinschaftlichen Grundrechts auf gleiches Entgelt infringement of the basic Community right to equal pay;
• Verletzung der Intimsphäre invasion of s. one’s privacy, violation of privacy;
• Verletzung des Luftraums violation of airspace;
• Verletzung eines Patents infringement of a patent right;
• Verletzung von Pflichten (Europäischer Gerichtshof) non-compliance with obligations;
• Verletzung der zugesicherten Qualitätsgarantie quality-assurance violation;
• Verletzung von jds. Rechten encroachment on s. one’s rights;
• Verletzung der Sorgfaltspflicht lack of care;
• Verletzung der gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Sorgfaltspflicht negligence in law, statutory negligence (US);
• Verletzung der Treuepflicht breach of trust;
• Verletzung des Umweltrechts violation of environmental laws;
• Verletzung durch einen Unfall accidental injury, injury caused by accident;
• vorsätzliche Verletzung der Unterhaltspflicht wilful neglect to provide reasonable maintenance (Br.), nonsupport (US);
• Verletzung des Urheberrechts infringement of copyright;
• Verletzung einer Verkehrsvorschrift moving (Br.) (traffic, US) violation;
• Verletzung eines Vertrages infringement (violation, breaking) of a contract;
• Verletzung der Vertragsautonomie impairment of contracts;
• Verletzung der Vorfahrt violation of the right of way;
• Verletzung von Warenzeichenrechten infringement of trademarks;
• Verletzung einer vertraglichen Zusicherung breach of warranty;
• Verletzung eines Vertrages feststellen to set up the breach.

Business german-english dictionary > Verletzung

46 alimento básico

m.

basic food, staff of life, staple food, staple.

* * *

(n.) = food staple, staple food

Ex. Although rice is the main food staple for over half of the world's population, rapid population growth is threatening food security.

Ex. Staple foods including bread, chips and crisps, may contain high levels of a substance believed to cause cancer, a study suggests.

* * *

(n.) = food staple, staple food

Ex: Although rice is the main food staple for over half of the world's population, rapid population growth is threatening food security.

Ex: Staple foods including bread, chips and crisps, may contain high levels of a substance believed to cause cancer, a study suggests.

Spanish-English dictionary > alimento básico

47 mejorar

v.

to improve, to get better.

María mejoró la receta Mary improved the recipe.

Ricardo mejoró Richard got better.

Las perspectivas mejoraron The outlook got better.

mejorar una oferta to make a better offer

* * *

mejorar

► verbo transitivo

1 to improve

► verbo intransitivo

1 to improve, get better

► verbo pronominal mejorarse

1 to get better

■ ¡que te mejores! I hope you get better

* * *

verb

1) to improve

2) make better

* * *

1. VT

1) [+ servicio, resultados] to improve; [+ enfermo] to make better; (=realzar) to enhance; [+ oferta] to raise, improve; [+ récord] to break; (Inform) to upgrade

- mejorando lo presente

2)

mejorar a algn — (=ser mejor que) to be better than sb

2. VI

1) [situación] to improve, get better; (Meteo) to improve, clear up; (Econ) to improve, pick up; [enfermo] to get better

han mejorado de actitud/imagen — their attitude/image has improved

los negocios mejoran — business is picking up

está mejorado de sus dolores — the pain has gone away

2) [en subasta] to raise one's bid

3.

See:

mejorarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) <condiciones/situación> to improve

este tratamiento te mejorará enseguida — this treatment will make you better right away

intentó mejorar su marca — she tried to improve on o beat her own record

b) < oferta> ( en subastas) to increase

los empresarios mejoraron la propuesta — the management improved their offer o made a better offer
2.
mejorar vi tiempo to improve, get better; resultados/calidad/situación to improve, get better; persona (Med) to get better

ha mejorado de aspecto — he looks a lot better

han mejorado de posición — they've come o gone up in the world
3.
mejorarse v pron

a) enfermo to get better

¿ya te mejoraste de la gripe? — have you got over the flu?

que te mejores — get well soon, I hope you get better soon

b) (Chi fam & euf) ( dar a luz) to give birth

* * *

= ameliorate, boost, cultivate, enhance, improve, optimise [optimize, -USA], scale up, score over, upgrade, give + improvement (in), better, bring + Nombre + up to par, get + better, gain + confidence (with/in), do + a better job, pump up, ease, outdo, jazz up, take + a turn, take + a turn, take + a turn for the better, turn + Nombre + (a)round, polish up, best, trump, buff up, go + one better, move it up + a gear, notch it up + a gear, take it up + a gear, take it up + a notch, crank it up + a notch, crank it up + a gear, move it up + a notch, look up.

Ex. These articles are compared with 34 articles on how similar blood changes might ameliorate Raynaud's disease.

Ex. If the title is selected by a book club this helps boost the print-run and overall sales.

Ex. Such familiarity can be cultivated with experience, and will consider the following features of data bases.

Ex. An introduction explaining the nature and scope of the indexing language will enhance its value.

Ex. Notice that it would be possible to improve recall indefinitely by scanning the entire document collection.

Ex. The DOBIS/Leuven data bases is designed to optimize search and updating procedures, because these functions are critical to the operation of a library.

Ex. After a brief discussion of basic hypertext operations, it considers some of the issues that arise in 'scaling up' hyptertext data base.

Ex. A Permuterm index scores over a Double-KWIC index in that it avoids repetitive printing of one title.

Ex. Sometimes it will be necessary to upgrade CIP records once the book is published, and this process is undertaken by BLBSD as appropriate.

Ex. There was, it appeared, little point in spending more than four minutes indexing a particular document, for the additional time gave no improvement in results.

Ex. She thumbed the pages slowly, explaining that the study had been conducted to try to ascertain student attitudes toward the media center, why they used it, which facilities they used, and to see if they had suggestions for bettering it.

Ex. The article ' Bringing your golf collection up to par' gives guidelines on selecting library materials on golf.

Ex. Systems will get better and cheaper with the passage of time.

Ex. This assignment was designed to help students gain confidence in using print and computerized sources.

Ex. At the same time librarians need to do a better job communicating information about available research and instructional support.

Ex. The article ' Pump up the program...' identifies the costs and benefits of undertaking a software upgrade.

Ex. To ease the cataloguer's job and save him the trouble of counting characters, DOBIS/LIBIS uses a special function.

Ex. This novel is narrated by William, an underachiever who is constantly outdone by his charming and lovable identical twin brother.

Ex. After jazzing up her appearance with a new blonde hairdo, she turns up in his office and talks him into taking her out for a meal.

Ex. All went well, and with the addition of two new people, computer science took a turn.

Ex. All went well, and with the addition of two new people, computer science took a turn.

Ex. His private life, however, took a turn for the better.

Ex. When he was younger he really turned the library around, from a backwater, two-bit operation to the respected institution it is today.

Ex. If we polish up and internalize these pearls of wisdom, especially those which challenge our existing boundaries and beliefs, the payoff can be priceless.

Ex. Back in 2001, the tossed salad they prepared fed some 5,000, which then bested the record held by a community in Utah in the United States.

Ex. If prejudice is allowed to trump the rights that all citizens should enjoy, then everyone's freedoms are ultimately endangered.

Ex. As a general rule, you can ' buff up' your look by making your shoulders seem wider and your waist narrower.

Ex. I think Murray will go one better than Wimbledon, but will lose to Federer again in the final.

Ex. Liverpool and Chelsea are grabbing all the headlines, but Arsenal have quietly moved it up a gear scoring 10 goals in their last three league games.

Ex. Start gently, ease yourself in by breaking the workout down into three one minute sessions until you are ready to notch it up a gear and join them together.

Ex. There was not much to separate the sides in the first ten minutes however Arsenal took it up a gear and got the goal but not without a bit of luck.

Ex. We have a good time together and we're good friends.. but I'd like to take it up a notch.

Ex. David quickly comprehended our project needs and then cranked it up a notch with impactful design.

Ex. Went for a bike ride with a mate last week, no problems so will crank it up a gear and tackle some hills in the next few weeks.

Ex. After a regular walking routine is established, why not move it up a notch and start jogging, if you haven't already.

Ex. Things may be looking up for Blair, but it is still not certain that he will fight the election.

----

* cosas + mejorar = things + get better.

* empezar a mejorar = turn + a corner, take + a turn, take + a turn for the better.

* información que permite mejorar la situación social de Alguien = empowering information.

* mejorar con respecto a = be an improvement on.

* mejorar considerablemente = raise to + greater heights, take + Nombre + to greater heights.

* mejorar el pasado = improve on + the past.

* mejorar la autoestima = improve + self-esteem.

* mejorar la calidad = raise + standard, raise + quality.

* mejorar la calidad de vida = improve + living standards, raise + living standards.

* mejorar la eficacia = enhance + effectiveness.

* mejorar la exhaustividad = improve + recall.

* mejorar la pertinencia = improve + precision.

* mejorar la precisión = improve + precision.

* mejorar la productividad = improve + productivity.

* mejorar las destrezas = sharpen + Posesivo + skills.

* mejorar la situación = improve + the lot.

* mejorar las probabilidades = shorten + the odds.

* mejorar la suerte = improve + the lot.

* mejorar + Posesivo + apariencia = smarten (up) + Posesivo + appearance.

* mejorar + Posesivo + autoestima = enhance + Posesivo + self-esteem.

* mejorar + Posesivo + calidad de vida = raise + Posesivo + quality of living.

* mejorar + Posesivo + imagen = raise + Posesivo + profile, smarten up + Posesivo + image, enhance + Posesivo + image, buff up + Posesivo + image.

* mejorar + Posesivo + imagen = enhance + Posesivo + identity.

* mejorar + Posesivo + suerte = improve + Posesivo + lot.

* mejorar + Posesivo + vida = improve + Posesivo + life.

* mejorar una situación = ameliorate + situation.

* que mejora la calidad de vida = life-enhancing.

* situación + mejorar = situation + ease.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) <condiciones/situación> to improve

este tratamiento te mejorará enseguida — this treatment will make you better right away

intentó mejorar su marca — she tried to improve on o beat her own record

b) < oferta> ( en subastas) to increase

los empresarios mejoraron la propuesta — the management improved their offer o made a better offer
2.
mejorar vi tiempo to improve, get better; resultados/calidad/situación to improve, get better; persona (Med) to get better

ha mejorado de aspecto — he looks a lot better

han mejorado de posición — they've come o gone up in the world
3.
mejorarse v pron

a) enfermo to get better

¿ya te mejoraste de la gripe? — have you got over the flu?

que te mejores — get well soon, I hope you get better soon

b) (Chi fam & euf) ( dar a luz) to give birth

* * *

= ameliorate, boost, cultivate, enhance, improve, optimise [optimize, -USA], scale up, score over, upgrade, give + improvement (in), better, bring + Nombre + up to par, get + better, gain + confidence (with/in), do + a better job, pump up, ease, outdo, jazz up, take + a turn, take + a turn, take + a turn for the better, turn + Nombre + (a)round, polish up, best, trump, buff up, go + one better, move it up + a gear, notch it up + a gear, take it up + a gear, take it up + a notch, crank it up + a notch, crank it up + a gear, move it up + a notch, look up.

Ex: These articles are compared with 34 articles on how similar blood changes might ameliorate Raynaud's disease.

Ex: If the title is selected by a book club this helps boost the print-run and overall sales.

Ex: Such familiarity can be cultivated with experience, and will consider the following features of data bases.

Ex: An introduction explaining the nature and scope of the indexing language will enhance its value.

Ex: Notice that it would be possible to improve recall indefinitely by scanning the entire document collection.

Ex: The DOBIS/Leuven data bases is designed to optimize search and updating procedures, because these functions are critical to the operation of a library.

Ex: After a brief discussion of basic hypertext operations, it considers some of the issues that arise in 'scaling up' hyptertext data base.

Ex: A Permuterm index scores over a Double-KWIC index in that it avoids repetitive printing of one title.

Ex: Sometimes it will be necessary to upgrade CIP records once the book is published, and this process is undertaken by BLBSD as appropriate.

Ex: There was, it appeared, little point in spending more than four minutes indexing a particular document, for the additional time gave no improvement in results.

Ex: She thumbed the pages slowly, explaining that the study had been conducted to try to ascertain student attitudes toward the media center, why they used it, which facilities they used, and to see if they had suggestions for bettering it.

Ex: The article ' Bringing your golf collection up to par' gives guidelines on selecting library materials on golf.

Ex: Systems will get better and cheaper with the passage of time.

Ex: This assignment was designed to help students gain confidence in using print and computerized sources.

Ex: At the same time librarians need to do a better job communicating information about available research and instructional support.

Ex: The article ' Pump up the program...' identifies the costs and benefits of undertaking a software upgrade.

Ex: To ease the cataloguer's job and save him the trouble of counting characters, DOBIS/LIBIS uses a special function.

Ex: This novel is narrated by William, an underachiever who is constantly outdone by his charming and lovable identical twin brother.

Ex: After jazzing up her appearance with a new blonde hairdo, she turns up in his office and talks him into taking her out for a meal.

Ex: All went well, and with the addition of two new people, computer science took a turn.

Ex: All went well, and with the addition of two new people, computer science took a turn.

Ex: His private life, however, took a turn for the better.

Ex: When he was younger he really turned the library around, from a backwater, two-bit operation to the respected institution it is today.

Ex: If we polish up and internalize these pearls of wisdom, especially those which challenge our existing boundaries and beliefs, the payoff can be priceless.

Ex: Back in 2001, the tossed salad they prepared fed some 5,000, which then bested the record held by a community in Utah in the United States.

Ex: If prejudice is allowed to trump the rights that all citizens should enjoy, then everyone's freedoms are ultimately endangered.

Ex: As a general rule, you can ' buff up' your look by making your shoulders seem wider and your waist narrower.

Ex: I think Murray will go one better than Wimbledon, but will lose to Federer again in the final.

Ex: Liverpool and Chelsea are grabbing all the headlines, but Arsenal have quietly moved it up a gear scoring 10 goals in their last three league games.

Ex: Start gently, ease yourself in by breaking the workout down into three one minute sessions until you are ready to notch it up a gear and join them together.

Ex: There was not much to separate the sides in the first ten minutes however Arsenal took it up a gear and got the goal but not without a bit of luck.

Ex: We have a good time together and we're good friends.. but I'd like to take it up a notch.

Ex: David quickly comprehended our project needs and then cranked it up a notch with impactful design.

Ex: Went for a bike ride with a mate last week, no problems so will crank it up a gear and tackle some hills in the next few weeks.

Ex: After a regular walking routine is established, why not move it up a notch and start jogging, if you haven't already.

Ex: Things may be looking up for Blair, but it is still not certain that he will fight the election.

* cosas + mejorar = things + get better.

* empezar a mejorar = turn + a corner, take + a turn, take + a turn for the better.

* información que permite mejorar la situación social de Alguien = empowering information.

* mejorar con respecto a = be an improvement on.

* mejorar considerablemente = raise to + greater heights, take + Nombre + to greater heights.

* mejorar el pasado = improve on + the past.

* mejorar la autoestima = improve + self-esteem.

* mejorar la calidad = raise + standard, raise + quality.

* mejorar la calidad de vida = improve + living standards, raise + living standards.

* mejorar la eficacia = enhance + effectiveness.

* mejorar la exhaustividad = improve + recall.

* mejorar la pertinencia = improve + precision.

* mejorar la precisión = improve + precision.

* mejorar la productividad = improve + productivity.

* mejorar las destrezas = sharpen + Posesivo + skills.

* mejorar la situación = improve + the lot.

* mejorar las probabilidades = shorten + the odds.

* mejorar la suerte = improve + the lot.

* mejorar + Posesivo + apariencia = smarten (up) + Posesivo + appearance.

* mejorar + Posesivo + autoestima = enhance + Posesivo + self-esteem.

* mejorar + Posesivo + calidad de vida = raise + Posesivo + quality of living.

* mejorar + Posesivo + imagen = raise + Posesivo + profile, smarten up + Posesivo + image, enhance + Posesivo + image, buff up + Posesivo + image.

* mejorar + Posesivo + imagen = enhance + Posesivo + identity.

* mejorar + Posesivo + suerte = improve + Posesivo + lot.

* mejorar + Posesivo + vida = improve + Posesivo + life.

* mejorar una situación = ameliorate + situation.

* que mejora la calidad de vida = life-enhancing.

* situación + mejorar = situation + ease.

* * *

mejorar [A1 ]

vt

1 ‹condiciones/situación› to improve

este tratamiento te mejorará enseguida this treatment will make you better right away

tienes que mejorar las notas/la letra you must improve your grades/your handwriting

intentó mejorar su marca she tried to improve on o beat her own record

2 ‹oferta› (en subastas) to increase

los empresarios mejoraron la propuesta the management improved their offer o made a better offer

■ mejorar

vi

«tiempo» to improve, get better; «resultados/calidad» to improve, get better; «persona» ( Med) to get better

mi situación económica no ha mejorado nada my financial situation hasn't improved at all o got any better

ha mejorado de aspecto he looks a lot better

tus notas no han mejorado mucho your grades haven't improved much o got(ten) any better

han mejorado de posición they've come o gone up in the world

el paciente sigue mejorando the patient is making a steady improvement

■ mejorarse

v pron

1 «enfermo» to get better

¿ya te mejoraste de la gripe? have you got over the flu?

que te mejores get well soon, I hope you get better soon

2 ( Chi fam euf) (dar a luz) to give birth

* * *

mejorar ( conjugate mejorar) verbo transitivo ‹condiciones/situación/oferta› to improve;
‹ marca› to improve on, beat;
◊ el tratamiento la mejoró the treatment made her a lot better

verbo intransitivo [tiempo/calidad/situación] to improve, get better;

[ persona] (Med) to get better;
◊ ha mejorado de aspecto he looks a lot better

mejorarse verbo pronominal [ enfermo] to get better;
que te mejores get well soon, I hope you get better soon
mejorar
I verbo transitivo
1 to improve: han mejorado la educación, education has been improved
2 Dep (un tiempo, una marca) to break
II verbo intransitivo to improve, get better: espero que el tiempo mejore, I hope the weather gets better
su salud no mejora, his health is not improving

' mejorar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
enriquecer
- ganar
- perfeccionar
- potenciar
- refacción
- superar
English:
ameliorate
- better
- existence
- get along
- improve
- improve on
- improvement
- look up
- pick up
- progress
- raise
- security
- technique
- turn
- upgrade
- brighten
- enhance
- go
- look
- matter
- out
- perk
- pick
- rise
- room
- smarten up
- up

* * *

mejorar

♦ vt

1. [hacer mejor] to improve;

mejoraron las condiciones de trabajo working conditions were improved;

su principal objetivo es mejorar la economía their main aim is to improve the economy's performance

2. [enfermo] to make better;

estas pastillas lo mejorarán these tablets will make him better

3. [superar] to improve;

mejorar una oferta to make a better offer;

mejoró el recórd mundial she beat the world record

♦ vi

1. [ponerse mejor] to improve, to get better;

el paciente está mejorando the patient's condition is improving, the patient is getting better;

necesita mejorar en matemáticas he needs to improve o do better in mathematics

2. [tiempo, clima] to improve, to get better;

tan pronto como mejore, salimos a dar un paseo as soon as the weather improves o gets better we'll go out for a walk;

después de la lluvia el día mejoró after the rain it cleared up

♦ See also the pronominal verb mejorarse

* * *

mejorar

I v/t improve

II v/i improve

* * *

mejorar vt

: to improve, to make better

mejorar vi

: to improve, to get better

♦ See also the reflexive verb mejorarse

* * *

mejorar vb to improve

sus notas han mejorado his marks have improved

mañana mejorará el tiempo the weather will be better tomorrow

Spanish-English dictionary > mejorar

48 responder

v.

1 to answer.

Ella le responde a Ricardo She answers Richard.

2 to answer back.

3 to respond.

Ellos responden pronto They respond soon.

4 to hit back, to fight back.

El chico responde The boy hits back.

* * *

responder

► verbo transitivo

1 (contestar) to answer

► verbo intransitivo

1 (contestar) to answer, reply

■ respondió a la pregunta she answered to the question

2 (replicar) to answer back

3 (corresponder) to answer, respond to

■ tengo que responder a su amabilidad I have to respond to his kindness

4 (tener el efecto deseado) to respond

■ el motor respondió bien the engine responded well

5 (rendir) to go well, do well

■ este campo responde this field is very productive

6 (ser responsable) to answer (de, for), accept responsibility (de, for)

■ responderás de sus faltas you'll answer for her mistakes

7 (garantizar) to guarantee, vouch (de, for)

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

responder a un tratamiento to respond to a course of treatment

responder a una descripción to answer a description, fit a description

responder a una necesidad to answer a need, meet a need

responder al nombre de... (animal) to answer to the name of... 2 (persona) to go by the name of...

■ responde al nombre de Ana she goes by the name of Ana

responder de alguien to be responsible for somebody

responder por alguien to vouch for somebody, act as a guarantor for somebody

* * *

verb

to answer, reply, respond

* * *

1. VI

1) (=contestar) [a pregunta, llamada] to answer; [en diálogo, carta] to reply

la mayor parte de los encuestados respondió afirmativamente — the majority of people surveyed said yes o frm answered positively

aunque llamen al timbre varias veces no respondas — even if they ring the bell a number of times don't answer

respóndame lo antes posible — please reply as soon as possible

respondió de forma contundente — he gave a forceful reply

responder a — [+ pregunta] to answer; [+ carta] to reply to, answer; [+ críticas, peticiones] to respond to, answer

la primera ministra eludió responder a las acusaciones de la oposición — the prime minister avoided answering the opposition's accusations

responder al nombre de — [persona] to go by the name of; [animal] to answer to the name of

el detenido, cuyo nombre responde a las iniciales A. M.,... — the person under arrest, whose initials are A.M.,...

2) (=replicar) to answer back

no me respondas — don't answer me back

3) (=reaccionar) to respond

nunca se imaginó que la gente fuera a responder tan bien — he never imagined that people would respond so well

los frenos no respondieron — the brakes didn't respond

si las abonas bien verás qué bien responden — if you feed them well you'll see how well they respond

responder a, no respondió al tratamiento — he did not respond to the treatment

el pueblo respondió a su llamada — the population answered his call o más frm responded to his call

4) (=rendir) [negocio] to do well; [máquina] to perform well; [empleado] to produce results

debes preparar un equipo de profesionales que responda — you must train a team of professionals that can produce results o come up with the goods *

5) (=satisfacer)

responder a — [+ exigencias, necesidades] to meet; [+ expectativas] to come up to

este tipo de productos no responde ya a las exigencias del mercado — this type of product no longer meets market demands

el equipo italiano no ha respondido a las expectativas — the Italian team has not come up to expectations

la construcción de esta nueva carretera responde a una necesidad social — this new road has been built in response to public need

6) (=corresponder)

responder a — [+ idea, imagen, información] to correspond to; [+ descripción] to answer, fit

una imagen de fragilidad que no responde a la realidad — an image of fragility that does not correspond to reality

uno de los detenidos responde a la descripción del sospechoso — one of those arrested answers o fits the description of the suspect

7) (=responsabilizarse)

yo ya te avisé, así que no respondo — I warned you before, I'm not responsible

responder de — [+ acto, consecuencia] to answer for; [+ seguridad, deuda] to be responsible for; [+ honestidad] to vouch for

cada cual debe responder de sus actos — every person must answer for his or her actions

tendrá que responder de su gestión económica ante un tribunal — he will have to answer for his financial management in a court of law

yo no respondo de lo que pueda pasar — I cannot answer for the consequences

la empresa no responde de la seguridad del edificio — the company is not responsible for the security of the building

8)

responder por algn — to vouch for sb

yo respondo por él — I can vouch for him

9) [material] to be workable, be easily worked

2.

VT (=contestar) [+ pregunta, llamada] to answer

responde algo, aunque sea al azar — give an answer o say something, even if it's a guess

- no quiero -respondió — "I don't want to," he replied

me respondió que no sabía — she told me that she didn't know, she replied that she didn't know

le respondí que sí — I said yes

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

1)

a) ( contestar) to reply, answer, respond (frml)

respondió con una evasiva — he gave an evasive reply

respondió afirmativamente — she said yes, she responded in the affirmative (frml)

responder A algo — to reply to something, to answer something, to respond to something (frml)

b) ( replicar) to answer back

2) ( reaccionar) to respond

responder A algo — a amenaza/estímulo to respond to something

no respondía a los mandos — it was not responding to o obeying the controls

responde al nombre de Kurt — he answers to the name of Kurt

3)

a) ( corresponder)

responder A algo: no responden a la descripción they do not answer the description; las cifras no responden a la realidad the figures do not reflect the true situation; responde a las exigencias actuales de seguridad — it meets present-day demands for safety

b) ( estar motivado por algo)

responder A algo: responde a la demanda actual it is a response to the current demand; su viaje respondía al deseo de verla — his trip was motivated by the desire to see her

4) ( responsabilizarse)

si ocurre algo yo no respondo — if anything happens I will not be held responsible

responder ante la justicia — to answer for one's acts in a court of law

responder DE algo: yo respondo de su integridad I will vouch for his integrity; no respondo de lo que hizo I am not responsible for what he did; yo respondo de que lo haga I will be responsible for ensuring that he does it; responder POR alguien — to vouch for somebody
2.
responder vt

a) ( contestar) to reply, answer, respond (frml)

respondió que no le interesaba — he replied that he was not interested

b) < pregunta> to answer

c) <llamada/carta> to answer, reply to, respond to (frml)

* * *

= answer, react, reply, counter, retaliate, elicit + answer, make + answer, develop + answer, answer back, rejoin.

Ex. The compilation of an author catalogue or index presents four basic questions which need to be answered.

Ex. This will cause the system to react differently to a request to renew an overdue document.

Ex. The computer replies by listing the numbers of documents in each subcommand, and places 10752 hits in set 1.

Ex. The president countered with the view that most people fall somewhere between Type A and Type B anyway, and that effective time management and Type B behavior are not mutually exclusive.

Ex. She retaliated with the view that time management techniques run counter to the ideal balance of concern for production coupled with concern for people.

Ex. A complete description of the community will elicit answers to questions like what demographic, physical y socio-economic features does the community possess?.

Ex. The director chuckled an evasive chuckle before she made answer.

Ex. This was considered adequate to develop answers to the initial research questions = Se consideró que esto era adecuado para dar respuesta a los objetivos iniciales del proyecto.

Ex. He began swearing and saying 'I don't know what you're on about, whatever we do, it's wrong!' and of course I answered his nastiness back.

Ex. And he rejoined: "Do as you please".

----

* intentar responder a una pregunta = pursue + question.

* La Biblioteca Responde = Ask the Library.

* por favor, responda = RSVP [R.S.V.P.].

* pregunta difícil de responder = awkward-to-handle enquiry.

* que se puede responder = answerable.

* responder (a) = respond (to).

* responder a preguntas = entertain + questions.

* responder a una invitación = RSVP.

* responder a una necesidad = address + need.

* responder a una pregunta = field + question.

* responder a una situación = respond to + situation.

* responder a un comentario = field + comment.

* responder de = vouch (for).

* responder de Algo = be held to account.

* responder evasivamente = hedge + Posesivo + answer.

* responder favorablemente = respond + favourably.

* responder la cuestión = get behind + the question.

* responder lento = be slow off the mark, be slow off the blocks.

* responder positivamente = respond + favourably.

* responder preguntas = take + questions.

* responder rápidamente = shoot back.

* responder rápido = be quick off the mark, be quick off the blocks.

* responder una pregunta = dispatch + question, answer + question.

* respondiendo a = be responsive to.

* sin responder = unanswered.

* * *
1.
verbo intransitivo

1)

a) ( contestar) to reply, answer, respond (frml)

respondió con una evasiva — he gave an evasive reply

respondió afirmativamente — she said yes, she responded in the affirmative (frml)

responder A algo — to reply to something, to answer something, to respond to something (frml)

b) ( replicar) to answer back

2) ( reaccionar) to respond

responder A algo — a amenaza/estímulo to respond to something

no respondía a los mandos — it was not responding to o obeying the controls

responde al nombre de Kurt — he answers to the name of Kurt

3)

a) ( corresponder)

responder A algo: no responden a la descripción they do not answer the description; las cifras no responden a la realidad the figures do not reflect the true situation; responde a las exigencias actuales de seguridad — it meets present-day demands for safety

b) ( estar motivado por algo)

responder A algo: responde a la demanda actual it is a response to the current demand; su viaje respondía al deseo de verla — his trip was motivated by the desire to see her

4) ( responsabilizarse)

si ocurre algo yo no respondo — if anything happens I will not be held responsible

responder ante la justicia — to answer for one's acts in a court of law

responder DE algo: yo respondo de su integridad I will vouch for his integrity; no respondo de lo que hizo I am not responsible for what he did; yo respondo de que lo haga I will be responsible for ensuring that he does it; responder POR alguien — to vouch for somebody
2.
responder vt

a) ( contestar) to reply, answer, respond (frml)

respondió que no le interesaba — he replied that he was not interested

b) < pregunta> to answer

c) <llamada/carta> to answer, reply to, respond to (frml)

* * *

= answer, react, reply, counter, retaliate, elicit + answer, make + answer, develop + answer, answer back, rejoin.

Ex: The compilation of an author catalogue or index presents four basic questions which need to be answered.

Ex: This will cause the system to react differently to a request to renew an overdue document.

Ex: The computer replies by listing the numbers of documents in each subcommand, and places 10752 hits in set 1.

Ex: The president countered with the view that most people fall somewhere between Type A and Type B anyway, and that effective time management and Type B behavior are not mutually exclusive.

Ex: She retaliated with the view that time management techniques run counter to the ideal balance of concern for production coupled with concern for people.

Ex: A complete description of the community will elicit answers to questions like what demographic, physical y socio-economic features does the community possess?.

Ex: The director chuckled an evasive chuckle before she made answer.

Ex: This was considered adequate to develop answers to the initial research questions = Se consideró que esto era adecuado para dar respuesta a los objetivos iniciales del proyecto.

Ex: He began swearing and saying 'I don't know what you're on about, whatever we do, it's wrong!' and of course I answered his nastiness back.

Ex: And he rejoined: "Do as you please".

* intentar responder a una pregunta = pursue + question.

* La Biblioteca Responde = Ask the Library.

* por favor, responda = RSVP [R.S.V.P.].

* pregunta difícil de responder = awkward-to-handle enquiry.

* que se puede responder = answerable.

* responder (a) = respond (to).

* responder a preguntas = entertain + questions.

* responder a una invitación = RSVP.

* responder a una necesidad = address + need.

* responder a una pregunta = field + question.

* responder a una situación = respond to + situation.

* responder a un comentario = field + comment.

* responder de = vouch (for).

* responder de Algo = be held to account.

* responder evasivamente = hedge + Posesivo + answer.

* responder favorablemente = respond + favourably.

* responder la cuestión = get behind + the question.

* responder lento = be slow off the mark, be slow off the blocks.

* responder positivamente = respond + favourably.

* responder preguntas = take + questions.

* responder rápidamente = shoot back.

* responder rápido = be quick off the mark, be quick off the blocks.

* responder una pregunta = dispatch + question, answer + question.

* respondiendo a = be responsive to.

* sin responder = unanswered.

* * *

responder [E1 ]

vi

A

1 (contestar) to reply, answer, respond ( frml)

respondió con una evasiva he gave an evasive reply

respondió afirmativamente/negativamente she said yes/no, she gave a positive/negative reply, she responded in the affirmative/negative ( frml)

responder A algo to reply TO sth, to answer sth, to respond TO sth ( frml)

no respondieron a mis cartas they didn't reply to o respond to o answer my letters

la hembra responde a este reclamo the female responds to o answers this call

2 (replicar) to answer back

B (reaccionar) to respond

mis amigos no respondieron como había esperado my friends didn't respond as I had hoped

el motor no respondió the engine didn't respond

responder A algo ‹a una amenaza/un estímulo/un ruego› to respond TO sth

no respondió al tratamiento she didn't respond to the treatment

respondió a estos insultos con una sonrisa he responded to o answered these insults with a smile

no respondía a los mandos it was not responding to o obeying the controls

el perro responde al nombre de Kurt the dog answers to the name of Kurt

C

1 (corresponder) responder A algo:

responde al estereotipo del estudiante radical he corresponds to o matches the stereotype of the radical student

no responden a la descripción they do not fit o answer the description

las cifras no responden a la realidad the figures do not reflect the true situation o do not correspond to reality

responde a las actuales exigencias de confort y seguridad it meets present-day demands for comfort and safety

2 responder A algo

(estar motivado por algo): responde a la necesidad de controlar esta escalada it is a response o an answer to the need to control this escalation

su viaje respondía al deseo de conocerlos personalmente her trip was motivated by the desire to get to know them personally

D

(responsabilizarse): si ocurre algo yo no respondo I will not be held responsible o I refuse to accept responsibility if anything happens

tendrán que responder ante la justicia they will have to answer for their acts in a court of law

responder DE algo:

yo respondo de su integridad I will vouch for his integrity

su tío respondió de las deudas her uncle took responsibility for her debts

no respondo de lo que haya hecho mi hijo I will not answer for o be answerable for o be held responsible for what my son may have done

responder DE QUE + SUBJ:

yo respondo de que se presente en comisaría I will take responsibility for ensuring that he reports to the police

responder POR algn to vouch FOR sb

■ responder

vt

1 (contestar) to reply, answer, respond ( frml)

respondió que no le interesaba he replied that he was not interested

2 ‹pregunta› to answer

3 ‹llamada/carta› to answer, reply to, respond to ( frml)

* * *

responder ( conjugate responder) verbo intransitivo
1
a) ( contestar) to reply, answer, respond (frml);

◊ respondió con una evasiva he gave an evasive reply

b) ( replicar) to answer back

2 ( reaccionar) to respond;
responder A algo ‹a amenaza/estímulo› to respond to sth
3 ( corresponder):
◊ no responden a la descripción they do not answer the description;

las cifras no responden a la realidad the figures do not reflect the true situation
4 ( responsabilizarse):
◊ si ocurre algo, yo no respondo if anything happens I will not be held responsible;

responder ante la justicia to answer for one's acts in a court of law;
yo respondo de su integridad I will vouch for his integrity;
no respondo de lo que hizo I am not responsible for what he did;
responder POR algn to vouch for sb
verbo transitivo
a) ( contestar) to reply, answer

b) ‹ pregunta› to answer

c) ‹llamada/carta› to answer, reply to

responder
I verbo transitivo to answer, reply
II verbo intransitivo
1 (a una acción, pregunta, etc) to answer, reply: respondió con evasivas, he didn't give a straight answer, nunca responde a mis cartas, she never answers my letters
2 (a un tratamiento, estímulo, etc) to respond
3 (de un error o falta) to pay for: el asesino debe responder de sus crímenes, the murderer must pay for his crimes
4 (por una persona) to vouch for: yo respondo de su inocencia, I will vouch for his innocence
5 (de un acto, de una cosa) to be responsible for, to answer for: yo no puedo responder de sus actos, I can't take responsibility for his actions
6 (un negocio) to go well
7 (una cosa a otra) to correspond: los resultados no respondieron a las expectativas, the results didn't fulfil the expectations
' responder' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cable
- enredarse
- enrollarse
- vacilar
- concluyente
English:
account for
- answer
- answer back
- answer for
- definitive
- give
- guideline
- handle
- parting
- reply
- respond
- retaliate
- shoot back
- vouch
- acknowledge
- attempt
- counter
- fit
- pattern
- perform

* * *

responder

♦ vt
[contestar] to answer; [con insolencia] to answer back;
respondió que sí/que no she said yes/no;

respondió que lo pensaría she said that she'd think about it

♦ vi

1. [contestar]
responder (a algo) [pregunta, llamada, carta, saludo] to answer (sth);

no responde nadie [al llamar] there's no answer;

responde al nombre de Toby he answers to the name of Toby

2. [replicar] to answer back;

¡no respondas a tu madre! don't answer your mother back!

3. [reaccionar] to respond (a to);
el paciente no responde al tratamiento the patient isn't responding to the treatment;

la nueva máquina responde bien the new machine is performing well;

los mandos no (me) responden the controls aren't responding;

el delantero no respondió a las provocaciones de su marcador the forward didn't react to his marker's attempts to provoke him

4. [responsabilizarse]
si te pasa algo yo no respondo I can't be held responsible if anything happens to you;

responder de algo/por alguien to answer for sth/for sb;

yo respondo de su inocencia/por él I can vouch for his innocence/for him;

responderá de sus actos ante el parlamento she will answer for her actions before Parliament;

¡no respondo de mis actos! I can't be responsible for what I might do!;

yo no respondo de lo que pueda pasar si se autoriza la manifestación I won't be held responsible for what might happen if the demonstration is authorized

5. [corresponder]
las medidas responden a la crisis the measures are in keeping with the nature of the crisis;

un producto que responde a las necesidades del consumidor medio a product which meets the needs of the average consumer;

no ha respondido a nuestras expectativas it hasn't lived up to our expectations

6. [ser consecuencia de]
responder a algo to reflect sth;

las largas listas de espera responden a la falta de medios the long waiting lists reflect the lack of resources

* * *

responder

I v/t answer

II v/i

1

:

responder a answer, reply to; MED respond to; descripción fit, match; ( ser debido a) be due to;

responder al nombre de … answer to the name of …

2

:

responder de take responsibility for

3

:

responder por alguien vouch for s.o.

* * *

responder vt

: to answer

responder vi

1) : to answer, to reply, to respond

2)

responder a : to respond to

responder al tratamiento: to respond to treatment

3)

responder de : to answer for, to vouch for (something)

4)

responder por : to vouch for (someone)

* * *

responder vb

1. (pregunta, teléfono, etc) to answer

responde a la pregunta answer the question

2. (carta) to answer / to reply [pt. & pp. replied]

no ha respondido a mis cartas he hasn't replied to my letters

3. (reaccionar) to respond

el paciente responde a la medicación the patient is responding to the medicine

Spanish-English dictionary > responder

49 certificat

certificat [sεʀtifika]

masculine noun

( = diplôme, attestation) certificate

► certificat d'aptitude professionnelle vocational training certificate

► certificat de concubinage document certifying that a couple are living as husband and wife

► certificat de décès death certificate

► certificat d'études primaires (autrefois) certificate obtained by pupils at the end of primary school

► certificat de mariage marriage certificate

► certificat médical medical certificate

► certificat de travail attestation of employment

* * *
sɛʀtifika
nom masculin

1) ( document officiel) certificate

certificat attestant que — certificate showing that

2) ( document privé) testimonial

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- certificat d'aptitude professionnelle

- certificat de bonne vie et mœurs

- certificat de garantie

- certificat de naissance

- certificat de résidence

- certificat de scolarité

- certificat de travail

* * *
sɛʀtifika nm
1) (= diplôme) certificate

2) (= attestation) certificate

* * *

certificat nm

1 Admin, Comm ( document officiel) certificate; certificat attestant de certificate attesting (to); certificat attestant que certificate showing that;

2 ( document privé) testimonial;

3 ( diplôme) certificate;

4 ( titre) certificate.

Composés

certificat d'aptitude à la profession d'avocat, CAPA postgraduate legal qualification needed to practise^GB as a solicitor or barrister; certificat d'aptitude professionnelle, CAP vocational training qualification; certificat d'authenticité certificate of authenticity; certificat de bonne vie et mœurs ≈ character reference; certificat de décès death certificate; certificat d'études (primaires), CEP basic school-leaving qualification; certificat de garantie certificate of guarantee; certificat médical medical certificate; certificat de naissance birth certificate; certificat d'origine certificate of origin; certificat de résidence proof of residence; certificat de scolarité proof of attendance (at school or university); certificat de travail document from a previous employer giving dates and nature of employment.

[sɛrtifika] nom masculin

1. [attestation] certificate

certificat de bonne vie et de bonnes mœurs DROIT character reference

certificat médical doctor's certificate

certificat de naissance birth certificate

certificat d'origine certificate of origin

certificat de sécurité INFORMATIQUE security certficate

certificat de scolarité

a. ÉDUCATION school attendance certificate

b. UNIVERSITÉ university attendance certificate

certificat de travail ≃ P 45 (UK), attestation of employment

certificat de vaccination vaccination certificate

2. [diplôme] diploma, certificate

certificat d'aptitude professionnelle → link=CAP CAP

certificat d'aptitude au professorat de l'enseignement du second degré → link=CAPES CAPES

certificat d'aptitude au professorat de l'enseignement technique → link=CAPET CAPET

certificat d'études (primaires) basic school-leaving qualification (abolished in Metropolitan France in 1989)

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > certificat

50 ОБЖ

основы безопасности жизнедеятельности (ОБЖ)
the basic(s) of vital functions safety; the basic(s) of vital activity security

Дополнительный универсальный русско-английский словарь > ОБЖ

51 основы безопасности жизнедеятельности

основы безопасности жизнедеятельности (ОБЖ)
the basic(s) of vital functions safety; the basic(s) of vital activity security

Дополнительный универсальный русско-английский словарь > основы безопасности жизнедеятельности

52 фонд

1) (запас) stock, reserve

государственные продовольственные фонды — state stocks of food

жилищный фонд — housing fund

забастовочный фонд — strike fund

рептильный фонд (тайный фонд, используемый для подкупа прессы) — reptile fund

2) (организация) Fund, Foundation

Детский фонд ООН, ЮНИСЕФ — United Nations Children's Fund, UNICEF

Европейский фонд обучения — European Training Foundation

Европейский фонд развития (специальный фонд Европейского инвестиционного банка) — European Development Fund

Международный валютный фонд, МВФ — International Monetary Fund, IMF

фонд сельскохозяйственного развития, ИФАД — International Fund for Agricultural Development, IFAD

3) (ценные бумаги) stocks, securities

4) эк. (денежные или материальные средства) fund

инвестировать фонды — to invest funds

объединять в общий фонд — to pool

отказать в предоставлении фондов — to block funds

перераспределить фонды — to redistribute funds

получать субсидии из фонда — to be supported by a fund

рационально использовать фонды — to make rational use of the funds

создать объединённый фонд иностранной валюты — to pool foreign exchange

амортизационный фонд — reserve for depreciation, sinking fund

банковские фонды — funds of bank

валютный фонд — currency reserve / fund

возобновляемый фонд — revolving fund

иностранные фонды — foreign funds

компенсационный фонд — indemnification fund

кредитные фонды — credit funds / resources / facilities

невидимый фонд — invisible fund

неделимые фонды — nondistributable assets / funds

оборотный фонд — revolving fund, current capital

общественные фонды потребления — public consumption funds

ускоренный рост общественных фондов потребления — accelerated growth of the public / social consumption funds

общий фонд — general fund, pool (stock)

общий фонд иностранной валюты — pool of foreign exchange

создавать общий фонд из прибылей — to pool profits

основной фонд, фонд основного капитала — capital fund, assets, fixed capital

накопление / прирост основных фондов — assets formation

обновление основных фондов — capital renewal

основные непроизводственные фонды — fixed / basic nonproduction assets, nonproductive capital funds

основные производственные фонды — fixed / basic production assets, mechanical facilities

основной рыночный фонд — main market stock

правительственный фонд — government fund

премиальный фонд — bonus fund

производственные фонды — production assets / funds

резервный фонд, фонд чрезвычайной помощи — reserve / surplus / emergency fund

создавать резервный фонд — to stockpile

создание резервного фонда — stockpiling

свободные фонды, фонды, не подлежащие распределению — unappropriated funds

ссудные фонды — loanable funds

товарный фонд — commodity fund

уравнительный фонд, фонд валютного регулирования, фонд выравнивания — equalization fund

целевой фонд — fund-in trust; (в ООН) trust fund

частные фонды — private funds

перемещение фондов — shift of funds

фонд гуманитарного сотрудничества — fund of humanitarian cooperation

фонды для субсидии — grant funds

фонд замещения — replacement reserve

фонд заработной платы — wage(s)-fund / bill

фонды инвалюты — foreign exchange funds

фонд капиталовложений — investment fund

фонд накопления — accumulation fund

фонд потребления — consumption fund

фонды развития — development funds

фонд развития производства — fund for the expansion of production

фонд расчётов по золоту — gold settlement fund

фонд социального обеспечения — social security fund

фонд стабилизации валюты — stabilization fund

фонд экономического стимулирования — economic incentive fund

Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > фонд

53 CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. The Oxford Book of Portuguese Verse: XIIth Century-XXth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1925, 1952 (2nd edition, B. Vi-digal, ed.).

   ■. Portuguese Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1922, 1970 (2nd edition, B. Vidigal, ed.).

   ■ Bleiberg, German, Maureen Ihrie, and Janet Pérez, eds. Dictionary of the Literature of the Iberian Peninsula, 2 vols. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1993.

   ■ Castro, Francisco Lyon de, ed. História da literatura portuguesa, 7 vols. Lisbon: Alfa, 2001-02.

   ■ Cidade, Hernani. Lições de Cultura e Literatura Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.

   ■ Cook, Manuela. Portuguese: A Complete Course for Beginners. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1996. Figueiredo, Fidelino. História literária de Portugal. Coimbra, 1944. Gentile, Georges Le. La Littérature Portugaise. Rev. ed. Paris, 1951. Kunoff, Hugo. Portuguese Literature from Its Origins to 1990: A Bibliography Based on the Collections at Indiana University. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1994.

   ■ Longland, Jean. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry. A Bilingual Selection. Irvington-on-Hudson: Harvey House, 1966. Prado Coelho, Jacinto do. Dicionário das Literaturas Portuguesas, Galega e Brasileira, 3rd ed. Oporto, 1978. Rossi, Giuseppe C. Storia della letteratura portoghesa. Florence, 1953.

   ■ Santos, João Camilo dos. "Portuguese Contemporary Literature." In Antônio Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 218-42. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■ Saraiva, Antônio José. História da cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-60.

   ■. História da Literatura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990 ed.

   ■, and Oscar Lopes. História da Literatura Portuguesa. Oporto and Coimbra, 1992 ed.

   ■ Seguier, Jaime de, ed. Dicionário Prático Ilustrado. Oporto: Lello, 1961 and later eds.

   ■ Simões, João Gaspar. História da poesia portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1955-56 and later eds.

   ■. História da poesia portuguesa do século XX. Lisbon, 1959 and later eds.

   ■ Stern, Irwin, ed.-in-chief. Dictionary of Brazilian Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1988.

   ■ TRAVEL AND TOURIST GUIDES ON PORTUGAL

   ■ Adragão, José Victor. The Algarve: The Land, the Sea and Its People. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■ Ballard, Sam, and Jane Ballard. Pousadas of Portugal: Unique Lodgings in State-owned Castles, Palaces, Mansions and Hotels. Boston: Harvard Common, 1986.

   ■ Bridge, Ann, and Susan Lowndes Marques. The Selective Traveller in Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1968.

   ■ Ellingham, Mark, et al. Portugal: The Rough Guide. London: Rough Guides, 2008 ed.

   ■ Hogg, Anthony. Travellers' Portugal. London: Solo Mio, 1983.

   ■ Kite, Cynthia, and Ralph Kite. Portuguese Country Inns & Pousadas. New York: Warner Books; Karen Brown's Country Inn Series, 1988.

   ■ Lowndes, Susan, ed. Fodor's Portugal 1991. New York: Fodor's, 1990.

   ■ Proença Raúl, and Sant'anna Dionísio, eds. Guía De Portugal. I. Generalidades. Lisboa E, Arredores. Lisbon: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1924; 1983.

   ■ Robertson, Ian. Portugal: Blue Guide. London: Benn; New York: Norton, 2000 and later eds.

   ■ Stoop, Anne de. Living in Portugal. Paris and New York: Flammarion, 1995. Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Minho and North Portugal: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1968.

   ■. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.

   ■. Algarve: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1973.

   ■ HISTORY OF PORTUGAL Ancient and Medieval (2000 BCE-1415 CE)

   ■ Alarção, Jorge de. Roman Portugal. Volume I: Introduction. Warminster, U.K., 1988.

   ■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História de Portugal. Vol. I. Coimbra, 1922. Arnaut, Salvador Dias. A Crise Nacional dos fins do século XVI. Vol. 1. Coimbra, 1960.

   ■ Baião, Antônio, Hernani Cidade, and Manuel Múrias, eds. História de Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40. Caetano, Marcello. Lições de História do Direito Português. Coimbra, 1962. Cortesão, Jaime. Os Factores Democráticos no Formação de Portugal. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ David, Pierre. Etudes Historiques sur la Galice et le Portugal du VI au XII siécle. Paris, 1947.

   ■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999. Diffie, Bailey W. Prelude to Empire: Portugal Overseas before Henry the Navigator. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1960. Dutra, Francis A. "Portugal: To 1279." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Vol. X: 35-48. New York: Scribners, 1987.

   ■. "Portugal: 1279-1481." Dictionary of the Middle Ages. Vol. X: 48-56. New York: Scribners, 1987. Gama Barros, Henrique de. História de Administração Pública em Portugal nos séculos XII à XV, 11 vols. Lisbon, 1945-51. Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. A Economia dos Descobrimentos Henriquinos. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■ Gonzaga de Azevedo, Luís. História de Portugal, 6 vols. Lisbon, 1939-44.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. História de Portugal, 8 vols., 9th ed. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Kennedy, Hugh. Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of al-Anda-lus. London: Longman, 1996.

   ■ Lencastre e Tavora, Luía Gonzaga. O Estudo da Sigilografia Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. The Origins of Spain and Portugal. London: Allen & Unwin, 1971.

   ■ Lopes, David. "Os Árabes nas obras de Alexandre Herculano." Boletim da Segunda Classe. Lisbon: Academia Real das Sciéncias, III (1909-10). MacKendrick, Paul. The Iberian Stones Speak. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1969.

   ■ Martinez, Pedro Soares. História Diplomática De Portugal [chapter I, 114315]. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Mattoso, José, ed. A Nobreza Medieval Portuguesa: A Família e o Poder. Lisbon: Estampa, 1981.

   ■. Religião e cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1982.

   ■. Identificaçao de um país ( ensaio sobre as orígens de Portugal), 2 vols. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.

   ■. Novos Ensaios de História Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1988.

   ■. Historia de Portugal. Vol. 2: A Monarquia Feudal ( 1096-1480). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. Hansa e Portugal na Idade Média. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■. Introduçao à História da Agricultura em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■. Daily Life in Portugal in the Middle Ages. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1971.

   ■. Ensaios de História Medieval Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■. "Introduçao à História da Cidade Medieval Portuguesa." Bracara Augusta XXV, 92-93 (January-December 1981): 367-87.

   ■. Guía do Estudante de História Medieval Portuguesa, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■. Portugal Na Crise Dos Séculos XIV e XV-Vol. IV of Serrão and Oliveira Marques, Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Peres, Damião de, ed. História de Portugal. Vols. I, II. Barcelos, 1928-29.

   ■ Rau, Virginia. Subsídios para o estudo das Feiras Medievais Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1943.

   ■. Sesma'rias Medievais Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Ribeiro, Orlando. "Portugal, formação de." Dicionário da História de Portugal. Vol. III, 432-51. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. The Travels of the Infante Dom Pedro of Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961.

   ■ Russell, P. E. The English Intervention in Spain and Portugal in the Time of Edward III and Richard II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955.

   ■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1968.

   ■ Silva, Armando Coelho Ferreira. A Cultura Castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Pacos de Ferreira, 1986.

   ■ Varagnac, André. O Homem antes da Escrita ( Pre-história). Lisbon, 1963.

   ■ Imperial and Early Modern (1415-1822)

   ■ Azevedo, J. Lúcio de. História de António de Vieira, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1918-20.

   ■. Épocas de Portugal Económico. Lisbon, 1929.

   ■ Borges de Macedo, Jorge. Problemas de História de Indústria Portuguesa no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1963.

   ■. "Pombal." Dicionário de História de Portugal. Vol. III, 415-23. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■ Bovill, Edward W. The Battle of the Alcazar: An Account of the Defeat of Dom Sebastian at El-Ksar el-Kebir. London, 1952.

   ■ Boxer, C. R. Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825: A Succinct Survey. Johannesburg, South Africa: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1961.

   ■. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.

   ■. João de Barros: Portuguese Humanist and Historian of Asia. New Delhi, India: Xavier Centre, 1981.

   ■ Cheke, Marcus. Dictator of Portugal: A Life of the Marquis of Pombal, 16991782. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1938.

   ■ Cunha, Luís da. Testamento Político. Lisbon, 1820.

   ■ Davidson, Lillias C. Catherine of Bragança. London: John Murray, 1908.

   ■ Dutra, Francis A. "Membership in the Order of Christ in the Seventeenth Century." The Americas 27 (1970): 3-25.

   ■ Eberlein, H. D., and R. W. Ramsdell. The Practical Book of Italian, Spanish and Portuguese Furniture. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1927.

   ■ Ericeira, Luís de Meneses [Count of]. História de Portugal Restaurado, 4 vols. Oporto, 1945.

   ■ Fisher, H. E. S. "Anglo-Portuguese Trade, 1700-70." Economic History Review XVI, 2 (1963): 219-33.

   ■. The Portugal Trade: A Study of Anglo-Portuguese Commerce, 1700- 1770. London: Methuen, 1971.

   ■ Francis, A. D. The Methuens and Portugal: 1691-1708. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1966.

   ■. Portugal, 1715-1808. London: Tamesis, 1985.

   ■ Hanson, Carl A. Economy and Society in Baroque Portugal, 1668-1703. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1981.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. New York: AMS Press, 1968 reprint.

   ■ Kendrick, T. D. The Lisbon Earthquake. London: Methuen, 1956.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. "The Privileges of an Englishman in the Kingdom and Dominions of Portugal." Atlante 11 (1954): 57-77.

   ■ Macauley, Neil. Dom Pedro: The Struggle for Liberty in Brazil and Portugal, 1798-1834. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1986.

   ■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.

   ■. They Went to Portugal, Too. London: Carcanet, 1990.

   ■ Magalhães Godinho, Vitorino. Prix et Monnaies au Portugal. Paris, 1955.

   ■. "Portugal and Her Empire." In New Cambridge Modern History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Vol. V (1961): 384-97; Vol. VI (1961): 509-10.

   ■. A Economia dos descobrimentos henri-quinos. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■. Estructura da Antiga Sociedade Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Mauro, Frédéric. Le Portugal et l'Atlantique au XVII siécle ( 1570-1670). Paris: SEVPEN, 1960.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. "Pombal and the Nationalization of the Luso-Brazilian Economy." Hispanic American Historical Review XLVIII (November 1968): 608-31.

   ■. Conflicts and Conspiracies: Brazil and Portugal, 1750-1808. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.

   ■ Norris, A. H., and R. W. Bremner. The Lines of Torres Vedras. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal, 1980.

   ■ Oliveira, Antônio de. A Vida Económica e Social de Coimbra de 1537 à 1640, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1971-72.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. The Royal Power and the Cortes in Portugal. Watford, U.K.: Voss & Michael, 1927.

   ■. Portuguese Pioneers. London: Black, 1933.

   ■. "The Mode of Government in Portugal during the Restoration [1640-68] Period." In Edgar Prestage, ed., Melange d'Etudes Portugaises Offerts a M. Georges Le Gentil, 265-70. Lisbon, 1949.

   ■ Rabassa, Gregory. "Padre Antônio Vieira: Portugal's Amazing Polymath." Camões Centre Quarterly 2, 3-4 (Autumn and Winter 1990): 27-32. Rau, Virginia. D. Catarina de Bragança: Rainha de Inglaterra. Lisbon, 1944. Ricard, Robert. "Prophecy and Messianism in the Works of Antônio Vieira." The Americas 37 (1960): 357-88.

   ■ Roche, T. W. E. Philippa: Dona Filipa of Portugal. London: Phillimore, 1971.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. The Travels of the Infante Dom Pedro of Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1961.

   ■ Rooney, Peter T. "Hapsburg Fiscal Policies in Portugal, 1580-1640." Journal of European Economic History 23, 3 (1994): 545-62.

   ■ Roth, Cecil. "The Religion of the Marranos." Jewish Quarterly Review 22 (1931): 1-33.

   ■. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.

   ■ Saraiva, Antônio José. Inquisição e Cristãos-Novos. Oporto, 1969.

   ■. A Inquisição Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1969 and later eds.

   ■ Schneider, Susan. O Marquês De Pombal E O Vinho Do Porto: Dependência e subdesenvolvimento em Portugal no século XVIII. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Shaw, L. M. E. Trade, Inquisition and the English Nation in Portugal, 16401690. London: Carcancet, 1989.

   ■ Shillington, V. M., and A. B. W. Chapman. The Commercial Relations of England and Portugal. London: Routledge, 1907.

   ■ Sideri, Sandro. Trade and Power: Informal Colonialism in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press, 1970.

   ■ Smith, John Athelstone [Conde de Carnota]. Marquis of Pombal, 2nd ed. London, 1872.

   ■ Thomas, Gerturde Z. Richer Than Spices. New York: Knopf, 1965. Walford, A. R. The British Factory in Lisbon. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Constitutional Monarchy and Liberalism (1822-1910)

   ■ Baptista, Jacinto. O Cinco de Outubro. Lisbon, 1965. Brandão, Raúl. Memórias, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1969 ed.

   ■ Cabral, Manuel Villaverde. O desenvolvimento do capitalismo em Portugal no século XIX. Lisbon, 1981. Caetano, Marcello. História Breve das Constituções portuguesas. Lisbon, 1971 ed.

   ■ Carnota, Conde da. Memoirs of Marshal, the Duke of Saldanha, with Selections from His Correspondence, 2 vols. London: John Murray, 1880. Carvalho, Joaquim de. Estudos sobre a cultura portuguesa do século XIX. Coimbra, 1955.

   ■ Cheke, Marcus. Carlota Joaquina, Queen of Portugal. London: Sidgwick and Jackson, 1947.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. Zé Provinho na Obra de Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Fuschini, Augusto. Liquidações políticas. Lisbon, 1896.

   ■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. Estrutura da Antiga Sociedade Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975 ed.

   ■ Hammond, Richard J. Portugal and Africa, 1815-1910: A Study in Uneconomic Imperialism. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1966.

   ■ Homem, Amadeu Carvalho. A Propaganda Republicana ( 1870-1910). Coimbra, 1990.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. Portugal: A Short History. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press, 1973. Machado, Alvaro Manuel. A Geração de 70-uma revolução cultural e literária. Lisbon, 1986 ed.

   ■ Martins, Joaquim Pedro de Oliveira. Portugal Contemporâneo, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1953 ed.

   ■ Medina, João. Eça Político. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Mônica, Maria Filomena. Fontes Pereira de Melo. Oporto: Ed. Afrontamento, 1999.

   ■ Nobre, Eduardo. Paixoes Reais. Lisbon: Quimera, 2002.

   ■ Pereira, Miriam Halpern. Livre Câmbio e Desenvolvimento Económico: Portugal na segunda metade do século XIX. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■. Revolução, Finanças, Dependência Externa ( de 1820 à convenção de Gramido). Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Peres, Damião, ed. História de Portugal. Volume III. Barcelos, 1935 ed.

   ■ Ramos, Rui. D.Carlos. 1863-1908. Lisbon: Circulo de Leitores, 2006.

   ■. Liberal Reformism in Portugal. Oliveira Martins, the Movement for New Life and the Politics of the Constitutional Monarchy ( 1885-1908). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

   ■ Rorick, David. Maria da Fonte: History and Myth. M.A. thesis, History Department, Sonoma State University, Sonoma, Calif., 1984.

   ■ Sá, Vítor de. Perspectivas do Século XIX. Lisbon, 1964.

   ■ Serrão, Joel. Sampaio Bruno: O homem e o pensamento. Lisbon, 1958.

   ■. Temas Oitocentistas, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1959-62.

   ■. "Liberalismo." In Joel Serrão, ed., Dicionário de História de Portugal. Vol. II, 732-41. Lisbon, 1965.

   ■. Do Sebastianismo ao Socialismo. Lisbon, 1975 ed.

   ■ Silbert, Albert. Do Portugal de Antiga Regime ao Portugal Oitocentista. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ Teles, Basílio. Do Ultimatum ao 31 de Janeiro. Lisbon, 1968 ed.

   ■ Parliamentary, Republican Portugal (1910-26)

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. A Cadeira do Sidónio Pais. Lisbon, 1980. Arriaga, Manuel de. Na primeira presidência da República Portugueza: Um rápido relatório. Lisbon, 1916.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey, F. G. In Portugal. London, 1912.

   ■. Portugal of the Portuguese. London: Pitman, 1915.

   ■ Bragança-Cunha, V. de. Revolutionary Portugal, 1910-1936. London: Swift, 1937.

   ■ Brandão, Raúl. Memórias, 3 vols. In Brandão, Obras Completas. Lisbon, 1969.

   ■ Burity, Braz [Pseudonym of Joaquim Madureira]. A Forja da Lei. Coimbra, 1915.

   ■ Cabral, Manuel V. Portugal Na Alvorada Do Século XX. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■. 'The Aesthetics of Nationalism: Modernism and Authoritarianism in Early 20th-Century Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, Wisc.) 26, 1 (Summer 1989): 15-43. Campos, Ezequiel. Política. Oporto, 1924.

   ■ Cardia, Sottomayor, ed. Seara Nova: Antologia. Pela Reforma da República (1, 2) 1921-1926, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1971-72.

   ■ Carqueja, Bento. O Povo de Portugal. Oporto, 1916.

   ■. O Futuro de Portugal: Portugal Apos À Guerra. Oporto, 1920.

   ■ Chagas, João. Diário, 1914-1918, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1929-30.

   ■ Cortesão, Jaime. "Memórias da Grande Guerra." In Obras Completas de Jaime Cortesão. Lisbon, 1969.

   ■ Cunha Leal, Francisco. As Minhas Memórias, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1966-68.

   ■ Derou, Jean. Les Relations Franco-Portugaises ( 1910-1926). Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 1986.

   ■ Fazenda, Pedro. A Crise Política. Lisbon, 1926.

   ■ Ferrão, Carlos. História De la República. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Ferreira, David. "5 De Outubro de 1910." In Joel Serrão, ed., Dicionário de História De Portugal III (1968): 264-67. Ferreira Martins, Gen. Luís, ed. Portugal na Grande Guerra, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1945.

   ■ Gomes da Costa, Gen. Manuel. Memórias. Lisbon, 1930. História Política da Primeira República Portuguesa ( 1910-1915), 2 vols. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Lorenzo, Felix. Portugal ( cinco anos de republica). Madrid, 1915.

   ■ Machado, Bernardino. Depois de 21 de Maio. Lisbon, 1922.

   ■ Machado Santos, Antônio. 1907-1910: A revolução portugueza. Relatôrio.

   ■ Lisbon, 1911. Madureira, Arnaldo. 0 28 De Maio. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Magno, David. Livro da Guerra de Portugal na Flandres. Oporto, 1920.

   ■. A Situação Portuguesa. Oporto, 1926.

   ■ Marques Guedes, Armando. Cinco Meses no governo. Oporto, 1926.

   ■ Martins, Rocha. Memórias sobre Sidónio Pais. Lisbon, 1921.

   ■ Medeiros, Fernando. Nas Orígens Do A Sociedade E A Economia Portuguesas Salazarismo. Lisbon, 1978. Medina, João. "Oh! a República!...," Estudos sobre o Republicanismo e a Primeira República Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■, ed. História Contemporânea De Portugal: Primeira República, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Mônica, Maria Filomena. "Uma Aristocracia Operária: Os Chapeleiros (18701913)." Análise Social 60, 2nd series (1979). Montalvor, Luís de, ed. História de Regimen Republicano em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1930-32.

   ■ Oliveira, César. O Operariado E A República Democrática, 1910-1914. Oporto, 1972.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. "The Portuguese 1920s: A General Survey." Iberian Studies 2 (1973): 32-40.

   ■. História De la República Portuguesa: As Estruturas De Base, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1973-74.

   ■. A Primeira República Portuguesa: Alguns aspectos estruturais. Lisbon, 1975 ed.

   ■. O Terceiro Governo Afonso Costa— 1917. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. Pabôn, Jesus. La Revolución Portuguesa, 2 vols. Madrid, 1945-46; Portuguese edition: Lisbon, 1961. Paxeco, Oscar. Os Que Arrancaram Em 28 De Maio. Lisbon, 1937. Peres, Damião, ed. História De Portugal. Ediçao Monumental: Supplemento. Oporto, 1954.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. A Memória do Presidente— Rei Sidónio Pais. Lisbon, 1928.

   ■ Relvas, José. Memórias Políticas, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1977-78.

   ■ Schwartzman, Kathleen C. "Lucros, investimentos e coligações políticas na I República." Análise Social XVIII, 72-71 (1982): 741-58.

   ■. The Social Origins of Democratic Collapse: The First Portuguese Republic in the Global Economy. Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1989.

   ■ Serrão, Joel. Liberalismo, socialismo e republicanismo. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Silva, Antônio Maria da. O Meu Depoimento, 2 vols. Mem Martins, 1978-82.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. O Poder e a guerra, 1914-1918. Lisbon: Estampa, 1996.

   ■, and Antônio Costa Pinto, eds. A Primeira República Portuguesa: Entre O Liberalismo E O Autoritarismo. Lisbon: Ed. Colibri, 2000.

   ■ Telo, Antônio José. Decadência E Queda Da I República Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1980-84.

   ■ Torre (Gomez), Hipôlito dela, and J. Sanchez Cervello. Portugal En El Siglo XX. Madrid: Ediciones Istmo: Colecciôn La Historia en sus textos, 1992.

   ■ Valente, Vasco Pulido. "A República e as classes trabalhadores (Outubro 1910-Agosto 1911)." Análise Social IX, 31 (1972): 293-316.

   ■. O Poder e o Povo: A Revolução de 1910. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Veríssimo Serrao, Joaquim. História De Portugal. Volume XI: A Primeira República ( 1910-1926): História Política, Religiosa, Militar e Ultramarina. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■. História De Portugal Volume XII: História Diplomática, Social, Económica e Cultural. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Vincent-Smith, John. "Britain and Portugal, 1910-1916." Ph.D. dissertation, History, University of London, 1971.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Portuguese Revolution of 1910." Journal of Modern History 44 (June 1972): 172-94.

   ■. Republican Portugal: A Political History, 1910-1926. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978.

   ■. "Nightmare Republic: Portugal, 1910-1926." History Today (London) 32 (September 1981): 5-10.

   ■ Young, George. Portugal Old and Young: An Historical Study. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1917.

   ■ Authoritarian Portugal (1926-74)

   ■ Afonso, Rui. Injustiça: O Caso Sousa Mendes. Lisbon: Caminho, 1990.

   ■. Um Homem Bom: Aristides De Sousa Mendes, O " Wallenberg Portuguese' Lisbon: Caminho, 1995.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. Os Americanos E Portugal. Vol. 1. Os anos de Ricard Nixon, 1969-1974. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. Os Americanos e Portugal. 1961. Kennedy e Salazar: O Leão e a Raposa. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■. Salazar/Caetano. Cartas Secretas. 1932-1968. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1993.

   ■. Jorge Jardim: Agente Secreto. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1996.

   ■. Portugal na guerra do petróleo: Os Açores E As Vitórias de Israel 1973. Lisbon: Edeline, 2000. Aquino, Acácio Tómas de. O Segredo das Prisões Atlânticas. Lisbon, 1978. Araquistain, Luis. "Dictatorship in Portugal." Foreign Affairs 7 (October 1928): 41-53.

   ■ Assac, Jacques Ploncard. Salazar. Paris: La Table Ronde, 1967.

   ■ Baklanoff, Eric N. "The Political Economy of Portugal's Old Regime: Growth and Change Preceding the 1974 Revolution." World Development 7, 8-9 (August-September 1979): 799-812.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Blume, Norman. "SEDES: An Example of Opposition in a Conservative Authoritarian State." Government and Opposition 12 (Summer 1977): 351-66.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. A origem da democracia-cristã em Portugal e o Sala-zarismo. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■. "Notas para uma caracterização política do salazarismo." In Gabinete de Investigações Sociais. Análise Social: A Formação de Portugal Contemporâneo: 1900-1980. Vol. I, 72-74 (April-December 1981): 773-94.

   ■. "O Integralismo nas origens do Salazarismo." Análise Social XVIII (1982): 1409-19.

   ■. "A Oposição Eleitoral ao Salazarismo." Revista de História das Ideias V (1983).

   ■. Monárquicos e Republicanos no Estado Novo. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Sobre o fascismo e o seu avento em Portugal." Análise Social XII, 48 (1976), 873-915.

   ■ Caetano, Marcello. A Missão Dos Dirigentes. Lisbon, 1966, 4th ed.

   ■. Depoimento. São Paulo, 1974.

   ■. História Breve das Constituições Portugueses. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. As Minhas Memórias de Salazar. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Campinos, Jorge. A Ditadura Militar, 1926-1933. Lisbon, 1975. Carrilho, Maria. Forças Armadas e Mudança Política em Portugal no Século XX. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■, et al. Portugal na Segunda Guerra Mundial Contributos para uma reavaliação. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Carvalho, Otelo Saraiva de. Alvorada em Abril. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Castanheira, Jose Pedro and Valdemar Cruz. A Filha Rebelde. Lisbon: Temas & Debates, 2003.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antônio, et al. O Fascismo Em Portugal [Proceedings of Conference, Lisbon, March 1980]. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■. 'The Radical Right and the Military Dictatorship in Portugal: The National May 28 League (1928-1933)." Luso-Brazilian Review 23, 1 (Summer 1986): 1-15.

   ■. "O Salazarismo No Recente Investigação Sobre o Fascismo Europeu...." Análise Social XXV (1990): 695-713.

   ■. As camisas azuis: Ideologias, elites e movimentos fascistas em Portugal, 1914-1945. Lisbon: Estampa, 1994.

   ■. Salazar's Dictatorship and European Fascism: Problems of Interpretation. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995.

   ■. The Blue Shirts: Portuguese Fascists and the New State. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.

   ■ Delgado, Humberto. The Memoirs of General Delgado. London: Cassell, 1964.

   ■. Memórias De Humberto Delgado. Iva Delgado and Antônio de Figueiredo, eds. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1991.

   ■ Duarte Silva, A. E., et al. Salazar E O Salazarismo. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Egerton, F. C. C. Salazar, Rebuilder of Portugal. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1943.

   ■ Ferraz, Artur Ivens. A Asenção de Salazar: Memórias de Ivens Ferraz. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■ Ferro, Antônio. Salazar: O Homem E A Sua Obra. Lisbon, 1933. English edition: Salazar: Portugal and Her Leader. London: Faber & Faber, 1939, and editions in other languages.

   ■. Portugal: Breviário Da Pátria Para Os Ausentes. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Figueiredo, Antônio. Portugal and Its Empire: The Truth. London: Gollancz, 1961.

   ■. "The Case Against Portugal." In Philip Mason, ed., Angola: A Symposium. Views of a Revolt, 46-57. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962.

   ■. Portugal. Fifty Years of Dictatorship. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1975.

   ■ Fox, Ralph. Portugal Now. London, 1937.

   ■ Freitas do Amaral, Diogo. O Antigo Regime E A Revolução. Memórias Políticas ( 1941-1975). Lisbon: Bertrand, 1995.

   ■ Fryer, Peter, and Patricia McGowan Pinheiro. Oldest Ally: A Portrait of Sala-zar's Portugal. London: Dobson, 1961.

   ■ Gallagher, Tom. "Controlled Repression in Salazar's Portugal." Journal of Contemporary History 14, 3 (July 1979): 385-403.

   ■. "The Mystery Train: Portugal's Military Dictatorship 1926-32." European Studies Review 11 (1981): 325-54.

   ■. "From Hegemony to Opposition: The Ultraright Before and After 1974." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 81-103. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. Portugal: A Twentieth Century Interpretation. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1983.

   ■ Galvão, Henrique. Santa Maria: My Crusade for Portugal. London: Weiden-feld and Nicholson, 1961.

   ■. Carta Aberta ao Dr. Salazar. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Gamier, Christine. Vacances avec Salazar. Paris, 1952; American edition: Salazar in Portugal: An Intimate Portrait. New York, 1954. Georgel, Jacques. O Salazarismo. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Gouveia, Fernando. Memórias de um Inspector da PIDE. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. "Portugal: The Bureaucracy of Empire." LADAC Occasional Papers series 2, 9 (1973). Austin, Tex.: Institute of Latin American Studies.

   ■. Portugal: The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.

   ■. "The Military in Politics: The Politicization of the Portuguese Armed Forces." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 221-56. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■, and Harry M. Makler, eds. Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Guyomard, George. La Dictature Militaire au Portugal. Paris, 1927.

   ■ Janeiro, Helena Pinto. Salazar E Pétain. Relações Luso-Francesas Durante A II Guerra Mundial ( 1940-44). Lisbon: Cosmos, 1998.

   ■ Kay, Hugh. "A Catholic View." In Philip Mason, ed., Angola: A Symposium. Views of a Revolt, 80-103. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962.

   ■. Salazar and Modern Portugal. New York: Hawthorne, 1970.

   ■ Leeds, Elizabeth. "Labor Export, Development and the State: The Political Economy of Portuguese Emigration." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1984.

   ■ Lewis, Paul H. "Salazar's Ministerial Elite, 1932-1968."Journal of Politics 40 (August 1987): 622-47.

   ■ Lins, Alvaro. Missão em Portugal. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Linz, Juan. "Foreword." In L. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, xii-xi. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Lucena, Manuel. A evolução do sistema corporativo português, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. "The Evolution of Portuguese Corporatism under Salazar and Caetano." In L. Graham and H. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 47-88. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ McCarthy, Mary. "Letter from Lisbon." The New Yorker XXX, 51 (February 5, 1955): 80-96.

   ■ Magalhães Godinho, Vitorino. O Socialismo e o Futuro da Peninsula. Lisbon, 1969.

   ■ Makler, Harry M. A " Elite" Industrial Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1969.

   ■. "The Portuguese Industrial Elite and Its Corporative Relations." Economic Development and Cultural Change 24, 3 (April 1976): 495-526.

   ■ Martins, Hermínio. "Opposition in Portugal." Government and Opposition 4 (Spring 1969): 250-63.

   ■. "Portugal." In S. J. Woolf, ed., European Fascism, 302-36. New York: Vintage, 1969.

   ■. "Introduction: Tristes durées." In R. Feijô, H. Martins and J. de Pina-Cabral, eds., Death in Portugal: Studies in Portuguese Anthropology and Modern History. Oxford: Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford, 1983.

   ■ Medina, João. Salazar em França. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. Salazar E Os Fascistas: Salazarismo e Nacional-Sindicalismo: A história dum conflito 1932/1935. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■. Ditadura: O " Estado Novo," 2 vols., in his História Contemporânea De Portugal. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Ministério dos Negôcios Estrangeiros, ed. Dez Anos de Política Externa ( 1936-1947): A Nação Portuguesa e a Segunda Guerra Mundial, 12 vols., and in progress. Lisbon, 1964.

   ■ Mônica, Maria Filomena. Educação e Sociedade no Portugal de Salazar. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Nogueira, Alberto Franco. Salazar, 6 vols. Coimbra and Oporto, 1978-85.

   ■. História de Portugal, 1933-1974: II Supplemento. Oporto, 1981.

   ■. Um político confessa-se ( Diário: 1960-1968), 3rd ed. Oporto, 1987.

   ■ Oliveira, César. Portugal e a II República de Espanha, 1931-l 936. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■. Salazar E A Guerra Civil De Espanha, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■. Os Anos Decisivos: Portugal 1962-1985. Um testemunho. Lisbon: Presença, 1993.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. A Maçonaria Portuguesa e o Estado Novo. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. History of Portugal; 1 in 2 vols. New York: Columbia University Press, 1976 ed.

   ■. A Liga de Paris E A Ditadura Militar, 1927-1928. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. História de Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon: 1980 and later eds.

   ■, ed. A Literatura Clandestina Em Portugal, 1926-1932, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Patriarca, Fátima. A Questaão Social no Salazarismo. Vol. 1. Lisbon: INCM, 1995.

   ■. Sindicatos contra Salazar: A revolta do 18 de janeiro de 1934. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 2000. Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.

   ■ Payne, Stanley G. A History of Spain and Portugal. Volume 2. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1973.

   ■. "Salazarism: 'Fascism' or 'Bureaucratic Authoritarianism'?" In Estudos de história portuguesa: Homenagem à A. H. de Oliveira Marques. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Pereira, José Pacheco. Conflitos sociais nos campos do sul de Portugal. Mem Martins, 1978.

   ■. A Preparação Ideológica da Intervenção Militar de 28 de Maio de 1926. Oporto, 1978.

   ■. "Problemas da história do P. C. P." In A. Costa Pinto et al., eds., O Fascismo Em Portugal [Proceedings of Conference, University of Lisbon, March 1980], 269-85. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Pimentel, Irene Flunser. Judeus em Portugal durante a II Guerra Mundial. Em fuga de Hitler e do Holocausto. Lisbon: Esfera dos Livros, 2006.

   ■ Pires, José Cardoso. Dinossauro Excelentíssimo. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm, 1977.

   ■ Presidência do Conselho de Ministros. Comissão do Livro Negro Sobre o Regime Fascista ["Black Book" series]. Eleições No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■. A Política De Informação No Regime Fascista, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■. Livros Proibidos No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■. Presos Políticos No Regime Fascista, 5 vols. Lisbon, 1981-87.

   ■. Relatórios Para Oliveira Salazar, 1931-1939. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■. Discriminação Política No Emprego No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■. Proibição Da " Time" No Regime Fascista [ Time magazine July 23, 1946, with Dr. Salazar on cover]. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■. Os Estudantes No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. Trabalho, Sindicatos E Greves No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Correspondência Entre Mário De Figueiredo E Oliveira Salazar. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. Repressão Política E Social No Regime Fascista. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. Correspondência de Pedro Teotónio Pereira para Oliveira Salazar vol. 1 ( 1931-1939), 2 vols. Lisbon, 1987-89.

   ■ Queiroga, Captain Fernando. Portugal Oprimido. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Raby, David L. "Populism and the Portuguese Left: From Delgado to Otelo." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 61-80. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. Fascism and Resistance in Portugal: Communists, Liberals and the Military Dissidents in the Opposition to Salazar, 1941-1974. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1988.

   ■ Raby, Dawn Linda. "The Portuguese Presidential Election of 1949: A Successful Government Maneuver?" Luso-Brazilian Review 27, 1 (Summer 1990): 63-77.

   ■ Rêgo, Raúl. Diário Político. Lisbon, 1969; 1974, 2nd ed.

   ■. Horizontes Fechados. Oporto, 1970.

   ■. Horizontes Fechados/ Páginas de Política, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Ribeiro, Aquilino. Volfrâmio. Lisbon, 1944.

   ■. Quando os Lobos Uivam. Lisbon, 1958; English ed. Patricia McGowan

   ■ Pinheiro, trans. London: Cape, 1963.

   ■ Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London and Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rocha, José Antônio De Oliveira. The Portuguese Administrative State. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, University of South Carolina, 1986.

   ■ Rosa, Frederico Delgado. Humberto Delgado. Biografia Do General Sem Medo. Lisbon: Esfera dos Livros, 2008. Rosas, Fernando. O Estado Novo Nos Anos Trinta: 1928-1938. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. O Salazarismo E A Aliança Luso-Britânica. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■. Portugal Entre A Paz E A Guerra... 1939-1945. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■. O Estado Novo ( 1926-1974). Vol. VII of José Mattoso, ed. Historia De

   ■ Portugal. Lisbon: Edit. Estampa, 1994.

   ■. and Pedro Aires Oliveira (eds.). A Transicao Falhada. O Marcelismo e o Fim do Estado Novo ( 1968-1974). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.

   ■ Rudel, Christian. Salazar. Paris: Mercure de France, 1969.

   ■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Uma Tentativa de Participação política. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■. A Liberalização bloqueada. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■. Vale a Pena ser Deputado? Fundão, 1973.

   ■ Salazar, Antônio de Oliveira. Discursos E Notas Políticas. [Speeches, Broadcasts, Notes and Statements, 1928-1966, 6 vols. Coimbra, 1935-1966]. Several editions.

   ■. Doctrine and Action: Internal and Foreign Policy of the New Portugal, I928-1939. Robert Edgar Broughton, trans. London: Faber & Faber, 1939.

   ■. "Realities and Trends of Portugal's Policies." International Affairs XXXIX, 2 (April 1963): 169-83.

   ■. The Road for the Future [Speeches, statements of policy made during 1928-62]. Lisbon, 1963.

   ■. Entrevistas: 1960-1966 [interviews]. Coimbra, 1967.

   ■. Salazar: Pensamento e doutrina política. Textos anthológicos. [Anthology of speeches, writings, interviews granted, 1914-68]. Mendo C. Henriques and Gonçalo de Sampaio e Melo, eds. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Santana, Emilio. Historia de um Atentado. O atentado contra Salazar. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Schmitter, Philippe C. Corporatism and Public Policy in Authoritarian Portugal. London: Sage, 1975.

   ■. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (Nov. 1975): 5-33.

   ■. "The Impact and Meaning of Elections in Authoritarian Portugal, 1933-74." In G. Hermet et al., eds., Elections Without Choice. Basingstoke, U.K.: Macmillan, 1978.

   ■. "'The 'Regime d'exception' That Became the Rule: Forty-Eight Years of Authoritarian Domination in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Mak-ler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 3-46. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■, and Gerhard Lehmbruch, eds. Trends towards Corporatist Intermediation. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1979.

   ■ Shelton, Richard L. "Development of the Communist Party of Portugal, 1921-1976." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, St. Louis University, 1984.

   ■ Silva, José. Memórias de um operário. Vol. 2. Oporto, 1971. Soares, Mário. Escritos Políticos. Lisbon, 1969.

   ■. Portugal Bailloné. Paris, 1972; Portuguese edition: Portugal Amordaçado, Lisbon, 1974; English edition: Portugal's Struggle for Liberty. Translated by Mary Gawsworth. London: Allen & Unwin, 1975.

   ■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974; English edition: Johannesburg: Perskor, 1974.

   ■ Teixeira, Luis [Sampaio]. Perfil de Salazar. Lisbon, 1938.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. "From Neutrality to Alignment: Portugal in the Foundation of the Atlantic Pact." EUI: Working Papers in History. Florence, Italy: European University Institute, 1991.

   ■ Telo, Antônio José. Portugal na Segunda Guerra. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■. A Neutralidade Portuguesa e o Ouro Nazi. Lisbon: Quetzal, 2000.

   ■ Teotônio Pereira, Pedro. Memórias, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1972-73.

   ■ Vasco, Nuno. Vigiados e perseguidos. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Veríssimo, Serrão. Marcelo Caetano: Confidencias No Exílio. Lisbon, 1985. Vintras, R. E. The Portuguese Connection: The Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman & Turner, 1974. West, S. George. The New Corporative State of Portugal [Inaugural lecture, King's College, London, Feb. 1937]. London: New Temple Press, 1937. Wheeler, Douglas L. "Thaw in Portugal." Foreign Affairs 48, 4 (July 1970): 769-81.

   ■. "Days of Wine and Carnations: The Portuguese Revolution of [April 25] 1974." Bulletin. New Hampshire Council on World Affairs XX (July 1974): 1-10.

   ■. "Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970)." In Jacques Frémontier, ed., Les Hommes d'Siecle XX: Les Dictateurs. Paris: Mazenod, 1978.

   ■. "The Military and the Portuguese Dictatorship, 1926- 1974." In S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 191-219. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■. "In the Service of Order: The Portuguese Dictatorship's Political Police (PVDE; PIDE) and the British, German and Spanish Intelligence [Services]." Journal of Contemporary History 24, 2 (January 1983): 1-25.

   ■. Republican Portugal: A Political History, 1910-1926. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978. Portuguese edition: História Política de Portugal, 1910-l926. Mem Martins, 1985.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review [two part article] 12, 1-2 (Summer 1986; Winter 1986): 107-27.

   ■. A Ditadura Militar Portuguesa, 1926-1933. Mem Martins, 1988.

   ■. "The Third Pig: From Theory to Grubby Fact in Reassessing the Estado Novo." In B. F. Taggie and R. W. Clement, eds., Iberia & the Mediterranean, 145-68. Warrensburg: Central Missouri State Press, 1989.

   ■. "And Who Is My Neighbor? A World War II Hero of Conscience for Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review 26, 1 (Summer 1989): 119-39.

   ■. "Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970)." In Research Guide to European Historical Biography. Vol. 3. Washington, D.C.: Beacham, 1992.

   ■. "'Estado Presente de tranquilidade,' posto em causa: Portugal observado e analisado no contexto internacional de 1958-59." In Iva Delgado, Carlos Pacheco, and Telmo Faria, eds., Humberto Delgado: As eleições de 58, 448-71. Lisbon: Vega, 1998.

   ■, and René Pélissier. Angola. New York: Praeger and London: Pall Mall, 1971; reprinted: Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1977.

   ■ Wiarda, Howard J. "Toward a Framework for the Study of Political Change in Iberic-Latin Tradition: The Corporative Model." World Politics 25 (January 1973): 206-35.

   ■. Corporatism and Development: The Portuguese Experience. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1977.

   ■. "The Corporatist Tradition and the Corporative System in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal. The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 89-122. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ World War II and Portugal

   ■ Afonso, Rui. Um Homem Bom. Aristides De Sousa Mendes O " Wallenberg Portugues." Lisbon: Caminho, 1995.

   ■. Injustica-o Caso Sousa Mendes. Lisbon: Caminho, 1990.

   ■ Agudo, Manuel Ros. La Guerra Secreta de Franco ( 1939-1945). Barcelona, 2002.

   ■ Anon., Fugindo a Hitler e a Salazar e ao Holocausto-Refugiados em Portugal entre 1933-1945. Lisbon: Soc. Tipografica, 1994.

   ■ Barreiros, Jose Antonio. A Lusitania Dos Espioes. Lisbon: Hugin, 1995.

   ■. O Espiao Alemao Em Goa. Operacao Long Shanks, 1943. Lisbon, 2001.

   ■ Beevor, J. G. SOE. Recollections and Reflections 1940-45. London, 1981. Bloch, Michael. Operation Willi: The Plot to Kidnap the Duke of Windsor July 1940. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1984. Carrilho, Maria et. al., Portugal Na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Contributos para uma reavaliacao. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1989. Cole, Robert. Britain and the War of Words in Neutral Europe, 1939-45. New York: St. Martin's, 1990. Colvin, Ian. Flight 777. London: Evans, 1957. Dias, Mariana Tavares. Lisboa nos Anos 40. Lisbon: Quimera, 1997. Eizenstadt, Stuart E. Coord. U.S. and Allied Efforts to Recover and Restore Gold and Other Assets Stolen or Hidden by Germany during World War II. New York, 2001.

   ■ Fralon, Jose-Alain. A Good Man in Evil Times. The Story of Aristides De Sousa Mendes: The Man Who Saved the Lives of Countless Refugees in World War II. New York: Carroll & Graf, 2001.

   ■ Giraudoux, Jean. Portugal. Paris: Grasset, 1958.

   ■ Johns, Philip. Within Two Cloaks. Missions With SIS and SOE. London, 1979.

   ■ Koestler, Arthur. Arrival and Departure. London, 1943.

   ■ Leitz, Christian. Sympathy for the Devil: Neutral Portugal and Nazi Germany in World War II. New York, 2001.

   ■ Louca, Antonio. Hitler e Salazar. Comercio em tempos de Guerra 1940-1944. Lisbon, 2000.

   ■ Luca, Antonio. "Portugal's Double Game: Between the Nazis and the Allies." In Avi Beker, ed., The Plunder of Jewish Property during the Holocaust. Confronting European History. New York, 2001. MacIntyre, Ben. Agent Zigzag. New York: Harmony, 2007. Martins, Maria Joao. O Paraiso Triste. O Quotidiano em Lisboa durante a II Grande Guerra. Lisbon: Vega, 1994. Masterman, J.C. The Double-Cross System in the War of 1939 to 1945. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1972. Muggeridge, Malcolm. Chronicles of Wasted Time. Chronicle 2: The Infernal Grove. New York: William Morrow, 1974.

   ■ Nery, Julia. O Consul. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1991.

   ■ Pimentel, Irene Flunser. Judeus em Portugal na Segunda Guerra Mundial. Lisbon, 2006.

   ■ Popov, Dusko. Spy/ Counterspy. London, 1974.

   ■ Prokosch, Frederick. The Conspirators. New York, 1943.

   ■ Remarque, Erich Maria. The Night in Lisbon. New York, 1966.

   ■ Ribeiro, Aquilino. Volfarmio Romance. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1943.

   ■ Rosas, Fernando. Portugal entre a Paz e a Guerra. Lisbon: Estampa, 1990.

   ■ Saint-Exupery, Antoine. Wartime Writings, 1939-1944. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1986.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano, ed. Portugal E A Guerra. Historia das Intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais seculos XIX e XX. Lisbon: Colibri, 1998.

   ■ Telo, Antonio Jose. Propagandal E Guerra Secreta Em Portugal 1939-45. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■. Portugal na Segunda Guerra ( 1941-1945), 2 vols. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■. Os Acores E O Controlo Do Atlantico ( 1898/ 1948). Lisbon: Ed. Asa, 1993.

   ■. A neutralidade portuguesa e o ouro nazi. Lisbon, 2000.

   ■ Vintras, R.E. The Portuguese Connection: The Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman and Turner, 1974. Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Age Old Business of Espionage." 1987 World Book Year Book. Chicago, 1987.

   ■. "'In the Service of Order.' The Portuguese Political Police and the British, Germany and Spanish Intelligence [Services]." Journal of Contemporary History 36: no. 3 (Jan. 1983), 1-25.

   ■. "And Who is My Neighbor? A World War II Hero of Conscience for Portugal." Luso-Brazilian Review 23 (no. 2) (Summer 1989), 119-39.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question, and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, WI), 23 (nos.1, 2) (Summer, 1986; Winter, 1986). 97-111; 108-127.

   ■. "Last of the Great Air Mysteries of the War [World War II]." Bridport and Lyme Regis Gazette (Dorset, U.K.), June 5, 2003, 24-25.

   ■. "Leslie Howard Helped Win World War II," St. Louis Post-Dispatch (St. Louis, Mo.), April 3, 5, 2005.

   ■ Wilson, Robert. A Small Death in Lisbon. London, 2000.

   ■. The Company Of Strangers. San Diego, 2002.

   ■ Wylie, Neville. "An Amateur Learns His Job? Special Operations Executive in Portugal, 1940-42." Journal of Contemporary History. 36: no. 3 (2001), 441-57.

   ■ The Military

   ■ Ferreira Martins, General. Historia do Exercito Portugues. Lisbon: Inquerito, 1945.

   ■ Kaulza de Arriaga, General. Guerra e Politica. Em nome da verdade. Os anos decisivos. Lisbon: Referendo, 1987.

   ■ Medeiros Ferreira, Jose. O Comportamento Politico dos Militares, Forcas Armadas e Regimes Politicos em Portugal no seculo XX. Lisbon: Estampa, 1992.

   ■ Pereira Marques, Fernando. Exercito e Sociedade em Portugal. No Declinio do Antigo Regime e advento do Liberalismo. Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1981.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm, 1977.

   ■ Ribeiro Dos Santos, Antonio Pedro. O Estado E A Order Publica. As Institui-coes Militares Portuguesas. Lisbon: Instituto Superior De Ciencias Sociais E Politicas, 1999.

   ■ Saraiva de Carvalho, Otelo. Alvorada em Abril. Amadora (Portugal): Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Selvagem, Carlos. Portugal Militar. Compendio de Historia Militar e Naval de Portugal. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional, 1931.

   ■ Spinola, Antonio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon: Arcadia, 1974.

   ■. Pais Sem Rumo. Contributo para a historia de uma Revolucao. Lisbon: Scire, 1978.

   ■ Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. Portugal e a Guerra. Historia das intervencoes militares portuguesas nos grandes conflitos mundiais do seculo XX. Lisbon: Ed. Colibri, 1999.

   ■. Coord., Nova Historia Militar de Portugal, 5 vols. Lisbon: Circulo de Leitores, 2003-.

   ■ Valente, Vasco Pulido. O Poder e o Povo. A Revolucao de 1910. Lisbon: Moraes, 1976, 1982.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. Republican Portugal: A Political History ( 1910-1926). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1978, 1998.

   ■. A Ditadura Militar Portuguesa ( 1926-1933). Mem Martins: Europa- America, 1988.

   ■. "The Military and the Portuguese Dictatorship, 1926-1974: "The Honor of the Army." In Lawrence S. Graham and Harry M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. 191-219. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Government and Politics since 1974

   ■ Aguiar, Joaquim. "Hidden Fluidity in an Ultra-Stable Party System." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 101-27. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel, ed. Sistema Eleitoral Portugües: Debate Político e Parlamentar. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional/ Casa da Moeda, 1998.

   ■, ed. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." In Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer, 2000): 1-404.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Bruneau, Thomas C., ed. Political Parties and Democracy in Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1997. Carlucci, Frank. "Confiei no Povo Portugues." Visao (Lisbon), April 10, 1997, 46-47.

   ■. "The View from the U.S. Embassy." In Hans Binnendijk, ed., Authoritarian Regimes in Transition. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of State, Foreign Service Institute, Center for the Study of Foreign Affairs, 1987.

   ■ Coelho, Mário Baptista, ed. Portugal. O Sistema Política a Constitucional, 1974-87. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, UNL, 1989.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antonio. "Settling Accounts with the Past in a Troubled Transition to Democracy: The Portuguese Case." In Alexandra Barahona De Brito, Carmen Gonzalez-Enriquez, and Paloma Aguilar, eds., The Politics of Memory: Transitional Justice in Democratizing Societies, 65-91. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

   ■ Cruzeiro, Maria Manuela. Costa Gomes-o Ultimo Marechal. Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 1998.

   ■ Domingos, Emídio Da Veiga. Portugal Político. Análise das Instituiçoes. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Goldey, David. "Elections and the Consolidation of Portuguese Democracy: 1974-1983." Electoral Studies 2, 3 (1983): 229-40.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. "Institutionalizing Democracy: Governance in Post-1974 Portugal." In Ali Farazmand, ed., Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration, 81-90. New York: Dekker, 1991.

   ■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Gunther, Richard. "Spain and Portugal." In G. A. Dorfman and P. J. Duignan, eds., Politics in Western Europe, 186-236. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1988.

   ■ Magone, José Maria. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. Basingstoke, U.K.: Macmillan, 1997.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

   ■, ed. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth R., and Scott C. Monje, eds. Portugal: The Constitution and the Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-1989. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Camões Center Special Report No. 2, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■ Opello, Walter C., Jr. "The New Parliament in Portugal." Legislative Studies Quarterly, 3 (May 1978): 309-334.

   ■. "Local Government and Political Culture in a Portuguese Rural County." Comparative Politics 13 (April 1981): 271-89.

   ■. "Portugal's Administrative Elite: Social Origins and Political Attitudes." West European Politics 6 (Jan. 1983): 63-74.

   ■. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.

   ■ Pinto Balsemão, Francisco. "The Constitution and Politics: Options for the Future." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 197-232. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Sartori, Giovanni. "Portugal." In Sartori, G, ed., Parties and Party Systems. Vol. 1, 131-45. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Secretary of State for Mass Communications. Constitution of the Portuguese Republic [1976]. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Contemporary Portugal since 1974

   ■ Aguiar, Joaquim. A Ilusão do poder: Analise do Sistema Partidário, 19761982. Lisbon, 1983. Almeida, Diniz de. Orígens e Evolução do Movimento dos Capitães. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. Ascensao, Apogeu e Queda do MFA, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Alves, Márcio Moreira. Les Soldats Socialistes du Portugal. Paris: Gallimard, 1975.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. Sá Carneiro: Um Meteoro Nos Anos Setenta. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■. O Segredo do 25 de Novembro. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■ Arouca, Manuel. Os Filhos Da Costa Do Sol. Mem Martins, 1989. Audibert, Pierre, and Daniel Brignon. Portugal: Les nouveaux centurions. Paris, 1974.

   ■ Baptista, Jacinto. Caminhos para uma revolução. Lisbon, 1975. Barreto, Antônio. Memórias da Reforma Agrária. Mem Martins: Europa-Amé-rica, 1983.

   ■, and C. V. Preto, eds. A Situação Social em Portugal, 1960-1996. Lisbon: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 1996.

   ■ Bermeo, Nancy Gina. "Worker Management in Industry: Reconciling Representative Government and Industrial Democracy in a Polarized Society." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 181-98. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. The Revolution within the Revolution: Workers' Control in Rural Portugal. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■ Braeckman, Colette. Portugal: Revolution surveilée. Brussels: Rossei, 1975.

   ■ Braga da Cruz, Manuel. "O Presidente da República na génese e evolução do sistema de governor portugües." Análise social XXIX, 125-26 (1994): 237-65.

   ■, coord. "Portugal Político 25 Anos Depois." Análise Social XXXV, 154/155 (Summer 2000): 1-404. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Popular Support for Democracy in Post-revolutionary Portugal: Results from a Survey." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 21-42. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. Politics and Nationhood: Post-Revolutionary Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1984.

   ■. "Portugal Fifteen Years after the April Revolution." Field Staff Reports ( 1989-90/ No. 1, Europe), 3-11. Indianapolis, Ind.: Universities Field Staff International, 1990.

   ■, and Alex Macleod. Politics in Contemporary Portugal: Parties and the Consolidation of Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1986.

   ■ Carvalho, Ortelo Saraiva de. Cinco Meses Mudaram Portugal. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Alvorada em Abril. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Cid, Augusto. PREC-Processo Revolucionário Eventualmente Chocante. Viseu, 1977.

   ■ Costa Lobo, Marina, and Pedro C. Magalhaes. "From 'Third Wave' to 'Third Way': Europe and the Portuguese Socialists (1975-1999)," Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans 3, no. 1 (2001), 25-35.

   ■ Costa Pinto, Antônio, ed. Modern Portugal. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■, and Nuno Severiano Teixeira, eds. Southern Europe and the Making of the European Union. New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 2002.

   ■ Cunhal, Alvaro. A Revolução Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone. Portugal's Secret Jews: The End of an Era. Rumford, R.I.: Peregrinação Publications, 1999.

   ■ Downs, Charles. "Comissões de Moradores and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 4 (1986): 267-94.

   ■. Revolution at the Grassroots: Community Organizations in the Portuguese Revolution. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.

   ■ Dufour, Jean-Marc. Prague sur Tage. Paris, 1975.

   ■ Durão Barroso, José. Le systémepolitiqueportugais face à l'intégration euro-péenne. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Eisfeid, Rainer. "Portugal: What Role/What Future?" In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution. New York: RIIC, Columbia University, 1984.

   ■. Sozialistischer Pluralismus in Europa: Ansãtze und Scheitern am Beispiel Portugal. Cologne: Verlag Wissenchaft ünd Politik, 1985.

   ■. "Portugal and Western Europe." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 29-62. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Farinha, Luis. "Regresso a Europa. Uma opcao feliz." Historia. XXIX; 95, III series (March 2007), 23-33.

   ■ Faye, Jean-Pierre, ed. Portugal: The Revolution in the Labyrinth. Nottingham, U.K.: Spokesman, 1976. Ferreira, Hugo Gil, and Michael W. Marshall. Portugal's Revolution: Ten Years On. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. Figueira, João Costa. Cavaco Silva: Homem de Estado. Lisbon, 1987. Filoche, Gérard. Printemps Portugais. Paris: Editions Action, 1984. Frémontier, Jacques. Os Pontos nos ii. Lisbon, 1976. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. 25 de Abril-10 anos depois. Lisbon, 1984. Futscher Pereira, Bernardo. "Portugal and Spain." In K. Maxwell, ed. Portugal in the 1980s, 63-87. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Gama, Jaime. Política Externa Portuguesa 1983-85: Ministério dos Negôcios Estrangeiros. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. "Preface." In J. Calvet de Magalhães, A. de Vasconcelos, and J. Ramos Silva, eds., Portugal: An Atlantic Paradox, 9-11. Lisbon, 1990. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino. As Eleições De 25 De Abril: Geografia E Imagem Dos Partidos. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. "10 Anos de Democracia: Reflexos na geografia política." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opelio, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal 1974-1984/ Conflitos e Mudanças em Portugal, 1974-1984, 135-55. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■, et al. As Eleições para assembleia da república, 1979-1983: Estudos de geografia eleitoral. Lisbon, 1984. Gaspar, Jorge, and Nuno Vitorino, eds. Portugal em mapas e em números. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Giaccone, Fausto. Una Storia Portoghese/ Uma História Portuguesa. Palermo: Randazzo Focus, 1987.

   ■ Gladdish, Ken. "Portugal: An Open Verdict." In Geoffrey Pridham, ed. Securing Democracy: Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in Southern Europe, 104-25. London and New York: Routledge, 1990.

   ■ Graham, Lawrence S. The Decline and Collapse of an Authoritarian Order. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1975.

   ■, and Harry M. Makler, eds. Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■, and Douglas L. Wheeler, eds. In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Grayson, George W. "Portugal and the Armed Forces Movement." Orbis XIX, 2 (Summer 1975): 335-78.

   ■ Green, Gil. Portugal's Revolution. New York: International, 1976.

   ■ Hammond, John L. Building Popular Power: Workers' and Neighborhood Movements in the Portuguese Revolution. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1988.

   ■ Harsgor, Michael. Naissance d'un Nouveau Portugal. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1975.

   ■. Portugal in Revolution. Washington, D.C.: CSIS and Sage, 1976.

   ■ Harvey, Robert. Portugal, Birth of a Democracy. London: Macmillan, 1978.

   ■ Herr, Richard, ed. Portugal: The Long Road to Democracy and Europe. Berkeley, Calif.: International and Area Studies, 1992.

   ■ Insight Team of the Sunday [London] Times. Insight on Portugal: The Year of the Captains. London: Deutsch, 1975.

   ■ Janitschek, Hans. Mario Soares: Portrait of a Hero. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985.

   ■ Keefe, Eugene K., et al. Area Handbook for Portugal, 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Foreign Area Studies of American University, 1977. Kramer, Jane. "A Reporter at Large: The Portuguese Revolution." The New Yorker (Dec. 15, 1975): 92-131.

   ■ Lauré, Jason, and Ettagal Lauré. Jovem Portugal: After the Revolution. New York: Straus, Farrar and Giroux, 1977.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. A New History of Portugal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976.

   ■ Lourenço, Eduardo. Os Militares e O Poder. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. O Fascismo Nunca Existiu. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. "Identidade e Memôria: o caso português." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-l 984, 17-22. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Lucena, Manuel. Evolução e Instituições: A Extinção dos Grémios da Lavoura Alentejanos. Mem Martins, 1984.

   ■. "A herança de duas revoluções." In M. Baptista Coelho, ed., Portugal: O Sistema Político e Constitucional, 1974-87, 505-55. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Macedo, Jorge Braga de, and S. Serfaty. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. New York: Praeger, 1981.

   ■ Magone, José M. European Portugal: The Difficult Road to Sustainable Democracy. New York: St. Martin's, 1997. Mailer, Phil. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution. London: Solidarity, 1977. Manta, João Abel. Cartoons/ 1969-1975. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Manuel, Paul C. Uncertain Outcome: The Politics of Portugal's Transition to Democracy. Lanham, Md. and London: University Press of America, 1994.

   ■ Mateus, Rui. Contos Proibidos. Memorias de Um PS Desconhecido, 3rd ed. Lisbon: Dom Quixote, 1996.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth. "Portugal under Pressure." The New York Review of Books (May 2, 1974).

   ■. "The Hidden Revolution in Portugal." The New York Review of Books (April 17, 1975).

   ■. "The Thorns of the Portuguese Revolution." Foreign Affairs 54, 2 (Jan. 1976): 250-70.

   ■. "The Communists and the Portuguese Revolution." Dissent 27, 2 (Spring 1980): 194-206.

   ■. Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■. The Making of Portuguese Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

   ■, ed. "Portugal: Toward the Twenty-First Century." Camoes Center Quarterly 5, 3-4 (Fall 1995): 6-55.

   ■, ed. The Press and the Rebirth of Iberian Democracy. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1983.

   ■. Portugal Ten Years after the Revolution: Reports of Three Columbia University-Gulbenkian Workshops. New York: Research Institute on International Change, Columbia University, 1984.

   ■ Maxwell, Kenneth, and Michael H. Haltzel, eds. Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.

   ■ Medeiros Ferreira, José. Ensaio Histórico sobre a revolução do 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Medina, João, ed. Portugal De Abril: Do 25 Aos Nossos Dias. In Medina, ed., História Contemporãnea De Portugal. Lisbon, 1985. Merten, Peter. Anarchismus ünd Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libertare, 1981.

   ■ Miranda, Jorge. Constituição e Democracia. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■. A Constituição de 1976. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Morrison, Rodney J. Portugal: Revolutionary Change in an Open Economy. Boston: Auburn House, 1981.

   ■ Mujal-Leôn, Eusebio. "The PCP [Portuguese Communist Party] and the Portuguese Revolution." Problems of Communism 26 (Jan.- Feb. 1977): 21-41.

   ■ Neves, Mário. Missão em Moscovo. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Oliveira, César. M. F. A. e Revolução Socialista. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. Os Anos Decisivos: Portugal 1962-1985. Um testemunho. Lisbon: Presença, 1993.

   ■ Opello, Waiter C., Jr. Portugal's Political Development: A Comparative Approach. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1985.

   ■. Portugal: From Monarchy to Pluralist Democracy. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1991.

   ■ Pell, Senator Claiborne H. Portugal ( Including the Azores and Spain) in Search of New Directions: Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1976.

   ■ Pereira, J. Pacheco. "A Case of Orthodoxy: The Communist Party of Portugal." In Waller and Fenema, eds., Communist Parties in Western Europe: Adaptation or Decline? Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.

   ■ Pilmott, Ben. "Socialism in Portugal: Was It a Revolution?" Government and Opposition 7 (Summer 1977).

   ■. "Were the Soldiers Revolutionary? The Armed Forces Movement in Portugal, 1973-1976." Iberian Studies 7, 1 (1978): 13-21.

   ■, and Jean Seaton. "Political Power and the Portuguese Media." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 43-57. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Porch, Douglas. The Portuguese Armed Forces and the Revolution. London: Croom Helm and Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press, 1977.

   ■ Pouchin, Dominique. Portugal, quelle révolution? Paris, 1976.

   ■ Pulido Valente, Vasco. "E Viva Otelo." In Pulido Valente, V., ed., O País das Maravilhas, 451-54. Lisbon, 1979 [anthology of articles from weekly Lisbon paper, Expresso].

   ■. Estudos Sobre a Crise Nacional. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Rebelo de Sousa, Marcelo. O Sistema de Governo Português antes e depois da Revisão Constitucional, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1981. Rêgo, Raúl. Militares, Clérigos e Paisanos. Lisbon, 1981. Robinson, Richard A. H. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Avelino, Cesário Borga, and Mário Cardoso. O Movemento dos Capitães e o 25 de Abril. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Portugal Depois De Abril. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Ruas, H. B., ed. A Revolução das Flores. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Rudel, Christian. La Liberte couleur d'oeillet. Paris: Fayard, 1980.

   ■ Sa, Tiago Moreira de. Os Americanos na Revolucao Portuguesa ( 1974-1976). Lisbon: Edit. Noticias, 2004.

   ■ Sá Carneiro, Francisco. Por Uma Social-Democracia Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Sanches Osôrio, Helena. Um Só Rosto. Uma Só Fé. Conversas Com Adelino Da Palma Carlos. Lisbon, 1988. Sanches Osôrio, J. The Betrayal of the 25th of April in Portugal. Madrid: Sedmay, 1975.

   ■ Schmitter, Philippe C. "Liberation by Golpe: Retrospective Thoughts on the Demise of Authoritarian Rule in Portugal." Armed Forces and Society 2 (1974): 5-33.

   ■. "An Introduction to Southern European Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and Turkey." In G. O'Donnell,

   ■ P. C. Schmitter, and L. Whitehead, eds., Transitions from Authoritarian Rule, 3-10. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986.

   ■ Silva, Fernando Dioga da. "Uma Administração Envelhecido." Revista da Ad-ministraçao Pública 2 (Oct.-Dec. 1979).

   ■ Simões, Martinho, ed. Relatório Do 25 De Novembro: Texto Integral, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Soares, Isabel, ed. Mário Soares: O homem e o político. Lisbon, 1976. Soares, Mário. Democratização e Descolonização: Dez meses no Governo Provisório. Lisbon, 1975. Sobel, Lester A., ed. Portuguese Revolution, 1974-1976. New York: Facts on File, Inc., 1976.

   ■ Spínola, Antônio de. Portugal e o Futuro. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. País Sem Rumo: Contributo para a História de uma Revolução. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Stock, Maria José. Os Partidos do Poder: Dez Anos Depois do " 25 De Abril." Evora, 1986.

   ■ Story, Jonathan. "Portugal's Revolution of Carnations: Patterns of Change and Continuity." International Affairs 52 (July 1976): 417-34. Sweezey, Paul. "Class Struggles in Portugal." Monthly Review 27, 4 (Sept. 1975): 1-26.

   ■ Szulc, Tad. "Lisbon and Washington: Behind Portugal's Revolution." Foreign Policy 21 (Winter 1975-76): 3-62. Tavares de Almeida, Antônio. Balsemão: O retrato. Lisbon, 1981. "Vasco." Desenhos Políticos. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vasconcelos, Alvaro. "Portugal in Atlantic-Mediterranean Security." In Douglas T. Stuart, ed., Politics and Security in the Southern Region of the Atlantic Alliance, 117-36. London: Macmillan, 1988.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "Golpes militares e golpes literários. A literatura do golpe de 25 de Abril de 1974 em contexto histôrico." Penélope. Fazer E Desfazer A História, 19-20 (1998): 191-212.

   ■. "Tributo ao Historiador dos Historiadores. Memorias de A.H.de Oliveira Marques (1933-2007)," Historia XXIX, 95, III series (March 2007), 18-22.

   ■ Wiarda, Howard J. Transcending Corporatism? The Portuguese Corporative System and the Revolution of 1974. Columbia: Institute of International Studies, University of South Carolina, 1976.

   ■. The Transition to Democracy in Spain and Portugal. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 1989. Wise, Audrey. Eyewitness in Revolutionary Portugal. With a Preface by Judith Hart, MP. London: Spokesman, 1975.

   ■ PHYSICAL FEATURES: GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, FAUNA, AND FLORA

   ■ Birot, Pierre. Le Portugal: Étude de géographie régionale. Paris, 1950.

   ■ Embleton, Clifford. Geomorphology of Europe. London: Macmillan, 1984.

   ■ Girão, Aristides de Amorim. Divisão regional, divisão agrícola e divisão administrativa. Coimbra, 1932.

   ■. Condições geográficos e históricas de autonomia política de Portugal. Coimbra, 1935.

   ■. Atlas de Portugal, 2nd ed. Coimbra, 1958.

   ■ Ribeiro, Orlando. Portugal, O Mediterrâneo e o Altântico. Coimbra, 1945 and later eds.

   ■. Portugal. Volume V of Geografia de Espana y Portugal. Barcelona, 1955.

   ■. Ensaios de Geografia Humana e regio nal. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■. A geografia e a divisão regional do país. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. The Individuality of Portugal. Austin: The University of Texas Press, 1959.

   ■. Portugal's Other Kingdom: The Algarve. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1963.

   ■ Taylor, Albert William. Wild Flowers of Spain and Portugal. London: Chatto & Windus, 1972.

   ■ Way, Ruth, and Margaret Simmons. A Geography of Spain and Portugal. London: Methuen, 1962.

   ■ ARCHAEOLOGY AND PREHISTORY

   ■ "Actas do Colóquio Inter-Universitário do Noroeste Peninsular (Porto-Baião, 1988), vol. II, Proto-História, romanização e Idade Média." In Trabalhos de antropologia e etnologia. 28, 3-4 (1988).

   ■ Alarcão, Jorge de, ed. "Do Paleolítico va arte visigótica." Vol. 1, História da

   ■ Arte em Portugal. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■. Roman Portugal, 3 vols. Warminister, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■. Portugal Das Orígens A Romanização. Vol. I. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História de Portugal. Lisbon: Presença, 1990. Anderson, James M., and M. S. Lea. Portugal 1001 Sights: An Archaeological and Historical Guide. Calgary, Alberta: University of Calgary and Robert Hale, 1994.

   ■ Balmuth, Miriam S., Antonio Gilman, and Lourdes Prados-Torreira, eds. Encounters and Transformations: The Archaeology of Iberia in Transition. Monographs in Mediterranean Archaeology, no. 7. Sheffield, U.K.: Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.

   ■ Beirão, C. M. M. Une civilization protohistorique du Sud au Portugal ( 1er Age du Fer). Paris: D. Boccard, 1986.

   ■ Cardoso, João Luís, Santinho A. Cunha, and Delberto Aguiar. O Homem Pre-Histórico no Concelho de Oeiras. Oeiras, Portugal: Estudos Arquelógicos de Oeiras, 1991.

   ■ Harrison, Richard J. The Bell Beaker Cultures of Spain and Portugal. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1977.

   ■ Mangas, Júlio, ed. Hispania epigraphica. Madrid, 1989.

   ■ Maloney, Stephanie J. "The Villa of Toerre de Palma, Portugal: Archaeology and Preservation." Portuguese Studies Review VIII, 1 (Fall-Winter, 1999-2000): 14-28.

   ■ Savory, H. N. Spain and Portugal: The Prehistory of the Iberian Peninsula. London, 1968.

   ■ Silva, A. C. F. A cultura castreja no Noroeste de Portugal. Paços de Ferreira:

   ■ Museu da Citânia de Sanfins, 1986. Straus, L. G. Iberia before the Iberians. Albuquerque, N.M., 1992.

   ■ FOREIGN TRAVELERS AND RESIDENTS' ACCOUNTS

   ■ Andersen, Hans Christian. A Visit to Portugal 1866. London: Peter Owen, 1972.

   ■ Beckford, William. Italy, with Sketches of Spain and Portugal. Paris: Baudry's European Library, 1834.

   ■. The Journal of William Beckford in Portugal and Spain 1787-1788.

   ■ Boyd Alexander, ed. London: Hart-Davies, 1954.

   ■. Recollections of an Excursion to the Monasteries of Alcoboca and Batalha. Fontwell, U.K.: Centaur Press, 1972.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. In Portugal. London: Bodley Head, 1912.

   ■ Borrow, George. The Bible in Spain, 2 vols. London: Constable, 1923 ed.

   ■ Chaves, Castelo Branco. Os livros de viagens em Portugal no século XVIII e a sua projecção europeia. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Costigan, Arthur William. Sketches of Society and Manners in Portugal. London: T. Vernon, 1787.

   ■ Crawfurd, Oswald. Portugal Old and New. London: Kegan, Paul, 1880.

   ■. Round the Calendar in Portugal. London: Chapman & Hall, 1890.

   ■ Darymple, William. Travels through Spain and Portugal in 1774. London: J. Almon, 1777.

   ■ Dumouriez, Charles Francois Duperrier. An Account of Portugal as It Appeared in 1766. London: C. Law, 1797.

   ■ Fielding, Henry. Jonathan Wild and the Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon. London: J. M. Dent, 1932.

   ■ Fullerton, Alice. To Portugal for Pleasure. London: Grafton, 1945.

   ■ Gibbons, John. I Gathered No Moss. London: Robert Hale, 1939.

   ■ Gordon, Jan, and Cora Gordon. Portuguese Somersault. London: Harrap, 1934.

   ■ Hewitt, Richard. A Cottage in Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996.

   ■ Huggett, Frank. South of Lisbon: Winter Travels in Southern Portugal. London: Gollancz, 1960.

   ■ Hume, Martin. Through Portugal. London: Richards, 1907.

   ■ Hyland, Paul. Backwards Out of the Big World: A Voyage into Portugal. Hammersmith, U.K.: HarperCollins, 1996.

   ■ Jackson, Catherine Charlotte, Lady. Fair Lusitania. London: Bentley, 1874.

   ■ Kelly, Marie Node. This Delicious Land Portugal. London: Hutchinson, 1956.

   ■ Kempner, Mary Jean. Invitation to Portugal. New York: Athenaeum, 1969.

   ■ Kingston, William H. G. Lusitanian Sketches of the Pen and Pencil. 2 vol. London: Parker, 1845.

   ■ Landmann, George. Historical, Military and Picturesque Observations on Portugal. 2 vol. London: Cadell and Davies, 1818.

   ■ Latouche, John [Pseudonym of Oswald Crawfurd]. Travels in Portugal. London: Ward, Lock & Taylor, ca. 1874.

   ■ Link, Henry Frederick. Travels in Portugal and France and Spain. London: Longman & Rees, 1801.

   ■ Macauley, Rose. They Went to Portugal. London: Jonathan Cape, 1946.

   ■. They Went to Portugal, Too. Manchester: Carcanet Books, 1990.

   ■ Merle, Iris. Portuguese Panorama. London: Ouzel, 1958.

   ■ Murphy, J. C. Travels in Portugal. London: 1795.

   ■ Proper, Datus C. The Last Old Place: A Search through Portugal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992.

   ■ Quillinan, Dorothy [Wordsworth]. Journal of a Few Months in Portugal with Glimpses of the South of Spain. 2 vol. London: Moxon, 1847. Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1954. Smith, Karine R. Until Tomorrow: Azores and Portugal. Snohomish, Wash.: Snohomish Publishing, 1978. Southey, Robert. Journals of a Residence in Portugal, 1800-1801 and a Visit to France, 1838. London and New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1912. Thomas, Gordon Kent. Lord Byron's Iberian Pilgrimage. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983. Twiss, Richard. Travels through Portugal and Spain in 1772-1773. London, 1775.

   ■ Watson, Gilbert. Sunshine and Sentiment in Portugal. London: Arnold, 1904. Wheeler, Douglas L. "A[n American] Fulbrighter in Lisbon, Portugal, 196162." Portuguese Studies Review 1 (1991): 9-16.

   ■ PORTUGUESE CARTOGRAPHY, DISCOVERIES, AND NAVIGATION

   ■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Curso de História de Naútica. Coimbra, 1972.

   ■. Introdução a história dos descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Mem Martins, 1983.

   ■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon: Alfa, 1983.

   ■. Navegadores, viajantes e adventureiros portugueses: Séculos XV e XVI. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Portuguese Books on Nautical Science from Pedro Nunes to 1650. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■. Os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Boorstin, Daniel. The Discoverers. New York: Random House, 1983. Boxer, C. R. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire, 1415-1825. London: Hutchinson, 1969.

   ■ Brazão, Eduardo. La découverte de Terre-Neuve. Montreal: Les Presses de l'Université, 1964.

   ■. "Les Corte-Real et le Nouveau Monde." Revue d'histoire d'Amérique Française 19, 1 (1965): 335-49. Cortesão, Armando, and Avelino Teixeira de Mota. Cartografia Portuguesa Antiga. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■. Portugalia Monumenta Cartográfica, 6 vols. Lisbon, 1960-62.

   ■. História da Cartografia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1969-70.

   ■ Cortesão, Jaime. L'expansion des portugais dans l'historie de la civilisation. Brussels, 1930.

   ■. Os descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. V. Magalhães Godinho and Joel Serrão, eds. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■. A expansão dos Portugueses no período henriquinho. Lisbon, 1965.

   ■. Descobrimentos precolombanos dos portugueses. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■ Costa, Abel Fontoura da. A Marinharia dos Descobrimentos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Costa Brochado, Idalino F. Descobrimento do Atlântico. Lisbon, 1958. English ed., 1959-60.

   ■ Coutinho, Admiral Gago. A naútica dos descobrimentos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1951-52.

   ■ Crone, G. R. Maps and Their Makers. New York: Capricorn Books, 1966.

   ■ Dias, José S. da Silva. Os descobrimentos e a problemática cultural do Século XVI, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Disney, Anthony, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

   ■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães, ed. Documentos sobre a expansão portuguesa [ to 1460], 3 vols. Lisbon, 1945-54.

   ■ Guedes, Max, and Gerald Lombardi, eds. Portugal. Brazil: The Age of Atlantic Discoveries. Lisbon: Bertrand; Milan: Ricci; Brazilian Culture Foundation, 1990. [Catalogue of New York Public Library Exhibit, Summer 1990]

   ■ Harley, J. B., and David Woodward. The History of Cartography. Volume 1: Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient and Medieval Europe and Mediterranean. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987.

   ■ Leite, Duarte. História dos Descobrimentos: Colectânea de esparsos, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1958-61.

   ■ Ley, Charles. Portuguese Voyages, 1498-1663. London: Dent, 1953.

   ■ Marques, J. Martins da Silva. Descobrimentos portugueses, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1944-71.

   ■ Martyn, John R. C., ed. Pedro Nunes ( 1502-1578): His Lost Algebra and Other Discoveries. John R. C. Martyn, trans. New York: Peter Lang, 1996.

   ■ Morison, Samuel Eliot. The European Discovery of America: The Northern Voyages, A. D. 500-1600. New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.

   ■. Portuguese Voyages to America in the Fifteenth Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974.

   ■ Mota, Avelino Teixeira da. Mar, Além-Mar-Estudos e Ensaios de História e Geografia. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Vida e Obra do Infante D. Henrique. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Parry, J. H. The Discovery of the Sea. New York: Dial, 1974.

   ■ Penrose, Boies. Travel and Discovery in the Renaissance, 1420-1620. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1952.

   ■ Peres, Damião. História dos Descobrimentos Portugueses. Oporto, 1943.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. The Portuguese Pioneers. London, 1933; New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. Precision Astrolabe: Portuguese Navigators and Transoceanic Aviation. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Seary, E. R. "The Portuguese Element in the Place Names of Newfoundland." In Luís Albuquerque, ed., Vice-Almirante A. Teixeira da Mota: In Memo-riam. Vol. II, 359-64. Lisbon: Academia da Marinha, 1989.

   ■ Subrahmanyam, Sanjay. The Career and Legend of Vasco Da Gama. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.

   ■ Velho, Alvaro. Roteiro ( Navigator's Route) da Primeira Viagem de Vasco da Gama ( 1497-1499). Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Winius, George, ed. Portugal, the Pathfinder: Journeys from the Medieval toward the Modern World 1300-ca. 1600. Madison, Wisc.: Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1995.

   ■ PORTUGAL AND HER OVERSEAS EMPIRES (1415-1975)

   ■ Abshire, David M., and Michael A. Samuels, eds. Portuguese Africa: A Handbook. New York: Praeger, 1969.

   ■ Afonso, Aniceto, and Carlos de Matos Gomes. Guerra Colonial. Lisbon: Noticias, 2001.

   ■ Albuquerque, J. Moushino de. Moçambique. Lisbon, 1898.

   ■ Alden, Dauril. The Making of an Enterprise: The Society of Jesus in Portugal, Its Empire & Beyond. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1995.

   ■ Alexandre, Valentim. Orígens do Colonialismo Português Moderno ( 18221891). Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1979.

   ■. Velho Brasil, Novas Africas: Portugal e o Império ( 1808-1975). Oporto: Afrontamento, 2000.

   ■, and Jill Dias, eds. "O Império Africano 1825-1890. Volume X." In J.

   ■ Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds., Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1998.

   ■ Ames, Glen J. "The Carreira da India, 1668-1682: Maritime Enterprise and the Quest for Stability in Portugal's Asian Empire." Journal of European Economic History 20, 1 (1991): 7-28.

   ■. Renascent Empire? The House of Braganza and the Quest for Stability in Portuguese Monsoon Asia, ca. 1640-1683. Amsterdam: Amsterdam Univ.Press, 2000.

   ■. Vasco da Gama. Renaissance Crusader. New York: Pearson/Longman, 2005.

   ■ Antunes, José Freire. O Império com Pés de Barro: Colonizaçao e Descolonização: As Ideologias em Portugal. Lisbon: D. Quixote, 1980.

   ■. O Factor Africano 1890-1990. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1990.

   ■. A Guerra De Africa 1961-1974, 2 vols. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995-96.

   ■. Jorge Jardim: Agente Secreto 1919-1982. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1996.

   ■ Axelson, Eric A. South-East Africa, 1488-1530. London: Longmans, 1940.

   ■. "Prince Henry and the Discovery of the Sea Route to India." Geographical Journal (U.K.) 127, 2 (June 1961): 145-58.

   ■. Portugal and the Scramble for Africa, 1875-1891. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1967.

   ■. Portuguese in South-East Africa, 1488-1699. Cape Town: Struik, 1973.

   ■. Congo to Cape: Early Portuguese Explorers. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

   ■ Azevedo, Mário. Historical Dictionary of Mozambique, 2nd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2003.

   ■ Baião, António, Hernãni Cidade, and Manuel Murias, eds. História da Expansão Portuguesa no Mundo, 4 vols. Lisbon, 1937-40.

   ■ Bender, Gerald J. "The Limits of Counterinsurgency [in the Angolan War, 1961-72]." Comparative Politics (1972): 331-60.

   ■. Angola under the Portuguese: The Myth Versus Reality. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.

   ■ Bhíla, H. H. K. Trade and Politics in a Shona Kingdom: The Manyika and Their Portuguese and African Neighbours, 1875-1902. Harlow, U.K.: Longman, 1990.

   ■ Birmingham, David. The Portuguese Conquest of Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1965.

   ■. Trade and Conflict in Angola. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966.

   ■. Frontline Nationalism in Angola & Mozambique. London: James Currey, 1992.

   ■. Portugal and Africa. New York: St. Martins, 1999.

   ■ Bottineau, Yves. Le Portugal Et Sa Vocation Maritime. Paris: Boccard, 1977. Boxer, C. R. Fidalgos in the Far East— Fact and Fancy in the History of Macau. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1948. ———. The Christian Century in Japan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1951.

   ■ ———. Salvador de Sá and the Struggle for Brazil and Angola, 1602-1688. London, 1952.

   ■ ———. Four Centuries of Portuguese Expansion, 1415-1825: A Succinct Survey. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1961.

   ■ ———. The Golden Age of Brazil, 1695-1750. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1962.

   ■ ———. Race Relations in the Portuguese Colonial Empire, 1415-1825. Oxford:

   ■ Clarendon Press, 1963. ———. Portuguese Society in the Tropics. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1965.

   ■ ———. The Portuguese Seaborne Empire 1415-1825. London: Hutchi nson, 1969.

   ■ ———, and Carlos de Azevedo, eds. Fort Jesus and the Portuguese in Mombasa. London: Hollis and Carter, 1960.

   ■ Broadhead, Susan H. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 2nd ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1992.

   ■ Burton, Richard. Goa and the Blue Mountains. London: Bentley, 1851.

   ■ Cabral, Luís. Crónica da Libertação. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Caetano, Marcello. Colonizing Traditions, Principles and Methods of the Portuguese. Lisbon, 1951.

   ■ ———. Portugal E A Internacionalização Dos Problemas Africanos, 3rd ed. Lisbon, 1965.

   ■ Cann, John P. Counterinsurgency in Africa: The Portuguese Way of War, 1961-1974. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1997. Castelo, Claudia. " O modo portugues de estar no mundo." O luso-tropicalismo e a ideologia colonial portuguesa ( 1931-1961). Oporto: Afrontamento, 1998. Castro, Armando. O Sistema Colonial Português em Africa ( meados do Século XX). Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Chaliand, Gerard. "The Independence of Guinea-Bissau and the Heritage of [Amilcar] Cabral." In Revolution in the Third World. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1978.

   ■ Chilcote, Ronald H. Portuguese Africa. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1967.

   ■ Clarence-Smith, Gervase. Slaves, Peasants and Capitalists in Southern Angola 1840-1926. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.

   ■ ———. The Third Portuguese Empire 1825-1975: A Study in Economic Imperialism. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1985.

   ■ Coates, Timothy J. Convicts and Orphans: Forced and State-Sponsored Colonizers in the Portuguese Empire, 1550-1720. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2001.

   ■ Davies, Shann. Macau. Singapore: Times Editions, 1986.

   ■ Dias, C. Malheiro, ed. História da colonização portuguesa no Brasil, 3 vols. Oporto, 1921-24.

   ■ Diffie, Bailey W., and George Winius. Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1580. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, 1977.

   ■ Disney, Anthony R. Twilight of the Pepper Empire: Portuguese Trade in Southwest India in the Early Seventeenth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978.

   ■ ———, and Emily Booth, eds. Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

   ■ Duffy, James. Shipwreck and Empire: Being an Account of Portuguese Maritime Disaster in a Century of Decline. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1955.

   ■ ———. Portuguese Africa. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959. ———. Portugal in Africa. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1962.

   ■. "The Portuguese Territories." In Colin Legum, ed., Africa: A Handbook to the Continent. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1967. ———. A Question of Slavery. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1967. Felgas, Hélio. História do Congo Português. Carmona, Angola, 1958. ———. Guerra em Angola. Lisbon, 1961.

   ■ Galvão, Henrique, and Carlos Selvagam. O Império Ultramarino Português, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1953.

   ■ Gleijeses, Piero. Conflicting Missions: Havana, Washington and Africa, 19591976. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.

   ■ Godinho, Vitorino Magalhães. "Portugal and Her Empire." In The New Cambridge Modern History. Vol. V (1961): 384-97; Vol. VI (1963): 509-TO.

   ■ Grenfell, F. James. História da Igreja Baptista em Angola, 1879-1975. Queluz, Portugal: Núcleo, 1998.

   ■ Hammond, Richard J. "Economic Imperialism: Sidelights on a Stereotype." Journal of Economic History XXI, 4 (1961): 582-98.

   ■ ———. Portugal and Africa, 1815-1910: A Study in Uneconomic Imperialism. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1966.

   ■ Hanson, Carl. Portugal and the Wider World 1147-1497. New Orleans, La.: University Press of the South, 2001.

   ■ Harris, Marvin. Portugal's African Wards. New York: American Committee on Africa, 1957.

   ■ ———. "Portugal's Contribution to the Underdevelopment of Africa and Brazil." In Ronald H. Chilcote, ed., Protest & Resistance in Angola & Brazil: Comparative Studies, 209-23. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972.

   ■ Henderson, Lawrence W. Angola: Five Centuries of Conflict. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1979. ———. A Igreja Em Angola. Lisbon: Edit. Além-Mar, 1990. Heywood, Linda. Contested Power in Angola 1840s to the Present. Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, 2000.

   ■ Hilton, Anne. The Kingdom of Kongo. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985.

   ■ Hower, Alfred, and Richard Preto-Rodas, eds. Empire in Transition: The Portuguese World in the Time of Camões. Gainesville: University Presses of Florida, 1985.

   ■ Isaacman, Allen. "The Prazos da Coroa 1752-1830: A Functional Analysis of the Political System." STUDIA (Lisbon) 26 (1969): 149-78.

   ■. Mozambique: The Africanization of a European Institution: The Zambezi Prazos, 1750-1902. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1972.

   ■ ———. The Tradition of Resistance in Mozambique: Anti-Colonial Activity in the Zambesi Valley 1850-1921. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.

   ■ James, Martin. Historical Dictionary of Angola, 3rd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 2004.

   ■ Jardim, Jorge. Sanctions Double-Cross: Oil to Rhodesia. Lisbon, 1978. Johnson, Harold, and Maria Beatriz Nizza da Silva. O Império Luso-Brasileiro 1500-1620. Volume VI. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds. Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1992. Joliffe, Jill. East Timor: Nationalism & Colonialism. University of Queensland Press, 1978.

   ■ Kea, Ray A. Settlements, Trade and Politics in the Seventeenth Century Gold Coast. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982.

   ■ Kohen, Arnold. From the Place of the Dead. The Epic Struggles of Bishop Belo of East Timor. New York: St Martins, 1999.

   ■ Livingstone, Charles, and David Livingstone. Narrative of an Expedition to the Zambezi and Its Tributaries. New York: 1866.

   ■ Livingstone, David. Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa. London, 1857.

   ■ Lobban, Richard, and Joshua Forrest. Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, 3rd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 1996. Lobban, Richard, and Marilyn Halter. Historical Dictionary of Cape Verde, 3rd ed. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, 1993. Martino, Antonio M. Joao de Azevedo Coutinho. Marinheiro e soldado de Portugal. Lisbon: Colibri, 2002. Martins, Rocha. História das Colónias Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1933. Marvaud, Angel. Le Portugal et Ses Colonies. Paris, 1912. Mason, Philip, ed. Angola: A Symposium; Views of a Revolt. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961. Melo, João de, ed. Os Anos Da Guerra 1961-1975: Os Portugueses em Africa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1988. Miller, Joseph C. Way of Death: Merchant Capitalism and the Angolan Slave Trade, 1730-1830. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1988.

   ■ Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Portugal. Vinte Anos de Defesa do Estado Português de India. Lisbon, 1967.

   ■. Portugal Replies in the United Nations. Lisbon, 1970.

   ■ Mondlane, Eduardo. The Struggle for Mozambique. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1969.

   ■ Moreira, Adriano. Política Ultramarina. Lisbon, 1956.

   ■. Portugal's Stand in Africa. New York: University Publishers, 1962.

   ■, and Jose Carlos Venancio. Eds. Luso-Tropicalismo. Uma Teoria Social em Questao. Lisbon: Vega, 2000.

   ■ Múrias, Manuel, ed. História da expansão portuguesa no mundo, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1937-42.

   ■. Short History of Portuguese Colonization. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Newitt, Malyn. Portuguese Settlement on the Zambesi: Exploration, Land Tenure and Colonial Rule in East Africa. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1973.

   ■. Portugal in Africa: The Last Hundred Years. London: Longmans, 1981.

   ■. A History of Mozambique. London: Hurst, 1995.

   ■. A History ofPortuguese Overseas Expansion, 1400-1668. London: Routledge, 2005.

   ■. Diálogos Interditos: A Política Externa Portuguesa E A Guerra De Africa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■. História De Portugal. 1933-1974: II Suplemento. Oporto, 1981.

   ■. Um político confessa-se ( Diário: 1960-1968), 3rd ed. Oporto, 1987.

   ■. Salazar. Vol. V: A Resistência ( 1958-1964). Oporto, 1981.

   ■ Nowell, Charles E. "Portugal and the Partition of Africa." Journal of Modern History XIX, 1 (1947): 1-17.

   ■ Nunes, Antonio Lopes Pires. Angola 1961. Da Baixa do Cassange a Nambu-angongo. Lisbon: Prefacio, 2005.

   ■ Okuma, Thomas. Angola in Ferment: The Background and Prospects of Angolan Nationalism. Boston: Beacon, 1962.

   ■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wise.: Bruce, 1957.

   ■ Pélissier, René. Les Guerres Grises: Resistance Et Revoltes en Angola ( 18451941). Orgeval: Pélissier, 1977.

   ■. Naissance Du Mozambique: Tome 1, Tome 2, Resistance Et Revoltes Anticoloniales ( 1854-1981), 2 vols. Orgeval: Pélissier, 1984.

   ■. História de Moçambique. Vol. II. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■. Naissance de la Guinée: Portugais et Africains en Senegambie ( 1841-1936). Orgeval: Pélissier, 1989.

   ■. Timor En Guerre: Le Crocodile et les Portugais ( 1847-1913). Orgeval: Pélissier, 1996.

   ■ Pires, Adelino Serras, and Fiona Claire Capstick. The Winds of Havoc: A Memoir of Adventure and Destruction in Deepest Africa. New York: St. Martin's, 2001.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. The Portuguese Pioneers. London: Black, 1933.

   ■ Ranger, T. [Terence] O. "Revolt in Portuguese East Africa: The Makombe Rising of 1917." St. Anthony's Papers. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 15 (1963).

   ■ Remy. Goa, Rome of the Orient. Trans. from the French by Lancelot Sheppard. London, 1957.

   ■ Ribeiro, General Goncalves. A Vertigem da Descolonizacao. Da Agonia do Exodo a Cidadania Plena. Lisbon: Inquerito, 2002. Ricard, Robert. Etudes sur l'Histoire des Portugais au Maroc. Coimbra, 1955.

   ■ Richards, J. M. Goa. London: Hurst, 1982.

   ■ Rodney, Walter. A History of the Upper Guinea Coast, 1545-1800. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970. Rodrigues, José Honório. Africa e Brasil: Outro Horizonte. Rio de Janeiro, 1961.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. "Valentim Fernandes, Rodrigo de Santaella, and the Recognition of the Antilles as "Opposite India." Boletim da Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa series 75 (July-September 1957): 279-309.

   ■. The Obedience of a King of Portugal. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1958.

   ■. The Quest for Eastern Christians: Travels and Rumors in the Age of Discovery. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1962.

   ■ Russell-Wood, A. J. Fidalgos and Philanthropists: The Santa Casa da Mi-sericordia of Bahia, 1550-1755. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968.

   ■. "Colonial Brazil." In David W. Cohen and Jack Greene, eds., Neither Slave nor Free, 84-133. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1972.

   ■. "Local Government in Portuguese America: A Study in Cultural Divergence." Comparative Studies in Society and History 16 (1974): 187-231.

   ■. From Colony to Nation: Essays on the Independence of Brazil. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1975.

   ■. World on the Move: The Portuguese in Africa, Asia & America, 1415-1808. New York: St. Martins, 1993.

   ■ Salazar, António de Oliveira. Goa and the Indian Union. Lisbon, 1954.

   ■. "Portugal, Goa and the Indian Union." Foreign Affairs (New York) 34, 3 (April, 1956): 418-31.

   ■. "Realities and Trends of Portugal's Policies." International Affairs (London) XXXIX, 2 (April 1963): 169-83.

   ■ Saldanha, C. F. A Short History of Goa. Goa, 1957.

   ■ Sanceau, Elaine. Indies Adventure: The Amazing Career of Afonso de Albuquerque. London: Blackie, 1936.

   ■. Portugal in Quest of Prester John. London: Hutchinson, 1943.

   ■. The Land of Prester John. New York: Knopf, 1944.

   ■. Henry the Navigator. New York: Norton, 1947.

   ■. The Perfect Prince: Dom João II. Oporto, 1959.

   ■. Good Hope, the Voyage of Vasco da Gama. Lisbon, 1967.

   ■. The Reign of the Fortunate King ( Manuel I), 1495-1521. Hamden, Conn.: Archon, 1969.

   ■. Knight of the Renaissance: A Biography of Dom João de Castro. London: Hutchinson, n.d.

   ■ Schubert, Benedict. A Guerra e as Igrejas: Angola, 1961-1991. Basel, Switzerland: Schlettwein, 2000 [orig. ed. in German, Lucerne, Exodus Pub., 1997].

   ■ Schwartz, Stuart G. Sovereignty and Society in Colonial Brazil. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973.

   ■ Serra, Carlos, ed. História de Moçambique, 2 vols. Maputo, Mozambique: Tempo, 1982-83.

   ■ Silva, Botelho da, ed. and comp. " Dossier" Goa. ( General Manuel) Vassalo e Silva. A Recusa do Sacrifício Inútil. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Silva, Maria Beatriz Nizza da, ed. O Império Luso-Brasileiro 1750-1822. Volume VIII. In J. Serrão and A. H. de Oliveira Marques, eds., Nova História Da Expansão Portuguesa. Lisbon: Estampa, 1986.

   ■ Silva Cunha J. M. da. Questões Ultramarinos e Internacionais. Lisbon, 1960.

   ■ Silva Rego, A. da. História das missões do padroado português do Oriente: India ( 1500-1542). 1 vol. Lisbon, 1949.

   ■. Portuguese Colonization in the Sixteenth Century: A Study of Royal Ordinances. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1957.

   ■. O Ultramar Português No Século XIX ( 1834-1910). Lisbon, 1966.

   ■ Sousa Dias, Gastão. Os Portugueses em Angola. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Sykes, John. Portugal and Africa: The People and the War. London: Hutchinson, 1971.

   ■ Telo, António José. Lourenço Marques na Política Externa Portuguesa. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1991.

   ■. Economia E Império No Portugal Contemporânea. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.

   ■. Os Açores e o Controlo do Atlântico. Lisbon: Asa, 1993.

   ■ Vail, Leroy, and Landeg White. Capitalism and Colonialism in Mozambique: A Study of Quelimane District. Minneapolis: Minnesota University Press, 1980.

   ■ Veen, Ernst van. Defeat or Decay? An Inquiry into the Portuguese Decline in Asia 1580-1645. Leiden: University of Leiden, 2000.

   ■ Verlinden, Charles. "Italian Influence on Iberian Colonization." Hispanic American Historical Review 33 (1953): 99-211.

   ■. The Beginnings of Modern Colonization. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1970.

   ■ Vogel, Charles. Le Portugal et Ses Colonies. Paris, 1860.

   ■ Vogt, John. Portuguese Rule on the Gold Coast 1469-1682. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1979.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Portuguese in Angola. 1836-1891: A Study in Expansion and Administration." Ph.D. dissertation, Boston University, Department of History, 1963.

   ■. "Anti-Imperialism Traditions in Portugal, Yesterday and Today." Boston University Graduate Journal XII, 2 (Spring 1964): 125-37.

   ■. 'The Portuguese and Mozambique: The Past against the Future." In John A. Davis and James K. Baker, eds., Southern Africa in Transition. 180-96. New York: Praeger, 1966.

   ■. "Gungunhana." In Norman R. Bennett, ed., Leadership in Eastern Africa, Six Political Biographies, 165-220. Boston: Boston University Press, 1968.

   ■. "Gungunyane the Negotiator." Journal of African History IX, 4 (1968): 585-602.

   ■. "Nineteenth-Century African Protest in Angola: Prince Nicolas of Kongo (1830?-1860)." African Historical Studies (Boston) I (1968): 40-59.

   ■. "The Portuguese Army in Angola." Journal of Modern African Studies (Cambridge U.K.), 7, 3 (Oct. 1969): 425-39.

   ■. "Thaw in Portugal." Foreign Affairs 48, 4 (July 1970): 769-81.

   ■. "Portugal in Angola: A Living Colonialism?" In C. Potholm and R. Dale, eds., Southern Africa in Perspective, 172-82. New York: Free Press, 1972.

   ■. "The First Portuguese Colonial Movement, 1835-1875." Iberian Studies (Keele, U.K.) I, 1 (Spring 1975): 25-27.

   ■. "Rebels and Rebellions in Angola, 1672-1892." In Mark Karp, ed., African Dimensions: Essays in Honor of William O. Brown, 81-93. Boston: Boston University Press, 1975.

   ■. "African Elements in Portugal's Armies in Africa (1961-1974)." Armed Forces and Society (Chicago) 2, 2 (Feb. 1976): 233-50.

   ■. "Portuguese Colonial Governors in Africa, 1870-1974." In L. H. Gann and Peter Duignan, eds., African Proconsuls: European Governors in Africa, 415-26. New York: Free Press, 1978; and "J. Mousinho de Albuquerque (1855-1902)" and "J. Norton de Matos (1867-1955)": 427-44; 445-63.

   ■. "The Portuguese Withdrawal from Africa, 1974-1975; The Angolan Case." In John Seiler, ed., Southern Africa Since the Portuguese Coup, 3-21. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1980.

   ■. "The Portuguese Exploration Expeditions and Expansion in Angola, 1877-1883." In Academia de Marinha and Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, eds., Vice Almirante A. Teixeira Da Mota: In Memoriam. Volume I, 267-76. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■. "'Aqui é Portugal!': The Politics of the Colonial Idea during the Estado Novo, 1926-1974." In Pavilhão de Portugal, EXPO'98 and Instituto de História Contemporânea, eds., Portugal No Transição Do Milênio: Colóquio Internacional, 375-105. Lisbon: Fim de Século, 1998.

   ■. The Empire Time Forgot: Writing a History of the Portuguese Overseas Empire, 1808-1975. Oporto: Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 1998.

   ■. "Filho Do Porto, Filho Do Império: Antônio Francisco Da Silva Porto (1817-1890) and the Politics of Motivation in Portugal's First and Second Scrambles for Africa (1836-1861; 1875-1891)." Revista da UFP [Universidade Fernando Pessoa] 4 (Dec. 1999): 225-54.

   ■. "'Mais leis do que mosquitos': A Primeira República Portuguesa e o Império Ultramarino (1910-1926)." In Nuno Severiano Teixeira and Antó-nio Costa Pinto, eds., A Primeira República Portuguesa Entre O Liberalismo E O Autoritarismo, 133-68. Lisbon: University Nova de Lisboa, 2000.

   ■. "Spiritual Peoples at Odds: Portugal, India and the Goa Question, 1947-61." In Anthony Disney and Emily Booth, eds., Vasco Da Gama and the Linking of Europe and Asia, 452-70. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2000.

   ■. "Portugal, Africa and the future." In Stewart Lloyd-Jones and Antonio Costa Pinto, eds., The Last Empire: Thirty Years of Portuguese Decolonization, 113-25. Bristol, U.K.: Intellect, 2003.

   ■. "The Forced Labor 'System' in Angola, 1903-1947: Reassessing Origins and Persistence in the Context of Colonial Consolidation, Economic Growth and Reform Failures." In CEAUP, Centro de Estudos Africanos da Universidade do Porto, ed., Trabalho forcado africano-experiencias coloniais comparadas, 367-393. Oporto: CEAUP, 2006.

   ■. "As Raizes Do Nacionalismo Angolano: Publicacoes De Protesto Dos Assimilados, 1870-1940." In Nuno Vidal and Justino Pinto De Andrade, eds., O Processo De Transicao Para O Multipartidarismo Em Angola, 73-92. Lisbon: Ed. Firmamento, 2006.

   ■, and René Pélissier. Angola. London: Pall Mall and New York: Praeger, 1971; reprinted, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1977; Portuguese lang. edition, Lisbon: Tinta-da-China, 2009. Whiteway, R. W. The Rise of the Portuguese Power in India, 1497-1550. London: Constable, 1899.

   ■ Winius, George D. The Fatal History of Portuguese Ceylon: Transition to Dutch Rule. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1971.

   ■. "The Portuguese Asian 'Decadência' Revisited." In Alfred Hower and Richard Preto-Rodas, eds., Empire in Transition, 106-17. Gainesville: University Presses of Florida, 1980.

   ■. The Black Legend of Portuguese India. New Delhi: New Concept, 1985.

   ■ Portuguese Migration and Communities Abroad

   ■ Alves, Marcial. Os Portugueses no Mundo. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Anderson, Grace M., and David Higgs, eds. A Future to Inherit: Portuguese Communities in Canada. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1976. Arroteia, Jorge Carvalho. A emigração Portuguesa-suas origens e distribuição. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Brettell, Caroline B. "Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Portuguese Emigration: A Bibliography." Portuguese Studies Newsletter 3 (Fall-Winter, 1977-78).

   ■. "Emigrar Para Voltar: A Portuguese Ideology of Return Migration." Papers in Anthropology 20 (1979): 1-20.

   ■. We Have Already Cried Many Tears: The Stories of Three Portuguese Migrant Women. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman Publishing Co., 1982.

   ■. Men Who Migrate, Women Who Wait: Population and History in a Portuguese Parish. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■ Carvalho, Eduardo de. Os portugueses na Nova Inglaterra. Rio de Janeiro, 1931.

   ■ Caspari, Andrea. "The Return Orientation among Portuguese Migrants in France." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 193-203. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Dias, Eduardo Mayone, ed. Portugueses na América do Norte. Baden: Peregrinação, 1983.

   ■ Fagundes, Francisco Cota. Hard Knocks: An Azorean-American Odyssey.

   ■ [Memoir]. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 2000. Felix, John Henry, and Peter F. Senecal. The Portuguese in Hawaii. Honolulu, Hawaii: Authors' edition, 1978. Fernandes, Ferreira. Os Primos da América. Lisbon: Relógio D'Agua, 1991. Ferreira, Eduardo de Sousa. As orígens e formas de emigração. Lisbon, 1976. Freitas, J. F. Portuguese-American Memories. Honolulu, Hawaii, 1930.

   ■ Giles, Wenona. "Motherhood and Wage Labour in London, England: Portuguese Migrant Women and the Politics of Gender." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology. University of Toronto, 1987.

   ■ Higgs, David, ed. Portuguese Migration in Global Perspective. Ontario: Multicultural Historical Society of Ontario, 1990.

   ■ Klimt, Andrea. "Portuguese Migrants in Germany: Class, Ethnicity and Gender." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology. Stanford University, 1987.

   ■ Lavigne, Gules. Les ethniques et la ville: L'aventure des immigrants portugais à Montreal. Montreal: Preamble, 1987.

   ■ Leder, Hans Howard. Cultural Persistence in a Portuguese-American Community. New York: Arno Press, 1980.

   ■ Lewis, J. R., and A. M. Williams. "Emigrants and Retornados: A Comparative Analysis of the Economic Impact of Return Migration in the Região Centro." In E. D. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 227-50. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ McCabe, Marsha L., and Joseph D. Thomas, eds. Portuguese Spinner: An American Story; Stories of History, Culture and Life from Portuguese Americans in Southeastern New England. New Bedford, Mass.: Spinner, 1998.

   ■ Marques, D., and J. Medeiros. Portuguese Immigrants: 25 Years in Canada. Toronto: West End YMCA, 1989.

   ■ Martins, J. Oliveira. Fomento Rural e emigração Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1956.

   ■ Mira, Manuel. The Forgotten Portuguese: The Melungeons and Other Groups; The Portuguese Making of America. Franklin, N.C.: Portuguese-American Historical Research Foundation, 1998.

   ■ Nazareth, J. Manuel. "Familia e Emigração em Portugal." Economia e Sociedade (Lisbon) 23 (1977): 31-50.

   ■ Nunes, Maria Luisa. A Portuguese Colonial in America: Belmira Nunes Lopes; The Autobiography of a Cape Verdean-American. Pittsburgh, Penn.: Latin American Literary Review Press, 1982.

   ■ Oliver, Lawrence. Never Backward: The Autobiography of Lawrence Oliver; A Portuguese-American. San Diego, 1972.

   ■ Pap, Leo. The Portuguese-Americans. Boston: Twayne, 1981.

   ■ Pereira, Miriam Halpern. A Política Portuguesa de Emigraçao, 1850 a 1930. Lisbon: Regra do Jogo, 1981.

   ■ Pereira da Rosa, Victor M., and Salvato V. Trigo. "Elementos para uma Caracterização da Família Imigrante Portuguesa na Africa do Sul." Economia e Sociologia 41 (1986): 61-71.

   ■. Azorean Emigration: A Preliminary Overview. Oporto: Fernando Pessoa University, 1994.

   ■. Portugueses e Moçambicanos no Apartheid: Da Ficção à Realidade. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Purves, James. "Portuguese in Bermuda." Bermuda Historical Quarterly 3 (1946): 133-42.

   ■ Ribeiro, F. G. Cassola. Emigração Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Rocha-Trinidade, Maria Beatriz da. "La Sociologie des Migrations au Portugal." Current Sociology 32, 2 (Summer 1984): 175-98.

   ■. "Towards Reintegration of Emigrants." In E. de Sousa Ferreira and Guy Clausse, eds., Closing the Migratory Cycle: The Case of Portugal, 183-94. Saarbrücken: Breitenbach, 1985.

   ■. "Emigração." In Dicionario Illustrado Da História De Portugal ( 1985): 205-7.

   ■. A Emigração. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■. "Espaços de herança cultural portuguesa-gentes, factos, políticas." Analise Social (Lisbon) XXIV (1988): 313-51.

   ■ Rocha-Trinidade, Maria Beatriz da, and Jorge Arroteia. Bibliografia da Emigração Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. Americans of Portuguese Descent: A Lesson in Differentiation. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage, 1974.

   ■. Testemunhos sobre a Emigração Portuguesa: Antologia. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Silva, F. Emídio da. A Emigração Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1917.

   ■ Silva, Manuela, et al. Retorno, Emigração e Desenvolvimento Regional em Portugal. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Simões, Mário Pinto. O Emigrante Português: Processos de Adaptação ( o exemplo da Suiça). Oporto, 1985.

   ■ Simões, Nuno. O Brasil e a Emigração Portuguesa. Coimbra, 1934.

   ■ Sousa Ferreira, Eduardo de, and Guy Clausse, eds. Closing the Migratory Cycle: The Case of Portugal. Saarbrucken: Verlag Breitenbach, 1986.

   ■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Sea to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.

   ■ Vicente, António Luís. Os Portuguese Nos Estados Unidos Da América: Política De Comunidades E Comunidade Política. Lisbon: FLAD, 1998.

   ■ Viera, David, et al. Portuguese in the United States: A Bibliography ( Supplement to the 1976 Leo Pap Bibliography). Essay Number 6 in Essays in Portuguese Studies. Durham, N.H.: International Conference Group on Portugal, 1989.

   ■ Williams, Jerry. And Yet They Come: Portuguese Immigration from the Azores to the United States. New York: Center for Migration Studies, 1982.

   ■ Portugal's Atlantic Islands (Azores, Madeiras)

   ■ Biddle, Anthony J. Drexel. The Madeira Islands, 2 vols. London: Hurst and Blackett, 1900.

   ■ Bryans, Robin. Madeira, Pearl of the Atlantic. London: Robert Hale, 1959.

   ■. The Azores. London: Faber & Faber, 1963.

   ■ Cooke, Rupert Croft. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.

   ■ Cossart, Noel. Madeira— the Island Vineyard. London: Christie's, 1984.

   ■ Da Silva, Fernando Augusto, and Carlos Azevedo de Menezes. Elucidário Madeirense, 3 vols. Funchal, 1940.

   ■ Duncan, T. Bentley. Atlantic Islands in the Seventeenth Century: Madeira, the Azores and the Cape Verdes in Seventeenth-Century Commerce andNavigation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1972.

   ■ Guill, James H. A History of the Azores Islands. Menlo Park, Calif.: Author's Edition, 1972.

   ■ Instituto Histórico Da Ilha Terceira [Azores]. Os Açores E O Atlântico ( Séculos XIV-XVII) [Proceedings of International Colloquium, August 1983]. Angra do Heroismo, Terceira Island, Azores, 1984.

   ■ Koebel, William Henry. Madeira Old and New. London: Griffiths, 1909.

   ■ Mee, Jules. Histoire de la découverte des Iles Açores. Ghent, 1901.

   ■ Peres, Damião. A Madeira sob os donatórios-Séculos XV e XVI. Funchal, 1914.

   ■ Rogers, Francis M. Atlantic Islanders of the Azores and Madeiras. North Quincy, Mass.: Christopher House, 1979.

   ■ Serpa, Caetano Valadão. A Gente Dos Açores. Identificaçao-Emigraçio E Religiosidade: Séculos XVI-XX. Lisbon: 1978.

   ■ Silva, J. Donald. "With Columbus in Madeira." Portuguese Studies Review (Durham, NH) I, 1 (Spring-Summer 1991).

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Azores and the United States (1787-1987): Two Hundred Years of Shared History." Boletim do Instituto Histórico da Ilha Terceira XLV (1988): 55-71.

   ■ Anglo-Portuguese Alliance (1373-Present)

   ■ Almada, José de. A Aliança Inglesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1947.

   ■. Para a história da aliança luso-britânica. Lisbon, 1955.

   ■ Atkinson, William C. British Contributions to Portuguese and Brazilian Studies. London: British Council, 1974.

   ■ Bourne, Kenneth. The Foreign Policy of Victorian England 1830-1902. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970.

   ■ British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 600 Years of Anglo-Portuguese Alliance. London: BBC, 1973.

   ■ British Community Council of London. Souvenir Brochure Commemorating the 600th Anniversary of the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of Alliance and Friendship, 1373-1973. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Cabral, Manuel Villaverde. Portugal na Alvorada do Século XX. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Caetano, Marcello "Aliança Inglesa." Enciclopédia Luso-Brasileira da Cultura. Vol. 1 (1963): 1270-1271.

   ■. "L'alliance Anglo-Portuguese: Histoire et situation actuelle." Chronique de politique etrangére (Paris) XX, 6 (1967): 695-708.

   ■. Portugal e a Internacionalização dos Problemas Africanos. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Castro, Armando. A dominação inglesa em Portugal. Estudo seguido de Antologia Textos dos Sécs. XVIII e XIX. Oporto: Afrontamento, 1972.

   ■ Crollen, Luc. Portugal, the U.S. and NATO. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press, 1973.

   ■. "Portugal." In O. De Raeymaeker et al. Small Powers in Alignment, 27-96. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press, 1974.

   ■ Cunha Leal, Francisco. Portugal e Inglaterra. Corunna, 1932.

   ■ Davidson, Basil. "The Oldest Alliance Faces a Crisis." In Philip Masonm, ed., Angola: A Symposium. Views of a Revolt, 138-60. London: Oxford University Press, 1962.

   ■ Duff, Katherine. "The War and the Neutrals." In Arnold and Veronica Toyn-bee, eds., Survey of International Affairs. London: Chatham House, 1956.

   ■ Duffy, James. A Question of Slavery. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967.

   ■ Epstein, John. "The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 1373-1973." World Survey (London) 54 (June 1973): p. 18.

   ■ Ferreira, José Medeiros. Estudos de Estratégia e Relações Internacionais. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Ferreira Martins, General L. O Poder Militar Da Gran-Bretanha E A Aliança Anglo-Lusa. Coimbra, 1939.

   ■. A Cooperaçio Anglo-Portuguesa na Grande Guerra de 1914-18. Lisbon, 1942.

   ■ Francis, A. D. The Methuens and Portugal 1691-1700. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1966.

   ■. Portugal 1715-1808. London: Tamesis, 1985.

   ■ Freitas, A. Barjona de. A Questão Ingleza. Lisbon, 1891.

   ■ Gonçalves, Caetano. A Aliança Luso-Britânica e o Domínio Colonial Português. Lisbon, 1917.

   ■ Guedes, Armando Marques. A Aliança Inglesa: Notas de História diplomática, 1383-1943. Lisbon, 1943. Halpern Pereira, Miriam. Revoluçio, finanças, dependência externa. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Howorth, A. H. D'Araujo Scott. A Aliança Luso-Britânica E A Segunda Guerra Mundial. Lisbon, 1956.

   ■ Kay, Hugh. Salazar and Modern Portugal. New York: Hawthorne, 1970.

   ■ Lawrence, L. Nehru Seizes Goa. New York: Pageant, 1963.

   ■ Livermore, H. V. "The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance: Historical Perspective." 600 Years of Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 7-15. Lisbon: BBC, 1973.

   ■ Macedo, Jorge Borges de. História Diplomática Portuguesa-Constantes e Linhas de Força. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Manoel, J. de Câmara. Portugal e Inglatterra. Lisbon, 1909.

   ■ Martinez, Pedro S. História Diplomática de Portugal. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Medlicott, W. N. The Economic Blockade, Vol. II. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office, 1952.

   ■ Oliveira, Pedro Aires. Os Despojos Da Alianca. A Gra-Bretanha e a questao colonial portuguesa 1945-1975. Lisbon: Tinta-da-China, 2007. Ortigão, Ramalho. John Bull. Lisbon, 1887.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. Diplomatic Relations of Portugal with France, England and Holland from 1646 to 1668. Watford, U.K.: Voss & Michael, 1925.

   ■. Chapters in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. London: Voss & Michael, 1935.

   ■ Russell, Peter E. The English Intervention in Spain and Portugal in the Time of Edward III and Richard II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1955. Sarmento, J. E. Morães. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance and Coast Defense. London, 1908.

   ■ Serrão, Joel. "O Ultimatum (January 1890)." Dicionário de História de Portugal. Vol. IV (1971): 219-24.

   ■ Shafaat, Ahmed Khan, ed. Anglo-Portuguese Negotiations Relating to Bombay, 1660-1667. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1922.

   ■ Sideri, Sandro. Trade and Power: Informal Colonialism in Anglo-Portuguese Relations. Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press, 1970.

   ■ Sousa, Carlos Hermenegildo de. A Aliança Anglo-Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1943.

   ■ Stone, Glyn A. "The Official British Attitude to the Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 1910-45." Journal of Contemporary History (London) 10, 4 (Oct. 1975): 729-46.

   ■. The Oldest Ally: Britain and the Portuguese Connection, 1936-1941. Woodbridge, U.K.: Royal Historical Society and Boydell Press, 1994. Teixeira, Nuno Severiano. O Ultimatum Inglês: Política Externa no Portugal do 1890. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Teles, Basilio. Do Ultimatum ao 30 de Janeiro. Oporto, 1905.

   ■ Vicente, António Pedro. "Um testemunho de 1796 sobre a Situação de Portugal face ao domínio inglês." In Arquivos do Centro Cultural Portugües, IV. Paris, 1972.

   ■ Vieira de Castro, Luís. D. Carlos I. ( Elementos de História Diplomática), 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1941.

   ■ Vincent-Smith, John. "Britain, Portugal and the First World War." European Studies Review 4, 3 (1974).

   ■. "The Portuguese Economy and the Anglo-Portuguese Commercial Treaty of 1916." Iberian Studies (Keele, U.K.) III, 2 (Autumn 1974): 49-54.

   ■. As Relações Políticas Luso-Britânicas 1910-1916. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■. "The Portuguese Republic and Britain, 1910-14." Journal of Contemporary History 10, 4 (Oct. 1975): 707-27.

   ■ Vintras, R. E. The Portuguese Connection: A Secret History of the Azores Base. London: Bachman & Turner, 1974. Viriato [Pseud]. A Aliança lnglesa. Lisbon, 1914.

   ■ Walford, A. R. The British Factory in Lisbon and Its Closing Stages Ensuring upon the Treaty of 1810. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Wheeler, Douglas L. "The Portuguese in Angola, 1836-1891: A Study in Expansion and Administration." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 1963.

   ■. "19th Century: Anglo-Portuguese Alliance and the Scramble for Africa." In BBC, 600 Years of Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, 40-43. London: BBC, 1973.

   ■. "The Price of Neutrality: Portugal, the Wolfram Question and World War II." Luso-Brazilian Review (Madison, Wisc.) 34, 1, 2 (Summer 1986; Winter 1986): 107-27; 97-111.

   ■ Wordsworth, William. William Wordsworth's Convention of Cintra: A Facsimile of the 1809 Tract [Introduction by Gordon Kent Thomas]. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Press, 1983.

   ■ Young, George. Portugal Old and Young. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1917.

   ■ ANTHROPOLOGY, SOCIOLOGY, RURAL AND URBAN SOCIETY

   ■ Almeida, Miguel Vale de. The Hegemonic Male: Masculinity in a Portuguese Town. Oxford: Berghan, 1996.

   ■ Black, Richard. Crisis and Change in Rural Europe: Agricultural Development in the Portuguese Mountains. Aldershot, U.K.: Avebury and Ashgate, 1992.

   ■ Brettell, Caroline B. Men Who Migrate, Women Who Wait: Population and History in a Portuguese Parish. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986.

   ■. "The Absence of Men." Natural History 96, 2 (Feb. 1987): 52-61.

   ■. "The Portuguese." In Encyclopedia of World Cultures. New Haven, Conn.: Human Relations Area Files, 1990.

   ■. "The Priest and His People: The Contractual Basis for Religious Practice in Rural Portugal." In Ellen Badone, ed., Religious Orthodoxy and Popular Faith in European Society, 55-75. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990.

   ■ Brogger, Jan. Pre-bureaucratic Europeans: A Study of a Portuguese Fishing Community. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. Cabral, Manuel Villaverde. "Portuguese Perspectives." Sociologia Ruralis [Journal of European Rural Sociology] XXIV, 1 (1986); number devoted to rural Portugal today. Chaney, Rick. Regional Emigration and Remittances in Developing Countries: The Portuguese Experience. New York: Praeger, 1986. Cole, Sally. Women of the Praia: Work and Lives in a Portuguese Colonial Community. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1991. Cutileiro, José. A Portuguese Rural Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.

   ■ Deschamps, Paul. Portugal: La Vie Sociale Actuelle. Paris, 1935.

   ■. Histoire Sociale du Portugal. Paris, 1959.

   ■ Dias, Jorge. Rio do Onor-comunitarismo agropastoral. Oporto, 1953.

   ■. Ensaios Etnológicos. Lisbon, 1961.

   ■. The Portuguese Contribution to Cultural Anthropology. Johannesburg: Witwaterstrand University Press, 1964.

   ■. Vilarinho Da Furna: Uma Aldeia Comunitária. Rev. ed. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Downs, Charles. Os Moradores à Conquista da Cidade. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■. "Community Organization, Political Change and Urban Policy: Portugal. 1974-1976." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology. University of California, 1980.

   ■. "Residents' Commissions and Urban Struggles in Revolutionary Portugal." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal: The Revolution and Its Consequences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Dracklé, Dorlé. Macht und Ohnmacht: Der Kampf num die Agarreform im Alentejo ( Portugal). Gottingen, Germany: Edit. Re, 1991.

   ■ Espírito Santo, Moise. Communidade Rural ao Norte do Tejo. Lisbon, 1980.

   ■ Feijó, Rui, H. Martins, and João de Pina Cabral, eds. Death in Portugal. Oxford: Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford, 1983.

   ■ Feijó, Rui Graça. "State, Nation and Regional Diversity in Portugal: An Overview." In Richard Herr and John H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity: Essays on the Nature of Identity in Portugal and Spain, 37-47. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, 1989.

   ■ Feio, Mariano. Les Bas Alentejo et l'Algarve. Lisbon, 1949.

   ■ Ferreira de Almeida, João. Classes sociais nos campos. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Fonseca, Ramiro da. O Livro da Saúde e da Doença. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Gallop, Rodney. Portugal: A Book of Folk-Ways. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1936. Reprinted, 1961.

   ■ Hoefgen, Lynn. "The Integration of Returnees from the Colonies into Portugal's Social and Economic Life." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, 1985.

   ■ Ingerson, Alice Elizabeth. "Corporatism and Class Consciousness in Northwestern Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology. Johns Hopkins University, 1984.

   ■ Jenkins, Robin. The Road to Alto. London: Pluto Press, 1979.

   ■ Lawrence, Denise. "Menstrual Politics: Women and Pigs in Rural Portugal." In T. Buckley and A. Gottlieb, eds., Blood Magic: The Anthropology of Menstruation, 117-36. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.

   ■. "Suburbanization of House Form and Gender Relations in a Rural Portuguese Agro-Town." Architecture and Behavior 4, 3 (1988): 197-212.

   ■ Martins, Hermínio. "Portugal." In Margaret S. Archer and Salvador Giner, eds., Contemporary Europe: Class, Status and Power. New York: St. Martins, 1971.

   ■ Mattoso, José. Identificação de um país. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Merten, Peter. Anarchismüs und Arbeiterkãmpf in Portugal. Hamburg: Libera-tare Association, 1981.

   ■ Monteiro, Paulo. Terra que ja foi terra: Análise Sociológica de nove lugares agro-pastorais da Serra da Lousã. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Nataf, Daniel. "Social Cleavages and Regime Formation in Contemporary Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Political Science, UCLA, 1987.

   ■ Nazareth, J. Manuel. "Familia e Emigração em Portugal: Ensaio Exploratório." Economia e Socialismo 23 (1977): 31-50.

   ■ O'Neill, Brian Juan. "Dying and Inheriting in Rural Tras-os-Montes." Journal of the Anthropological Society of Oxford 14 (1983): 44-74.

   ■. Social Inequality in a Portuguese Hamlet: Land, Late Marriage, and Inheritance, 1870-1978. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

   ■ Pacheco, Helder. Tradições Populares de Portugal. Lisbon, 1985.

   ■ Pardoe, Julia. Traits and Traditions of Portugal, 2 vols. London, 1832.

   ■ Pereira Neto, João Baptista. "Social Evolution in Portugal since 1945." In Raymond S. Sayers, ed., Portugal and Brazil in Transition, 212-27. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1968.

   ■ Pina-Cabral, João de. Sons of Adam, Daughters of Eve: The Peasant World-View of the Alto Minho. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986.

   ■. "Sociocultural Differentiation and Regional Identity in Portugal." In

   ■ R. Herr and J. H. Polt, eds., Iberian Identity, 3-18. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, 1989.

   ■ Poinard, Michel. La Retour des Traveilleurs Portugais. Paris: La Documentation Francaise, 1979.

   ■ Reed, Robert Roy. "Managing the Revolution: Revolutionary Promise and Political Reality in Rural Portugal." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, 1988.

   ■ Riegelhaupt, Joyce F. "In the Shadow of the City: Integration of a Portuguese Village" [São João das Lampas, nr, Cascais]. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, 1964.

   ■. "Saloio Women: An Analysis of Informal and Formal Political and Economic Roles of Portuguese Peasant Women." Anthropological Quarterly 40, 3 (July 1967): 109-26.

   ■. "Festas and Padres: The Organization of Religious Action in a Portuguese Parish." American Anthropologist 75 (1973): 835-52.

   ■. "Peasants and Politics in Salazar's Portugal: The Corporate State and Village 'Nonpolitics'" In L. S. Graham and H. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal: The Revolution and Its Antecedents, 167-90. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, Julieta E. S. de Almeida. "Continuity and Change in Urban Portuguese Women's Roles: Emerging New Household Structures." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Sociology, Columbia University, 1979.

   ■ Rowland, Robert. "Demographic Patterns and Rural Society in Portugal." So-ciologica Ruralis 26, 1 (1986): 36-47.

   ■ Sanchis, Pierre. Arraial. La Fête d'un Peuple: Les Pélerinages Populaires au Portugal. Paris, 1976.

   ■ Siegel, Bernard J. "Social Structure and Medical Practitioners in Rural Brazil and Portugal." Sociologia (São Paulo) 20, 4 (Oct. 1958): 463-76.

   ■. "Conflict, Parochialism and Social Differentiation in Portuguese Society." Journal of Conflict Resolution V, 1 (March 1961): 35-12.

   ■ Smith, T. Lynn. "The Social Relationships of Man to the Land in Portugal." Sociologia 25, 1 (Dec. 1963): 319-43.

   ■ Sousa Santos, Boaventura. "Estado e sociedade na semiperíferia do sistema mundiale: O caso português." Análise Social 87-89 (1985): 869-902.

   ■. "Social Crisis and the State." In Kenneth Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s: Dilemmas of Democratic Consolidation, 167-95. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Vasconcellos, Joaquim Leite de. Ethnograia Portuguesa, 8 vols. Lisbon, 1941-82.

   ■. Tradições Populares Portugueses. New ed. Lisbon, 1986.

   ■ Willems, Emilio. "On Portuguese Family Structure." International Journal of Comparative Society (Dharwar, India) 3, 1 (Sept. 1962): 65-79.

   ■ ARTS, ARCHITECTURE, URBAN PLANNING, MUSIC

   ■ Almeida, Rodrigo Vicente de. História da Arte em Portugal: ( Segundo Estudo) Documentos lnéditos. Oporto, 1883. Almeida D'Eca, Admiral Vicente M. Castles of Portugal. Lisbon, 1925. Amaral, Francisco K. Lisboa: Uma Cidade em Transformação. Lisbon, 1969. Azevedo, Carlos de, and Chester Brummel. Churches of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1985.

   ■ Barreira, João, ed. Arte Portuguesa: As Decorativas, 2 vols. Lisbon, n.d.

   ■ Barretto, Mascarenhas, and George Dykes. Fado: Lyrical Origins and Poetical Motivation. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. London: Scala, 1987.

   ■ Branco, Luís de Freitas. A Música em Portugal. Lisbon, 1930.

   ■ Brito, Manuel Carlos de. Opera in Portugal in the Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

   ■ Carvalho, Pinto de. História de Fado. Lisbon, 1903 and 1982 eds.

   ■ Castro d'Aire, Teresa. O Fado. Lisbon: Temas da Actualidade, 1996.

   ■ Chicó, Mário Tavares. A Architectura Gótica em Portugal. Lisbon, 1968.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. A Arte em Portugal No Século XIX. Lisbon, 1966.

   ■. Lisboa Pombalina e o Illuminismo, 2nd ed. Lisbon, 1977.

   ■. A Reconstrucão e a Arquitectura Pombalina. Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Gallop, Rodney. "The Fado (The Portuguese Song of Fate)." Musical Quarterly XIX (1933): 199-213.

   ■. Eight Portuguese Folksongs. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936.

   ■ Gil, Júlio. The Finest Churches in Portugal. Lisbon, 1988.

   ■. The Finest Castles in Portugal, 3rd ed. George F. W. Dykes, trans. Lisbon, 1996.

   ■ Gonçalves, Rui Mário. Pintura e escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura, 1984.

   ■. 100 Pintores Portugueses do século XX. Lisbon: Alfa, 1986.

   ■ Kubler, George. Portuguese Plain Architecture: Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521-1706. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1972.

   ■. Studies in Ancient American and European Art: The Collected Essays of George Kubler. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1985.

   ■, and Martin Soria. Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1959.

   ■ Lacerda, Aarão de. História da Arte em Portugal, 2 vols. Oporto, 1942-48.

   ■ Leão, Joaquim de Sousa. "Decorative Art: The Azulejo." In H. V. Livermore, ed. Portugal and Brazil: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1953.

   ■ Lopes Graça, Fernando. A canção popular portuguesa. Lisbon, 1953.

   ■. A música portuguesa e os sus problemas: Ensaios. Lisbon, 1959.

   ■ Moita, Luís. O fado: canção de vencidos. Lisbon, 1936.

   ■ Neves, José Cassiano. The Palace and Gardens of Fronteira: Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Portuguese Style. Lisbon: Quetzal and Scala, 1995. North, C.T. Guia dos castelos antigos de Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon: Bertrand Ed., 2002.

   ■ Pacheco, Jose. Stuart Carvalhais. O desenho grafico e a imprensa. Lisbon: Biblioteca do Empresario, 2000. Pereira, Paulo, ed. Arte portuguesa. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1995. Picchio, Luciana Stegagno. Storia del Teatro Portoghese. Rome: Edizinio deli' Ateneo, 1964.

   ■ Queirós, José. Cerâmica Portuguesa, 2 vols. 2nd rev. ed. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Santos, Luís Reis. Monuments of Portugal. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■ Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1948-50.

   ■. História da Arte em Portugal. Oporto, 1953.

   ■ Sasportes, José. História da Dança em Portugal. Lisbon, 1970. Simões, J. M. dos Santos. "Azulejos in a Land of Many Colours." Connoisseur (London) CXXXVII, 551 (1956): 15-21.

   ■. Azulejaria em Portugal no Século X VIII. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. A Talha em Portugal. Lisbon, 1963.

   ■. The Art of Portugal, 1500-1800. London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968.

   ■. "The Building of Mafra." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 360-67.

   ■ Stoop, Anne de. Demeures portugaises dans les environs de Lisbonne. Paris: Weber, 1986.

   ■. Palais et manoirs: Le Minho. Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 1995.

   ■ Tannock, Michael. Portuguese 20th Century Artists: A Biographical Dictionary. Chichester, U.K.: Phillimore, 1978.

   ■ Taylor, René. "The Architecture of Port Wine." The Architectural Review CXXIX, 772 (1961): 368-99.

   ■ Terol, Marylene. Azulejos a Lisbonne. Paris: Hervas, 1992.

   ■ Veiga de Oliveira, Ernesto. Instrumentos musicais populares portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Watson, Walter Crum. Portuguese Architecture. London: Constable, 1908. Wohl, Hellmut. "Carlos Mardel and His Lisbon Architecture." Apollo 97, 134 (April 1973): 350-59.

   ■ Sculpture and Ceramics

   ■ Andrade, Sergio de. "Presepios." In Dicionario de Arte Barroca em Portugal. Lisbon: Presenca, 1989. Barreira, Joao. Arte Portuguesa, Arquitectura e Escultura. Lisbon: Excelsior, n.d.

   ■ Cardoso, Arnaldo Pinto. O Presepio Barroco Portugues. Lisbon: Bertrand, 2003.

   ■ Chaves, Luis. Os Barristas Portugueses. Coimbra, 1925.

   ■. Natal Portugues. Oporto: Liv. Classica Editora, 1942.

   ■ Gargano, Pietro. Il Presepio. Otto Secoli di Storia, Arte, Tradizione. Milan: Fenice, 1995.

   ■ Lima, Henrique de Campos F. Joaquim Machado de Castro, Escultor Conimbricense. Coimbra: Instituto de Historia de Arte, 1989. Macedo, Diogo de. Presepios Portugueses. Lisbon: Artis, 1951.

   ■. Machado de Castro. Lisbon: Artis, 1958.

   ■ Morais, Heitor. Natal do Meu Coracao. Braga: Ed. A.O., 1991.

   ■ Pais, Alexandre Nobre. Presepios Portugueses Monumentos do Seculo XVIII em Terracotta, 2 vols. Master's thesis in history of art, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Queiros, Jose. Ceramica Portuguesa. Lisbon: Presenca, 1998. Santos, Reinaldo dos. A Escultura em Portugal. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1951. Serrao, Vitor. Historia da Arte em Portugal IV-O Barroco. Lisbon: Presenca, 2003.

   ■ Smith, Robert C. The Art Of Portugal 1500-1800. New York: Meredith Press, 1968.

   ■ Sousa, Ernesto de. Presepios. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1998.

   ■ Cinema

   ■ Antunes, Joao and Jose de Matos-Cruz, Cinema Portugues 1896-1998. Lisbon: Lusomundo, 1997.

   ■ Bandeira, Jose Gomes. Porto: 100 anos de cinema portugues. Oporto: Camara Municipal do Porto, 1996. Duarte, Fernando. Primitivos do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Cinecultura, 1960.

   ■ Faria de Almeida, M., Resumo da Historia do Cinema. Lisbon: RTP, 1982. Nobre, Roberto. Singularidades do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Portugalia, n.d.

   ■ Pina, Luis de. Aventura do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Vega, 1977.

   ■. Documentarismo Portugues. Lisbon: IPC, 1977.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Historia do Cinema Portugues. Mem Martins: Europa-America, 1986.

   ■ Ribeiro, Felix. O Cinema Portugues antes do Sonoro. Esboco Historiconema Portugues. Lisbon: Terra Livre, 1978.

   ■. Panorama do Cinema Portugues. Lisbon: n.d.

   ■ Children's Literature

   ■ Andresen, Sofia de Melo Breyner. A Fada Oriana. 9th ed. Lisbon: Figueiri-nhas, 1985.

   ■ Araújo, Matilde Rosa. A estrada fascinante. Lisbon: Livros Horizonte, 1988. Barreto, Garcia. Literatura Para Crianças E Jovens Em Portugal. Oporto:

   ■ Campo Das Letras, 1998. Bastos, Glória. A escrita para crianças em Portugal no seculo XIX. Lisbon:

   ■ Caminho da Educaçao, 1997. Cadet, Maria Rita Chiappe. Os Contos da Mamã. Lisbon: Lallement Freres, 1883.

   ■ Castro, Fernanda. Mariazinha em Africa, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1947. Cross, Esther, and Wilbur Cross. Portugal. Chicago: Childrens Press, 1986. DeSkalon, Anna, and Christa Stadtler. We Live in Portugal. New York: Watts, 1987.

   ■ Gomes, Alice. A Nau Catrineta, 2nd ed. Lisbon: Portugália, 1973.

   ■. A literatura para a infância. Lisbon: Torres & Abreu, 1979.

   ■ Letria, José Jorge. Do sentimento mágico da vida. Lisbon: Escritor, 1994. Müller, Adolfo Simões. Historiazinha de Portugal, 6th ed. Oporto: Tavares Martins, 1983.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. Para as crianças. Illustr. by Leal da Câmara. Setúbal: Liv. Crianças, 1908.

   ■ Pires, Maria Laura Bettencourt. História da literatura infantil portuguesa. Lisbon: Vega, 1981. Ribeiro, Aquilino. Arca de Noé-III Classe. Lisbon, 1989. Rocha, Natércia. Breve História da Literatura para Crianças em Portugal. Lisbon: Instituto de Cultura e Língua Portuguesa, 1984.

   ■. Bibliografia geral da literatura portuguesa para crianças. Lisbon: Edit. Comunicação, 1987.

   ■ Sá, Domingos Guimarães de. A literatura infantil em Portugal. Braga: Edit. Franciscana, 1981.

   ■ Selfridge. John. Portugal. New York: Chelsea House, 1990. Vaz de Carvalho, Maria Amália. Contos para os Nossos Filhos, 11th ed. Oporto: Barreira, 1947.

   ■ Viana, António Manuel Couto. Jõao de Deus e um século de literatura infantil em Portugal. Lisbon: Ed. do Templo, 1978.

   ■ Lisbon, Capital City, in History and Literature

   ■ Castelo-Branco, Fernando. Lisboa Seiscentista, 3rd ed. Lisbon: 1969.

   ■ Castilho, Júlio de. Lisboa Antiga, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1935-45.

   ■ Couto, Dejanirah. Histoire de Lisbonne. Paris: Fayard, 2000.

   ■ Crespo, Ángel. Lisboa Mítica e Literária. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1987.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Lisboa Desaparecida. Lisbon: Quimera, 1990.

   ■ Dionísio, Sant'anna, ed. Guia de Portugal. Vol. I: Lisboa e Arredores. Lisbon: Biblioteca Nacional de Lisboa, 1924, orig. ed; reprint, Gulbenkian Foundation, 1979.

   ■ França, José-Augusto. Lisboa Pombalina e o Iluminismo. Lisbon: Bertrand, 1977.

   ■ Moita, Irisalva, ed. O Livro de Lisboa. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1994.

   ■ Neves, Orlando. Lisboa em Crónica. Lisbon: Author's Ed., 1968.

   ■ Pavão, Luís, and Mário Pereira. Tabernas de Lisboa. Lisbon: Assírio & Alvim, 1981.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Lisboa. O que o turista deve ver: What the Tourist Should See. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1997.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. À Capital. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1960.

   ■ Santos, Piedade Braga, et al. Lisboa Setecentista vista por Estrangeiros. Lisbon: Liv. Horizonte, 1996.

   ■ Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa. Lisbon: Caminho, 1993.

   ■ Wright, David, and Patrick Swift. Lisbon: A Portrait and Guide. New York: Scribners, 1971.

   ■ The Inquisition in History

   ■ Azevedo, João Lúcio. Historia das Cristãos-Novos. Lisbon: Liv. Clássica, 1975.

   ■ Baião, António. A Inquisição em Portugal e no Brasil: Subsídios para a sua história. Lisbon: Arquivo Histórico Portugues, 1906. Bethencourt, Francisco. "Portugal: A Scrupulous Inquisition," In Bengt Ankarloo and Gustav Henningsen, eds., Early Modern Witchcraft: Centres and Peripheries, 403-22. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.

   ■. "Os equilíbrios sociais do Poder." In José Mattoso, ed., Historia De Portugal, Vol. 3, No Alvorecer Da Modernidade ( 1480-1620). Lisbon: Estampa, 1993.

   ■. História das Inquisições: Portugal, Espanha e Itália. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1994.

   ■ Braga, Maria Luísa. A Inquisição em Portugal na primeira metade do Séc. XVIII. Lisbon: Inst. Nacional de Investigação Científica, 1992.

   ■ Haliczer, Stephen, ed. Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe. London: Croom Helm, 1987.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. Reprint. New York: AMS Press, 1968.

   ■ Magalhães, Joaquim Romero. "Em Busca dos Tempos da Inquisição (15731615)." Revista de História das Ideias 9 (1987): 191-228.

   ■ Mea, Elvira Cunha Azevedo. A Inquisição de Coimbra no Século XVI. Oporto, 1989.

   ■ Mendonça, José Lourenço D. de, and António Joaquim Moreira. História da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon: Círculo de Leitores, 1980.

   ■ Novinsky, Anita, and Luísa M. Carneiro, eds. Inquisição: Ensaios sobre Mentalidade, Heresias e Arte. Rio de Janeiro: Expressão e Cultura, 1992.

   ■ Pereira, Isais da Rosa. Documentos para a história da Inquisição em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Rego, Yvonne Cunha, ed. Feiticeiros, Profetas e Visionários: Textos Antigos Portugueses. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional e Casa da Moeda, 1981.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. Inquisição e cristãos-novos. Lisbon: Estampa, 1985.

   ■ Walker, Timothy Dale. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, Department of History, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Literature in English Translation: Selection

   ■ Alcaforado, Mariana. The Letters of a Portuguese Nun ( Mariana Alcaforado). Edgar Prestage, trans. London: D. Nutt, 1893.

   ■ Andrade, Eugénio de. "White on White." Alexis Levitin, trans. Quarterly Review of Literature. Poetry Series VIII. Vol. 27. Princeton, N.J., 1987.

   ■. Another Name for Earth; O outro nome da terra. Alexis Levitin, trans. Ft. Bragg, Calif.: QED Press, 1997.

   ■ Andresen, Sophia de Mello Breyner. Marine Rose: Selected Poems. Ruth Fain-light, trans. Redding Ridge, Conn.: Swan Books, 1989.

   ■ Antunes, António Lobo. South of Nowhere. Elizabeth Lowe, trans. New York: Random House, 1983.

   ■. Fado Alexandrino. Gregory Rabassa, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1990.

   ■. An Explanation of the Birds. Richard Zenith, trans. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1991.

   ■. Act of the Damned. New York: Grove Press, 1995.

   ■. The Natural Order of Things. New York: Grove Press, 2000.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. The Three Marias: New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Bell, Aubrey F. G. Poems from the Portuguese ( with the Portuguese text). A.

   ■ Bell, trans. Oxford: Blackwell, 1913.

   ■ Camões, Luís de. The Lusiads of Luís de Camões. Leonard Bacon, trans. New York: Hispanic Society of America, 1950.

   ■. The Lusiads. William C. Atkinson, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1952.

   ■. The Lusiads. Landeg White, trans. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

   ■ Castelo Branco, Camilo. Doomed Love ( A Family Memoir). Alice R. Clemente, trans Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1995. Castro, José Maria Ferreira de. Emigrants. Dorothy Ball, trans. New York: Macmillan, 1962.

   ■. Jungle. Charles Duff, trans. New York: Viking, 1935.

   ■. The Mission. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1963.

   ■ Dantas, Júlio. The Cardinals' Collation, 48th ed. A. Saintsbury, trans. London, 1962.

   ■ Dias de Melo. Dark Stones. Gregory McNab, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1996.

   ■ Dinis, Júlio. The Fidalgos of Casa Mourisca. Rosanna Dabney, trans. Boston: D. Lothrop, 1891.

   ■ Garrett, Almeida. Brother Luiz de Sousa [play]. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: Elkin Mathess, 1909.

   ■. Travels in My Homeland. John M. Parker, trans. London: Peter Owen and UNESCO, 1987. Griffin, Jonathan. Camões: Some Poems Translated from the Portuguese by Jonathan Griffin. London: Menard Press, 1976. Jorge, Lídia. The Murmuring Coast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1995.

   ■ Lisboa, Eugénio, ed. Portuguese Short Fiction. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1997.

   ■ Lopes, Fernão. The English in Portugal 1367-87: Extracts from the Chronicles of Dom Fernando and Dom João. Derek W. Lomax and R. J. Oakley, eds. and trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1988.

   ■ Macedo, Helder, ed. Contemporary Portuguese Poetry: An Anthology in English. Helder Macedo, et al., trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet New Press, 1978.

   ■ Martins, J. P. De Oliveira. A History of Iberian Civilization. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans.; preface by Salvador de Madariaga. New York: Cooper Square, 1969.

   ■ Mendes Pinto, Fernão. The Travels of Mendes Pinto [Orig. title: Peregrinação].

   ■ Rebecca D. Catz, trans., with introduction and notes. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Miguéis, José Rodrigues. A Man Smiles at Death with Half a Face. George

   ■ Monteiro, trans. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1991.

   ■. Happy Easter. John Byrne, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■. Steerage and Ten Other Stories. George Monteiro, ed. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1998. Monteiro, Luís De Sttau. The Rules of the Game. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Hamilton, 1965.

   ■ Mourão-Ferreira, David. Lucky in Love. Christine Robinson, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1999. Namora, Fernando. Field of Fate. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1970.

   ■. Mountain Doctor. Dorothy Ball, trans. London: Macmillan, 1956.

   ■ Nemésio, Vitorino. Inclement Weather over the Channel. Francisco Cota Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1993.

   ■. Stormy Isles: An Azorean Tale. Francisco C. Fagundes, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 2000.

   ■ Paço D'Arcos, Joaquim. Memoirs of a Banknote. Robert Lyle, trans. London, 1968.

   ■ Pedroso, Consiglieri, comp. Portuguese Folk-Tales. Henriqueta Monteiro, trans. Reprint of orig. 1882 ed. New York: Benjamin Blom, 1969.

   ■ Pessoa, Fernando. Fernando Pessoa: Sixty Portuguese Poems. F. E. G. Quintanilha, ed. and trans. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1971.

   ■. Selected Poems: Fernando Pessoa. 2nd rev. ed. Jonathan Griffin, trans. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1982.

   ■. The Book of Disquiet. Alfred MacAdams, trans. New York: Pantheon, 1991.

   ■. Fernando Pessoa: Selected Poems. Peter Rickard, ed. and trans. Edinburgh, U.K.: Edinburgh University Press, 1991.

   ■. "The Mariner: A 'Static Drama' in One Act." In Translation: Portugal.

   ■ George Ritchie, et al., trans. The Journal of Literary Translation. Vol. XXV, 38-56. New York: Translation Center, Columbia University, 1991.

   ■. Message: Bilingual Edition. Jonathan Griffin, trans. London: Menard Press and King's College, 1992.

   ■ Pires, José Cardoso. Ballad of a Dog's Beach. Mary Fitton, trans. London: J. M. Dent, 1986.

   ■ Queirós, José Maria Eça de. Cousin Bazilio. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1953.

   ■. The Relic. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1954.

   ■. The City and the Mountains. Roy Campbell, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1955.

   ■. The Sin of Father Amaro. Nan Flanagan, trans. London: Max Reinhardt, 1962.

   ■. The Maias. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1965.

   ■. The Illustrious House of Ramires. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■. Letters from England. Ann Stevens, trans. London: Bodley Head, 1970.

   ■. To the Capital. John Vetch, trans. Manchester, U.K.: Carcanet, 1995.

   ■ Quental, Antero de. Sixty-four Sonnets. Edgar Prestage, trans. London: David Nutt, 1894.

   ■ Redol, Alves. The Man with Seven Names. L. L. Barrett, trans. New York: Knopf, 1964.

   ■ Resende, André de. André deResende's 'Poema Latina'/ 'Latinpoems.' J. C. R. Martyn, ed. and trans. Lewiston N.Y.: Lampeter and Edwin Mellen, 1998. Ribeiro, Aquilino. When the Wolves Howl. Patricia McGowan Pinheiro, trans. New York: Macmillan; London: Cape, 1963. Sá Carneiro, Mário de. The Great Shadow ( and Other Stories). Margaret Jull Costa, trans. Sawtry, U.K.: Dedalus, 1996. Santareno, Bernardo. The Promise. Nelson H. Vieira, trans. Providence, R.I.: Gávea-Brown, 1981.

   ■ Saramago, José. Baltasar and Blimunda. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1987.

   ■. The Stone Raft. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The Year of the Death of Ricardo Reis. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1991.

   ■. The History of the Siege of Lisbon. Giovanni Pontiero, trans. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1996.

   ■. Blindness. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1999.

   ■. Tale of the Unknown Island. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2000.

   ■. All the Names. Margaret Jull Costa, trans. New York: Harcourt, 2000.

   ■. Journey to Portugal. New York: Harcourt Brace, 2001.

   ■ Sena, Jorge de. The Poetry of Jorge de Sena: A Bilingual Selection. Frederick G. Williams et al., trans. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Mudborn Press, 1980.

   ■. By the Rivers of Babylon and Other Stories. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1989.

   ■ Vicente, Gil. Four Plays of Gil Vicente: Edited from the Editio Princeps ( 1562). Aubrey F. G. Bell, ed. and trans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1920.

   ■. Lyrics of Gil Vicente. Aubrey F. G. Bell, trans. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Hispanic Notes and Monographs, Portuguese Series 1, 1921.

   ■. The Play of Rubena. Jack E. Tomlins, trans.; Rene P. Garay and José I. Suarez, eds. New York: National Hispanic Foundation for Humanities, 1993.

   ■. The Boat Plays. David Johnston, trans. and adaptation. London: Oberon, 1996.

   ■. Three Discovery Plays. Anthony Lappin, trans. Warminster, U.K.: Aris & Phillips, 1997.

   ■ Vieira, António. Dust Thou Art. Rev. W. Anderson, trans. London, 1882.

   ■ Portuguese and Portuguese-American Cooking: Cuisine

   ■ Anderson, Jean. Food of Portugal. New York: Hearst, 1994. Asselin, E. Donald. A Portuguese-American Cookbook. Rutland, Vt.: Charles E. Tuttle, 1966.

   ■ Bourne, Ursula. Portuguese Cookery. Harmondsworth, U.K.: Penguin, 1973. Crato, Maria Helena Tavares. Cozinha Portuguesa I, II. Lisbon: Editorial Presença, 1978.

   ■ Dienhart, Miriam, and Anne Emerson, ed. Cooking in Portugal. Cascais: American Women of Lisbon, 1978.

   ■ Feibleman, Peter S. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. New York: Time-Life Books; Foods of the World, 1969.

   ■ Koehler, Margaret H. Recipes from the Portuguese of Provincetown. Riverside, Conn.: Chatham Press, 1973. Manjny, Maite. The Home Book of Portuguese Cookery. London: Faber & Faber, 1974.

   ■ Marques, Susan Lowndes. Good Food from Spain and Portugal. London: Muller, 1956.

   ■ Modesto, Maria de Lourdes. Cozinha Tradicional Portuguesa. Lisbon: Verbo, 1982.

   ■ Ortiz, Elisabeth Lambert. The Food of Spain and Portugal. The Complete Iberian Cuisine. New York: Atheneum, 1989. Pinto, Elvira. La Bonne Cuisine Portugaise. Paris: Edicions Garanciere, 1985.

   ■ Robertson, Carol. Portuguese Cooking: The Authentic and Robust Cuisine of Portugal. Berkeley Calif.: North Atlantic, 1993. Schmaeling, Tony. The Cooking of Spain and Portugal. Ware, U.K.: Omega, 1983.

   ■ Vieira, Édite. The Taste of Portugal. London: Robinson, 1989.

   ■ Von Treskow, Maria. Zü Gast in Portugal: Eine Kulnarische Reise in Garten Europas. Weingarten: Kunstverlag, 1989. Wright, Carol. Portuguese Food. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■. Self-catering in Portugal: Making the Most of Local Food and Drink. London: Croom Helm, 1986.

   ■ Gardens and Gardening of Portugal and Madeira

   ■ Afonso, Simonetta Luz, and Angela Delaforce. Palace of Queluz— The Gardens. Lisbon, 1989.

   ■ Araújo, Iluídio Alves de. Arte Paisagista e Arte das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1962.

   ■ Azeredo, Francisco de. Casas Senhoriais Portuguesas. Barcelos, 1986.

   ■ Binney, Marcus. Country Manors of Portugal. New York: Scala Books, 1987.

   ■ Bowe, Patrick, and Nicolas Sapieha. Gardens of Portugal. New York: Scala Books and Harper and Row, 1989.

   ■ Cane, Florence du. The Flowers and Gardens of Madeira. London, 1924.

   ■ Cardoso, Pedro Homem, and Helder Carita. Da Grandeza das Jardins em Portugal. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Carita, Helder, and Homem Cardoso. Portuguese Gardens. London: Antique Collector's Club, 1987.

   ■ Costa, António da, and Luís de O. Franquinho. Madeira: Plantas e Floras. Funchal, 1986.

   ■ Nichols, Rose Standish. Spanish and Portuguese Gardens. Boston, 1926.

   ■ Pereira, Arthur D. Sintra and Its Farm Manors. Sintra, 1983.

   ■ Sampaio, Gonçalo. Flora Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Sitwell, Sacheverell. Portugal and Madeira. London: Batsford, 1945.

   ■ Underwood, John, and Pat Underwood. Landscapes of Madeira. London, 1980.

   ■ Vieira, Rui. Flowers of Madeira. Funchal, 1973.

   ■ Viterbo, Francisco Marques de Sousa. A Jardinagem em Portugal, 2 vols. Coimbra, 1906-9.

   ■ Education, Science, Health, and Medical History

   ■ Albuquerque, Luís de. Estudos de História, 3 vols. Coimbra, 1973-81.

   ■. Ciência e experiência nos Descobrimentos portugueses. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. Para a História de Ciência em Portugal. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■. As Navegaçoes E A Sua Projecção Na Ciência E Na Cultura. Lisbon, 1987.

   ■ Baião, Antônio. Episódios Dramáticos da Inquisição Portuguesa, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1936-55.

   ■ Cabreira, Antônio. Portugal nos mares e nas ciências. Lisbon, 1929. Carvalho, Rômulo de. A Astronomia em Portugal (séc. xviii). Lisbon, 1985. Fernandes, Barahona. Egas Moniz: Pioneiro de descobrimentos médicos. Lisbon, 1983.

   ■ Gaitonde, P. D. Portuguese Pioneers in India: Spotlight on Medicine. London: Sangam Books, 1983.

   ■ Hanson, Carl A. "Portuguese Cosmology in the Late Seventeenth Century." In Benjamin F. Taggie and Richard W. Clement, eds., Iberia & the Mediterranean, 75-85. Warrensburg: Central Missouri State University, 1989.

   ■ Higgins, Michael H., and Charles F. S. de Winton. Survey of Education in Portugal. London, 1942.

   ■ Hirsch, Elizabeth Feist. Damião de Góis: The Life and Thought of a Portuguese Humanist. The Hague, 1967.

   ■ Lemos, Maximiano. Arquivos de História da Medicina Portuguesa. Several vols. Lisbon, 1886-1923. Vol. I. História da Medicina em Portugal. Doutrina e Instituições. Lisbon, 1899.

   ■ Mira, Matias Ferreira de. História da Medicina Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ Orta, Garcia de. Colóquios dos Simples e Drogas e Cousas Medicinais da India. Conde de Ficalho, ed., 2 vols. Lisbon, 1891-95.

   ■ Osório, J. Pereira. História e Desenvolvimento da Ciência em Portugal, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1986-89.

   ■ Pina, Luís de. "Uma prioridade portuguesa do século XVI. João de Barros e a Dactiloscópia Oriental." Arquivo da Repartição de Antropologia Criminal IV (1936).

   ■. "As Ciências na História do Império Colonial Português — Séculos XV a XIX." Anais de Faculdade de Ciências do Porto ( 1939-10).

   ■. "Os Portugueses Mestres de Ciência e Metras no Estrangeiro." Actas do Congresso do Mundo Português. Lisbon, 1940.

   ■. "A Ciência em Portugal (bosquejo Histórico)." In Secretariado Nacional da Informação, ed., Portugal: Breviário Da Pátria Para Os Portugueses Ausentes, 277-301. Lisbon, 1946.

   ■ Richards, Robert A. C., ed. Guide to World Science: Vol. 9: Spain and Portugal, 2nd ed. Guernsey, U.K.: F. H. Books, 1974.

   ■ Saraiva, António José. História da Cultura em Portugal, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1950-62.

   ■ ———. "João de Barros." In Serrao, ed., Dicionário de História de Portugal 1 (1963): 307-8.

   ■ Silvestre Ribeiro, José. História dos Establecimentos Scientíficos, Literários e Artísticos de Portugal nos Successivos Reinados da Monarchia, 3 vols. Lisbon, 1871-83.

   ■ Veiga-Pires, J. A., and Ronald G. Grainger, eds. Pioneers in Angiography: The Portuguese School ofAngiography. Lancaster, U.K.: MTP Press, 1982.

   ■ Walker, Timothy. "Doctors, Folk Medicine and the Inquisition: The Repression of Popular Healing in Portugal during the Enlightenment Era." Ph.D. dissertation, History Department, Boston University, 2001.

   ■ Feminism and Women's Studies

   ■ Barbosa, Madelena. "Women in Portugal." Women's Studies International Quarterly 4 (1981): 477-80.

   ■ Barreno, Maria Isabel, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa. Novas Cartas Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1972.

   ■ ———. The Three Marias. New Portuguese Letters. Helen R. Lane, trans. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

   ■ Brettell, Caroline B. We Have Already Cried Many Tears: The Stories of Three Portuguese Migrant Women. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman, 1982.

   ■ Ferreira, Virginia. "Engendering Portugal: Social Change, State Politics, and Women's Social Mobilization." In António Costa Pinto, ed., Modern Portugal, 162-88. Palo Alto, Calif.: SPOSS, 1998.

   ■ Goodwin, Mary. "Portuguese Feminism." Portuguese Studies Newsletter 17 (Spring-Summer 1987): 12-13.

   ■ Lamas, Maria. As Mulheres do Meu País. Lisbon, 1948.

   ■ "Mulheres Portuguesas e Feminismo." Análise Social [special number on Portuguese Women and Feminism] 22 (1986): 92-93.

   ■ Osório, Ana de Castro. As Mulheres Portuguesas. Lisbon, 1905.

   ■ Sadlier, Darlene J. The Question of How: Women Writers and New Portuguese Literature. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood; Contributions in Women's Studies, no. 109, 1989.

   ■ Silva, Manuela. The Employment of Women in Portugal. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications, European Communities, 1984. Velho da Costa, Maria. Maina Mendes. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■ Vicente, Ana, and Maria Reynolds de Souza. Family Planning in Portugal. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Religion and Catholic Church

   ■ Almeida, Fortunato de. História da Igreja em Portugal. 6 vols. Coimbra, 1910-24, and Oporto, 1967-72. Alonso, Joaquim Maria. The Secret of Fátima: Fact and Legend. Cambridge, Mass.: Ravengate Press, 1979. Alves, José da Felicidade, ed. Católicos e política de Humberto Delgado à Marcelo Caetano. Lisbon, 1969. Araújo, Miguel de, ed. Dicionario político; 1; Os Bispos e a revoluçao de Abril. Lisbon, 1976. Bishko, Charles Julian. Spanish and Portuguese Monastic History 600-1300. London, Variorum Reprints, 1984.

   ■ Blanshard, Paul. Freedom and Catholic Power in Spain and Portugal. Boston: Beacon Press, 1962.

   ■ Boxer, C. R. The Church Militant and Iberian Expansion 1440-1770. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978. Bruneau, Thomas C. "Church and State in Portugal: Crises of Cross and Sword." Journal of Church and State XVIII (1976): 463-90. Freire, José Geraldes. Resistência Católico ao Salazarismo-Marcelismo. Oporto, 1976.

   ■ Herculano, Alexandre. History of the Origin and Establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. John C. Banner, trans. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1962.

   ■ IPOPE. Estudo sobre liberdade e religião em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973. Johnston, Francis. Fátima: The Great Sign. Chulmleigh, U.K.: Augustine Publications, 1980.

   ■ Kondor, Fr. Louis. Fátima in Lucia's Own Words: Sister Lucia's Memoirs. Fatima: Postulation Center, 1976. Lourenço, Joaquim Maria. Situação jurídica da Igreja em Portugal. Coimbra, 1943.

   ■ Mattoso, José. Religião e Cultura na Idade Média Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1982. Miller, Samuel J. Portugal and Rome c. 1748-1830: An Aspect of Catholic Enlightenment. Rome: Universita Gregoriana Editrice, 1978. O'Malley, John W. The First Jesuits. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993.

   ■ Pattee, Richard. Portugal and the Portuguese World. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Bruce, 1957.

   ■ Prestage, Edgar. Portugal: A Pioneer of Christianity. Lisbon, 1945.

   ■ Richard, Robert. Etudes sur l'histoire morale et religieuse de Portugal. Paris: Centro Cultural de Gulbenkian, 1970.

   ■ Robinson, Richard A. H. "The Religious Question and Catholic Revival in Portugal, 1900-1930." Journal of Contemporary History XII (1977): 345-62.

   ■. Contemporary Portugal: A History. London: Allen & Unwin, 1979.

   ■ Rodrigues, R. P. Francisco. História da Companhia de Jesus na Assistência de Portugal, 7 vols. Lisbon, 1931-50.

   ■ Roth, Cecil. A History of the Marranos. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1932.

   ■ Agriculture, Viticulture, and Fishing

   ■ Abreu-Ferreira, Darlene. "The Portuguese in Newfoundland: Documentary Evidence Examined." Portuguese Studies Review 4, 1 (1995-96): 11-33.

   ■ Allen, H. Warner. The Wines of Portugal. London: Michael Joseph, 1963.

   ■ Barros, Afonso de. A reforma agrária em Portugal. Oeiras, 1979.

   ■ Beamish, Huldine V. The Hills of Alentejo. London: Geoffrey Bles, 1958.

   ■ Bennett, Norman R. "The Golden Age of the Port Wine System, 1781-1807." The International History Review XII (1990): 221-18.

   ■ Black, Richard. "The Myth of Subsistence: Market Production in the Small Farm Sector of Northern Portugal." Iberian Studies 1, 8 (1989): 25-41.

   ■ Bravo, Pedro, and Duarte de Oliveira. Viticulture Moderna. Lisbon, 1974.

   ■. Vinhas e Vinhos De Portugal. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Cabral, Manuel V. "Agrarian Structures and Recent Movements in Portugal." Journal of Peasant Studies 4, 5 (July 1978): 411-45.

   ■ Cardoso, José Carvalho. A Agricultura Portuguesa. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Carvalho, Bento de. Guía Dos Vinhos Portugueses. Lisbon, 1982.

   ■ Clarke, Robert. Open Boat Whaling in the Azores: The History and Present Methods of a Relic Industry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1954.

   ■ Cockburn, Ernest. Port Wine and Oporto. London: Wine & Spirit, 1949. Cole, S. C. "Cod, Cod Country and Family: The Portuguese Newfoundland Fishery." Mast 3, 1 (1990): 1-29.

   ■ Coull, James. The Fisheries of Europe. London: G. Bell & Sons, 1972.

   ■ Croft-Cooke, Rupert. Port. London: Putnam, 1957.

   ■. Madeira. London: Putnam, 1961.

   ■ Delaforce, John. The Factory House at Oporto. London: Christie's Wine Publications, 1979 and later eds.

   ■ Doel, Patricia A. Port O'Call: Memories of the Portuguese White Fleet in St. John's Newfoundland. St. John's, Newfoundland: ISER, 1992.

   ■ Fletcher, Wyndham. Port: An Introduction to Its History and Delights. London: Bernet, 1978.

   ■ Francis, A. D. The Wine Trade. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1972.

   ■ Freitas, Eduardo, João Ferreira de Almeida, and Manuel Villaverde Cabral. Modalidades de penetração do capitalismo na agricultura: estruturas agrárias em Portugal Continental, 1950-1970. Lisbon, 1976.

   ■ Gonçalves, Francisco Esteves. Portugal: A Wine Country. Lisbon, 1984.

   ■ Gulbenkian Foundation. Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Kurlansky, Mark. Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. New York: Walker, 1997.

   ■ Malefakis, Edward. "Two Iberian Land Reforms Compared: Spain, 1931-1936 and Portugal, 1974—1978." In Gulbenkian Foundation, Agrarian Reform. Lisbon, 1981.

   ■ Moreira da Fonseca, A. Port Wine: Notes on Its History, Production and Technology. Oporto, 1981.

   ■ Moutinho, M. História da pesca do bacalhau. Lisbon: Imprensa Universitária, 1985.

   ■ Oliveira Marques, A. H. de. lntrodução a história da agricultura em Portugal.

   ■ Lisbon, 1968. Pato, Octávio. O Vinho. Lisbon, 1971.

   ■ Pearson, Scott R. Portuguese Agriculture in Transition. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1987.

   ■ Postgate, Raymond. Portuguese Wine. London: Dent, 1969.

   ■ Read, Jan. The Wines of Portugal. London: Faber & Faber, 1982.

   ■ Robertson, George. Port. London: Faber & Faber, 1982 ed.

   ■ Rutledge, Ian. "Land Reform and the Portuguese Revolution." Journal of Peasant Studies 5, 1 (Oct. 1977): 79-97.

   ■ Sanceau, Elaine. The British Factory at Oporto. Oporto, 1970.

   ■ Simon, Andre L. Port. London: Constable, 1934.

   ■ Simões, J. Os grandes trabalhadores do Mar: Reportagens na Terra Nova e na Groenlândia. Lisbon: Gazeta dos Caminho de Ferro, 1942.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992: Special Report. New York: Camões Center/RIIC, Columbia University, 1990.

   ■ Stanislawski, Dan. Landscapes of Bacchus: The Vine in Portugal. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970.

   ■ Teixeira, Carlos, and Victor M. Pereira da Rosa, eds. The Portuguese in Canada: From the Seat to the City. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2000.

   ■ Unwin, Tim. "Farmers' Perceptions of Agrarian Change in Northwest Portugal." Journal of Rural Studies 1, 4 (1985): 339-57.

   ■ Valadão do Valle, E. Bacalhau: tradições históricas e económicos. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Venables, Bernard. Baleia! The Whalers of Azores. London: Bodley Head, 1968.

   ■ Villiers, Alan. The Quest of the Schooner Argus: A Voyage to the Banks and Greenland. New York: Scribners, 1951. World Bank. Portugal: Agricultural Survey. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ ECONOMY, INDUSTRY, AND DEVELOPMENT

   ■ Aiyer, Srivain, and Shahid A. Chandry. Portugal and the E.E.C.: Employment and Implications. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Baklanoff, Eric N. The Economic Transformation of Spain and Portugal. New York: Praeger, 1978.

   ■. "Changing Systems: The Portuguese Revolution and the Public Enterprise Sector." ACES ( Association of Comparative Economic Studies) Bulletin 26 (Summer-Fall 1984): 63-76.

   ■. "Portugal's Political Economy: Old and New." In K. Maxwell and M. Haltzel, eds., Portugal: Ancient Country, Young Democracy, 37-59. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press, 1990.

   ■ Barbosa, Manuel P. Growth, Migration and the Balance of Payments in a Small, Open Economy. New York: Garland, 1984.

   ■ Braga de Macedo, Jorge, and Simon Serfaty, eds. Portugal since the Revolution: Economic and Political Perspectives. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1981.

   ■ Carvalho, Camilo, et al. Sabotagem Econômica: " Dossier" Banco Espírito Santo e Comercial de Lisboa. Lisbon, 1975.

   ■ Corkill, David. The Development of the Portuguese Economy: A Case of Euro-peanization. London: Routledge, 1999.

   ■ Cravinho, João. "The Portuguese Economy: Constraints and Opportunities." In K. Maxwell, ed., Portugal in the 1980s, 111-65. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1986.

   ■ Dornsbusch, Rudiger, Richard S. Eckhaus, and Lane Taylor. "Analysis and Projection of Macroeconomic Conditions in Portugal." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 299-330. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979.

   ■ The Economist (London). "On the Edge of Europe: A Survey of Portugal." (June 30, 1981): 3-27.

   ■. "Coming Home: A Survey of Portugal." (May 28, 1988).

   ■. 'The New Iberia: Not Quite Kissing Cousins" [Spain and Portugal]. (May 5, 1990): 21-24.

   ■ Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian and German Marshall Fund of the U.S., eds. II Conferência Internacional sobre e Economia Portuguesa, 2 vols. Lisbon, 1979.

   ■ Hudson, Mark. Portugal to 1993: Investing in a European Future. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit/Special Report No. 11 57/EIU Economic Prospects Series, 1989.

   ■ International Labour Office (ILO). Employment and Basic Needs in Portugal. Geneva: ILO, 1979.

   ■ Kavalsky, Basil, and Surendra Agarwal. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978.

   ■ Krugman, Paul, and Jorge Braga de Macedo. "The Economic Consequences of the April 25th Revolution." Economia III (1979): 455-83.

   ■ Lewis, John R., and Alan M. Williams. "The Sines Project: Portugal's Growth Centre or White Elephant?" Town Planning Review 56, 3 (1985): 339-66.

   ■ Makler, Harry M. "The Consequences of the Survival and Revival of the Industrial Bourgeoisie." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 251-83. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■ Marques, A. La Politique Economique Portugaise dans la Période de la Dictature ( 1926-1974). Doctoral thesis, 3rd cycle, University of Grenoble, France, 1980.

   ■ Martins, B. Sociedades e grupos em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Mata, Eugenia, and Nuno Valério. História Econômica De Portugal: Uma Perspectiva Global. Lisbon: Edit. Presença, 1994. Murteira, Mário. "The Present Economic Situation: Its Origins and Prospects." In L. S. Graham and H. M. Makler, eds., Contemporary Portugal, 331-42. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1979. OCED. Economic Survey: Portugal: 1988. Paris: OCED, 1988 [see also this series since 1978].

   ■ Pasquier, Albert. L'Economie du Portugal: Données et Problémes de Son Expansion. Paris: Librarie Generale de Droit, 1961. Pereira da Moura, Francisco. Para onde vai e economia portuguesa? Lisbon, 1973.

   ■ Pintado, V. Xavier. Structure and Growth of the Portuguese Economy. Geneva: EFTA, 1964.

   ■ Pitta e Cunha, Paulo. "Portugal and the European Economic Community." In L. S. Graham and D. L. Wheeler, eds., In Search of Modern Portugal, 321-38. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.

   ■. "The Portuguese Economic System and Accession to the European Community." In E. Sousa Ferreira and W. C. Opello, Jr., eds., Conflict and Change in Portugal, 1974-1984, 281-300. Lisbon, 1985. Porto, Manuel. "Portugal: Twenty Years of Change." In Alan Williams, ed., Southern Europe Transformed, 84-112. London: Harper & Row, 1984. Quarterly Economic Review. London: The Economist Intelligence Unit, 1974-present.

   ■ Salgado de Matos, Luís. Investimentos Estrangeiros em Portugal. Lisbon, 1973 and later eds.

   ■ Schmitt, Hans O. Economic Stabilisation and Growth in Portugal. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 1981.

   ■ Smith, Diana. Portugal and the Challenge of 1992. New York: Camões Center, RIIC, Columbia University, 1989.

   ■ Tillotson, John. The Portuguese Bank Note Case [ 1920s]: Legal, Economic and Financial Approaches to the Measure of Damages in Contract. Manchester, U.K.: Faculty of Law, University of Manchester, 1992.

   ■ Tovias, Alfred. Foreign Economic Relations of the Economic Community: The Impact of Spain and Portugal. Boulder, Colo.: Rienner, 1990.

   ■ Valério, Nuno. A moeda em Portugal, 1913-1947. Lisbon: Sá da Costa, 1984.

   ■. As Finanças Públicas Portuguesas Entre As Duas Guerras Mundiais. Lisbon: Cosmos, 1994.

   ■ World Bank. Portugal: Current and Prospective Economic Trends. Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1978 and to the present.

   ■ PHOTOGRAPHY ON PORTUGAL

   ■ Alves, Afonso Manuel, Antônio Sacchetti, and Moura Machado. Lisboa. Lisbon, 1991.

   ■ Antunes, José. Lisboa do nosso olhar; A look on Lisbon. Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1991. Beaton, Cecil. Near East. London: Batsford, 1943.

   ■. Lisboa 1942: Cecil Beaton, Lisbon 1942. Lisbon: British Historical Society of Portugal/Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, 1995.

   ■ Bottineau, Yves. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1957.

   ■ Câmara Municipal de Lisboa. 7 Olhares ( Seven Viewpoints). Lisbon: Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 1998.

   ■ Capital, A. Lisboa: Imagens d'A Capital. Lisbon: Edit. Notícias, 1984.

   ■ Dias, Marina Tavares. Photographias de Lisboa, 1900 ( Photographs of Lisbon, 1900). Lisbon: Quimera, 1991.

   ■. Os melhores postais antigos de Lisboa ( The best old postcards of Lisbon). Lisbon: Químera, 1995.

   ■ Finlayson, Graham, and Frank Tuohy. Portugal. London: Thames & Hudson, 1970.

   ■ Glassner, Helga. Portugal. Berlin-Zurich: Atlantis-Verlag, 1942. Hopkinson, Amanda, ed. Reflections by Ten Portuguese photographers. Bark-way, U.K.: Frontline/Portugal 600, 1996.

   ■ Lima, Luís Leiria, and Isabel Salema. Lisboa de Pedra e Bronze. Lisbon, 1990.

   ■ Martins, Miguel Gomes. Lisboa ribeirinha ( Riverside Lisbon). Lisbon: Arquivo Municipal, Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 1994. Vieira, Alice. Esta Lisboa ( This Lisbon). Lisbon: Caminho, 1994. Wohl, Hellmut, and Alice Wohl. Portugal. London: Frederick Muller, 1983.

   ■ EQUESTRIANISM

   ■ Andrade, Manoel Carlos de, Luz da Liberal e Nobre Arte da Cavallaria. Lisbon, 1790.

   ■ Graciosa, Filipe. Escola Portuguesa de Arte Equestre. Lisbon, 2004.

   ■ Horsetalk Magazine. Published in New Zealand.

   ■ Oliveira, Nuno. Reflections on the Equestrian Art. London, 2000.

   ■ Russell, Eleanor, ed. The Truth in the Teaching of Nuno Oliveira. Stanhope,

   ■ Queensland, Australia, 2003. Vilaca, Luis V., and Pedro Yglesias d'Oliveira, eds. LUSITANO. Coudelarias De Portugal. O Cavalo ancestral do Sudoeste da Europa. Lisbon: ICONOM, 2005.

   ■ Websites of interest: www.equestrian.pt portugalweb.com

Historical dictionary of Portugal > CULTURE, LITERATURE, AND LANGUAGE

54 privacy policy

E-com

the means by which an organization reassures customers that personal information they supply—usually over the Internet—will be securely protected, and used only for the stated purpose.

     Most customers are willing to give personal information if they know that it will benefit them. However, privacy is a major concern on the Internet, and needs to be addressed comprehensively. The use of customer information is legislated separately by individual countries, and collecting it and—in particular—moving it between countries can be very complicated, because different countries have different laws.

     However, a basic principle is for an organization to tell the individual clearly why it is collecting the information, and what that information will be used for. If the organization wishes to use the information for other purposes, such as sending out e-mails on special offers, or sharing with partners, the individual should be specifically informed of that intention, and given the opportunity to opt out.

     It is good policy for organizations to allow individuals to check the information held on them, and to delete information if they wish to do so. A proper security procedure is essential. Internet security breaches are increasing, and hackers are particularly interested in breaking into systems that contain personal information.

The ultimate business dictionary > privacy policy

55 по

автомат загрузки по скоростному напору
Q-feel system
автомат имитации усилий по числу М
Mach-feel system
автоматическое сопровождение по дальности
automatic range tracking
автоматическое флюгирование по отрицательной тяге
drag-actuated autofeathering
автоматическое флюгирование по предельным оборотам
overspeed-actuated autofeathering
автомат стабилизации автопилота по числу М
autopilot Mach lock
автомат устойчивости по тангажу
pitch autostabilizer
агент по грузовым перевозкам
cargo agent
агент по оформлению
handing agent
агент по оформлению туристических перевозок
travel agent
агент по продаже билетов
ticket medium
агентство по отправке грузов воздушным транспортом
air freight forwarder
Агентство по пропорциональным тарифам
Prorate Agency
анализатор с интегрированием по времени
time-integrating analyser
Африканская конференция по авиационным тарифам
African Air Tariff Conference
аэропортовый комитет по разработке и утверждению расписания
airport scheduling committee
балансировать по тангажу
trim in pitch
балансировка по тангажу
longitudinal trim
билет по основному тарифу
normal fare ticket
блок контроля скорости пробега по земле
ground run monitor
весовая отдача по полезной нагрузке
useful-to-takeoff load ratio
взлетать по ветру
takeoff downwind
взлет по вертолетному
no-run takeoff
взлет по ветру
downwind takeoff
взлет по приборам
instrument takeoff
взлет по самолетному
1. forward takeoff
2. running takeoff визуальная посадка по наземным ориентирам
visually judged landing
визуальный заход на посадку по упрощенной схеме
abbreviated visual approach
визуальный полет по кругу
visual circling
воздушная перевозка по найму
air operation for hire
воздушное судно, загруженное не по установленной схеме
improperly loaded aircraft
воздушное судно, не сертифицированное по шуму
nonnoise certificate aircraft
воздушное судно по обмену
interchanged aircraft
восстановление по крену
bank erection
восстановление по тангажу
pitch erection
ВПП, не оборудованная для посадки по приборам
noninstrument runway
ВПП, оборудованная для посадки по приборам
instrument runway
вращаться по инерции
run down
вращение по инерции
rundown
время вылета по расписанию
scheduled departure time
время наземной тренировки по приборам
instrument ground time
время налета по приборам
instrument flying time
время налета по приборам на тренажере
instrument flying simulated time
время полета по внешнему контуру
outbound time
время полета по маршруту
trip time
время по расписанию
due time
выдерживание курса по курсовому радиомаяку
localizer hold
выдерживать курс по компасу
hold the heading on the compass
выдерживать направление по лучу
follow the beam
выполнять доработку по бюллетеню
perform the service bulletin
выполнять полет по курсу
fly the heading
высота по давлению
pressure altitude
высота полета по маршруту
en-route altitude
высота по радиовысотомеру
radio height
Генеральная конференция по мерам и весам
General Conference of Weights and Measure
генеральный агент по продаже
general sales agent
годность по состоянию здоровья
medical fitness
годность по уровню шума
noiseworthiness
градус по шкале Цельсия
degree Celsius
группа, выполняющая полет по туру
tour group
дальность видимости по наклонной прямой
oblique visibility
дальность видимости по прямой
1. line-of-sight distance
2. line-of-sight range дальность полета по замкнутому маршруту
closed-circuit range
дальность полета по прямой
direct range
датчик рассогласования по крену
roll synchro transmitter
датчик усилий по крену
roll control force sensor
движение по земле
ground run
движение по тангажу
pitching motion
дежурный по посадке
boarding clerk
действия по аэродрому при объявлении тревоги
aerodrome alert measures
действия по обнаружению и уходу
see and avoid operations
действующий технологический стандарт по шуму
current noise technology standard
деятельность по координации тарифов
tariff coordinating activity
диспетчер по загрузке
load controller
диспетчер по загрузке и центровке
weight and balance controlled
диспетчер по планированию
planner
диспетчер по планированию полетов
flight planner
длина разбега по воде
water run length
дозаправлять топливом на промежуточной посадке по маршруту
refuel en-route
доставка грузов по воздуху
aerial cargo delivery
доставлять по воздуху
fly in
доступ, регламентированный по времени
time-ordered access
доход по контракту
contract revenue
Европейская конференция по вопросам гражданской авиации
European Civil Aviation Conference
загрузочный механизм по скоростному напору
Q-feel mechanism
загрузочный механизм по числу М
Mach-feel mechanism
закрылок по всему размаху
full-span flap
занимать эшелон по нулям
be on the level on the hour
запас по оборотам несущего винта
rotor speed margin
запас по помпажу
surging margin
запас по сваливанию
stall margin
запас по ускорению
acceleration margin
заход на посадку, нормированный по времени
timed approach
заход на посадку по командам наземных станций
advisory approach
заход на посадку по коробочке
rectangular traffic pattern approach
заход на посадку по криволинейной траектории
curved approach
заход на посадку по кругу
circling approach
заход на посадку по крутой траектории
steep approach
заход на посадку по курсовому маяку
localizer approach
заход на посадку по маяку
beam approach
заход на посадку по обзорному радиолокатору
surveillance radar approach
заход на посадку по обычной схеме
normal approach
заход на посадку по осевой линии
center line approach
заход на посадку по полной схеме
long approach
заход на посадку по пологой траектории
flat approach
заход на посадку по приборам
1. instrument approach landing
2. instrument landing approach заход на посадку по прямому курсу
front course approach
заход на посадку по радиолокатору
radar approach
заход на посадку по сегментно-криволинейной схеме
segmented approach
заход на посадку после полета по кругу
circle-to-land
заход на посадку по укороченной схеме
short approach
заход на посадку по упрощенной схеме
simple approach
заход на посадку с прямой по приборам
straight-in ILS-type approach
звездное время по гринвичскому меридиану
Greenwich sideral time
зона захода на посадку по кругу
circling approach area
зона обзора по азимуту
azimuth coverage
изменение маршрута по желанию пассажира
voluntary rerouting
имитируемый полет по приборам
simulated instrument flight
инженер по навигационным средствам
navaids engineer
инженер по радиоэлектронному оборудованию
radio engineer
инженер по техническому обслуживанию воздушных судов
aircraft maintenance engineer
инженер по электронному оборудованию
electronics engineer
инспектор по летной годности
airworthiness inspector
инспектор по производству полетов
operations inspector
инспекция по расследованию авиационных происшествий
investigating authority
инструктаж по условиям полета по маршруту
route briefing
инструктор по навигационным средствам
navaids instructor
инструктор по производству полетов
flight operations instructor
инструкция по загрузке воздушного судна
aircraft loading instruction
инструкция по консервации и хранению воздушного судна
aircraft storage instruction
инструкция по обеспечению безопасности полетов
air safety rules
инструкция по производству полетов
operation instruction
инструкция по техническому обслуживанию
maintenance instruction
инструкция по эксплуатации воздушного судна
aircraft operating instruction
информация по воздушной трассе
airway information
информация по условиям посадки
landing instruction
испытание по уходу на второй круг
go-around test
испытания по замеру нагрузки в полете
flight stress measurement tests
испытания по полной программе
full-scale tests
Исследовательская группа по безопасности полетов
Aviation Security Study Group
истинное время по Гринвичу
Greenwich apparent time
исходные условия сертификации по шуму
noise certification reference conditions
калибровка чувствительности по звуковому давлению
sound pressure sensitivity calibration
категория ИКАО по обеспечению полета
facility performance ICAO category
классификация воздушных судов по типам
aircraft category rating
кодирование по опорному времени
time reference coding
Комиссия по авиационной метеорологии
Commission for aeronautical Meteorology
Комиссия по нарушению тарифов
Breachers Commission
Комиссия по основным системам
Commission for basic Systems
Комитет по авиационному шуму
Committee on Aircraft Noise
Комитет по безопасности полетов
Safety Investigation Board
Комитет по воздушным перевозкам
1. Air Transport Committee
2. Air Transportation Board Комитет по исследованиям звуковых ударов
Sonic Boom Committee
Комитет по координации частот
Frequency Coordinating Body
Комитет по незаконному вмешательству
Committee on Unlawful Interference
Комитет по охране окружающей среды от воздействия авиации
Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection
Комитет по поощрительным тарифам
Creative Fares Board
Комитет по рассмотрению авиационных вопросов
Aviation Review Committee
Комитет по расходам
Cost Committee
Комитет по специальным грузовым тарифам
Specific Commodity Rates Board
коммерческая загрузка, ограниченная по массе
weight limited payload
коммерческая загрузка, ограниченная по объему
space limited payload
компрессор по помпажу
compressor surge margin
конвенция по вопросам деятельности международной гражданской авиации
convention on international civil aviation
конвенция по управлению воздушным движением
air traffic convention
консультант по вопросам обучения
training consultant
консультант по тренажерам
trainers consultant
Консультативная группа по метеообеспечению
Meteorological Advisory Group
консультативное сообщение по устранению конфликтной ситуации
resolution advisory
Консультативный комитет по управлению воздушным движением
Air Traffic Control Advisory Committee
Консультативный комитет по упрощению формальностей
Facilitation Advisory Committee
контролируемое воздушное пространство предназначенное для полетов по приборам
instrument restricted airspace
контроль состояния посевов по пути выполнения основного задания
associated crop control operation
Конференция агентства по грузовым перевозкам
Cargo Agency Conference
Конференция агентств по пассажирским перевозкам
Passenger Agency Conference
Конференция по валютным вопросам
Currency Conference
Конференция по вопросам обслуживания пассажиров
Passenger Services Conference
Конференция по координации тарифов
Tariff Co-ordinating Conference
координационный центр по спасанию
rescue coordination center
коррекция траектории по полученной информации
reply-to-track correlation
кресло, расположенное по направлению полета
forward facing seat
курс захода на посадку по приборам
instrument approach course
курс подготовки по утвержденной программе
approved training course
курс по локсодромии
rhumb-line course
курс по маяку
beacon course
курс по радиомаяку
localizer course
курсы подготовки пилотов к полетам по приборам
instrument pilot school
летать по ветру
fly downwind
летать по глиссадному лучу
fly the glide-slope beam
летать по кругу
1. circularize
2. fly round 3. fly the circle летать по кругу над аэродромом
circle the aerodrome
летать по курсу
1. fly on the heading
2. fly on the course летать по локсодромии
fly the rhumb line
летать по маршруту
fly en-route
летать по ортодромии
fly the great circle
летать по приборам
1. fly on instruments
2. fly by instruments летать по приборам в процессе тренировок
fly under screen
летать по прямой
fly straight
лететь по лучу
fly the beam
летная полоса, оборудованная для полетов по приборам
instrument strip
линия полета по курсу
on-course line
линия пути по локсодромии
rhumb-line track
линия пути по схеме с двумя спаренными разворотами
race track
Международная комиссия по аэронавигации
International commission for Air Navigation
Международная комиссия по освещению
Commission on Illumination
международное сотрудничество по вопросам летной годности
international collaboration in airworthiness
меры по обеспечению безопасности
safety control measures
меры по предупреждению пожара
fire precautions
меры по снижению шума
noise abatement measures
метеоданные по аэродрому
aerodrome forecast material
метеосводка по трассе полета
airway climatic data
методика сертификации по шуму
noise certification procedure
метод продажи по наличию свободных мест
space available policy
механизм триммерного эффекта по тангажу
pitch trim actuator
механизм усилий по скоростному напору
Q-feel unit
минимальная высота полета по кругу
minimum circling procedure height
минимальная высота по маршруту
minimum en-route altitude
минимум для полетов по кругу
circling minima
набирать высоту при полете по курсу
climb on the course
набор высоты по крутой траектории
steep climb
набор высоты по установившейся схеме
proper climb
наведение по азимуту
azimuth guidance
наведение по азимуту при заходе на посадку
approach azimuth guidance
наведение по глиссаде
glide-slope guidance
наведение по глиссаде при заходе на посадку
approach slope guidance
наведение по клиренсу
clearance guidance
наведение по лучу
1. beam homing
2. beam follow guidance 3. beam riding наведение по лучу радиолокационной станции
radar beam riding
наведение по отраженному лучу
back beam track guidance
наведение по углу
angle guidance
навигация по визуальным ориентирам
contact navigation
навигация по заданным путевым углам
angle navigation
навигация по линии равных азимутов
constant-bearing navigation
навигация по наземным ориентирам
1. landmark navigation
2. terrestrial navigation 3. ground reference navigation навигация по ортодромии
waypoint navigation
навигация по условным координатам
grid navigation
наставление по управлению воздушным движением
air traffic guide
не по курсу
off-course
неустойчивость по крену
roll instability
неустойчивость по тангажу
pitch instability
облако, напоминающее по виду наковальню
anvil cloud
обобщенные характеристики по шуму
generalized noise characteristics
оборудование для полетов по приборам
blind flight equipment
обслуживание по смешанному классу
mixed service
обслуживание по туристическому классу
1. economy class service
2. coach service 3. no frills service обтекать по потоку
streamwise
обтекать хорду по потоку
stream-wise chord
Объединенная конференция по грузовым тарифам
Composite cargo Traffic Conference
Объединенная конференция по координации грузовым перевозкам
Composite cargo Tariff Coordinating Conference
Объединенная конференция по координации пассажирских тарифов
Composite Passenger Tariff Co-ordinating Conference
Объединенная конференция по пассажирским перевозкам
Composite Passenger Conference
огни по требованию
lights on request
ограничение по боковому ветру
cross-wind limit
ограничение по времени
time limit
ограничение по массе
weight limitation
ограничение по скорости полета
air-speed limitation
ограничения по загрузке
loading restrictions
ограничения по летной годности
airworthiness limitations
ограничивать по состоянию здоровья
decrease in medical fitness
операции по подготовке рейса к вылету
departure operations
операции по спасению
rescue operations
операция по рассеиванию тумана
fog dispersal operation
операция по спасению
rescue mission
опережение по фазе
phase advance
определение местонахождения воздушного судна по звездам
astrofix
определение местоположения по наземным ориентирам
visual ground fixing
определение местоположения по пеленгу одной станции
one-station fixing
определение местоположения по пройденному пути и курсу
range-bearing fixing
ориентировка ВПП по магнитному меридиану
magnetic orientation of runway
ориентировка по радиомаяку
radio-range orientation
остановка по расписанию
sheduled stopping
Отдел по соблюдению тарифов
Compliance Department
отклонение по дальности
range deviation
отклонение по крену
bank displacement
отставание по времени
time lag
отставание по фазе
phase lag
ошибка по дальности
range error
параметр потока, критический по шуму
noise-critical flow parameter
пассажир по полному тарифу
adult
пеленг по гироприбору
gyro bearing
перевозка грузов по воздуху
air freight lift
перевозка пассажиров по контракту
contract tour
перевозка по специальному тарифу
unit toll transportation
перевозки по тарифу туристического класса
coach traffic
персонал по обеспечению полетов
flight operations personnel
персонал по оформлению билетов
ticketing personnel
пикирование по спирали
spiral dive
пилотировать по приборам
pilot by reference to instruments
планирование воздушного судна по спирали
aircraft spiral glide
план полета по приборам
instrument flight plan
по азимуту
in azimuth
поверхность управления по всему размаху
full-span control surface
(напр. крыла) по ветру
downwind
по всему размаху
tip
погода по метеосводке
reported weather
погрешность отсчета по углу места
elevation error
подводить по трубопроводу
deliver by pipe
подготовка для полетов по приборам
instrument flight training
подготовка по утвержденной программе
approved training
по запросу
1. on-request
2. on request полет по дополнительному маршруту
extra section flight
полет по заданной траектории
desired path flight
полет по заданному маршруту
desired track flight
полет по замкнутому кругу
closed-circuit flight
полет по замкнутому маршруту
round-trip
полет по индикации на стекле
head-up flight
полет по инерции
1. coasting flight
2. coast полет по коробочке
box-pattern flight
полет по круговому маршруту
1. round-trip flight
2. circling полет по кругу
circuit-circling
полет по кругу в районе аэродрома
aerodrome traffic circuit operation
полет по кругу над аэродромом
1. aerodrome circling
2. aerodrome circuit-circling полет по курсу
flight on heading
полет по локсодромии
rhumb-line flight
полет по маршруту
1. en-route operation
2. en-route flight полет по маякам ВОР
VOR course flight
полет по наземным ориентирам
visual navigation flight
полет по наземным ориентирам или по командам наземных станций
reference flight
полет по полному маршруту
entire flight
полет по приборам
1. instrument flight rules operation
2. instrument flight 3. blind flight 4. head-down flight полет по приборам, обязательный для данной зоны
compulsory IFR flight
полет по размеченному маршруту
point-to-point flight
полет по расписанию
1. scheduled flight
2. regular flight полет по сигналам с земли
directed reference flight
полет по условным меридианам
grid flight
полет по установленным правилам
flight under the rules
полеты по воздушным трассам
airways flying
полеты по изобаре
pressure flying
полеты по контрольным точкам
fix-to-fix flying
полеты по кругу
circuit flying
полеты по наземным естественным ориентирам
terrain fly
полеты по низким метеоминимумам
low weather operations
полеты по обратному лучу
back beam flying
полеты по ортодромии
great-circle flying
полеты по прямому лучу
front beam flying
полеты по радиолучу
radio-beam fly
положение, определенное по радиолокатору
radar track position
положение по направлению трассы
along-track position
положение по тангажу
pitch attitude
по оси воздушного судна
on aircraft center line
по полету
looking forward
по размаху
spanwise
порядок действий по тревоге на аэродроме
aerodrome alerting procedure
посадка по вертолетному типу
helicopter-type landing
посадка по ветру
downwind landing
посадка по командам с земли
1. ground-controlled landing
2. talk-down landing посадка по приборам
1. instrument landing
2. blind landing посадка по техническим причинам
technical stop
Постоянный комитет по летно-техническим характеристикам
Standing Committee of Performance
по часовой стрелке
clockwise
правила полета по кругу
circuit rules
правила полетов по приборам
instrument flight rules
превышение по высоте
gain in altitude
предварительные меры по обеспечению безопасности полетов
advance arrangements
предкрылок по всему размаху
full-span slat
(крыла) предоставляется по запросу
available on request
предполетный инструктаж по метеообстановке
flight weather briefing
предпочтительная по уровню шума ВПП
noise preferential runway
предпочтительный по уровню шума маршрут
noise preferential route
предупреждение по аэродрому
aerodrome warning
преобразователь сигнала по тангажу
pitch transformer
пробегать по полному маршруту
cover the route
проведение работ по снижению высоты препятствий для полетов
obstacle clearing
проверка прилегания по краске
transferred marking
прогноз по авиатрассе
airway forecast
прогноз по аэродрому
aerodrome forecast
прогноз по высоте
height forecast
прогноз по маршруту
air route forecast
прогноз по региону
regional forecast
программа сертификации по шуму
noise certification scheme
продажа билетов по принципу наличия свободных мест
space available basis
продолжительность по запасу топлива
fuel endurance
прокладка маршрута по угловым координатам
angle tracking
пропускная способность по числу посадок
landing capacity
противопожарное патрулирование по пути выполнения основного задания
associated fire control operation
пульт управления по радио
radio control board
работы по техническому обслуживанию
maintenance operations
Рабочая группа по разработке основных эксплуатационных требований
Basic Operational Requirements Group
развертка по дальности
range scanning
разворачивать по ветру
turn downwind
разворот по приборам
instrument turn
разворот по стандартной схеме
standard rate turn
разворот по установленной схеме
procedure turn
разница в тарифах по классам
class differential
разрешающая способность по дальности
range resolution
разрешение в процессе полета по маршруту
en-route clearance
разрешение на полет по приборам
instrument clearance
распределение давления по крылу
wing pressure plotting
распределение по размаху крыла
spanwise distribution
распределение по хорде
chordwise distribution
распределение расходов по маршрутам
cost allocation to routes
расстояние по ортодромии
great-circle distance
реакция по крену
roll response
регламентирование по времени
timing
регулировать по высоте
adjust for height
режим работы автопилота по заданному курсу
autopilot heading mode
рейс с обслуживанием по первому классу
first-class flight
рекомендации по обеспечению безопасности полетов
safety recommendations
рекомендации по стандартам, практике и правилам
recommendations for standards, practices and procedures
руководство по обеспечению безопасности
safety regulations
руководство по полетам воздушных судов гражданской авиации
civil air regulations
руководство по предупреждению столкновений над морем
regulations for preventing collisions over sea
руководство по производству полетов в зоне аэродрома
aerodrome rules
руководство по технической эксплуатации воздушного судна
aircraft maintenance guide
руководство по управлению полетами
flight control fundamentals
руководство по упрощению формальностей
guide to facilitation
руление по аэродрому
ground taxi operation
руление по воздуху
air taxiing
руление по воздуху к месту взлета
aerial taxiing to takeoff
рыскание по курсу
hunting
сбор за услуги по оценке
valuation charge
сводка по аэродрому
aerodrome report
сводка погоды по данным радиолокационного наблюдения
radar weather report
связь по запросу с борта
air-initiated communication
связь по обеспечению регулярности полетов
flight regularity communication
сдвиг по фазе
phase shift
сектор наведения по клиренсу
clearance guidance sector
Секция расчетов по вопросам технической помощи
Technical Assistance Accounts section
(ИКАО) Секция расчетов по регулярной программе
Regular Programme Accounts section
(ИКАО) сертификат воздушного судна по шуму
aircraft noise certificate
сертификационный стандарт по шуму
noise certification standard
сертификация по шуму на взлетном режиме
take-off noise
сигнал полета по курсу
on-course signal
сигнал синхронизации по времени
synchronized time signal
система балансировки по числу М
Mach trim system
система блокировки управления по положению реверса
thrust reverser interlock system
система наведения по лучу
1. beam-rider system
2. guide beam system система наведения по приборам
instrument guidance system
система наведения по сканирующему лучу
scanning beam guidance system
система наведения по углу
angle guidance system
система навигации по наземным ориентирам
ground-referenced navigation system
система посадки по лучу маяка
beam approach beacon system
система посадки по приборам
instrument landing system
система сборов по фактической массе
weight system
(багажа или груза) скольжение по воде
equaplaning
скорость набора высоты при полете по маршруту
en-route climb speed
скорость по тангажу
rate of pitch
следовать по заданному курсу
pursue
служба обеспечения прогнозами по маршруту
route forecast service
служба по изучению рынка
marketing service
(воздушных перевозок) снижение по спирали
spiral descent
снос определенный по радиолокатору
radar drift
советник по авиационным вопросам
aviation adviser
советник по вопросам гражданской авиации
civil aviation adviser
советник по проектированию и строительству аэродромов
aerodrome engineering instructor
Совет по авиационным спутникам
Aeronautical Satellite Council
Совместный комитет по специальным грузовым тарифам
Joint service Commodity Rates Board
соглашение по вопросам летной годности
arrangement for airworthiness
соглашение по пассажирским и грузовым тарифам
fares and rates agreement
соглашение по прямому транзиту
direct transit agreement
соглашение по тарифам
tariff agreement
состояние готовности аэродрома по тревоге
aerodrome alert status
(состояние готовности служб аэродрома по тревоге) специализированный отдел по расследованию происшествий
accident investigation division
специалист по ремонту
repairman
специалист по ремонту воздушных судов
aircraft repairman
специалист по сборке
rigger
справочник по аэродромам
aerodrome directory
справочник по аэропортам
airport directory
средства обеспечения полетов по приборам
nonvisual aids
стандартная система управления заходом на посадку по лучу
standard beam approach system
стандартная схема вылета по приборам
standard instrument departure
стандартная схема посадки по приборам
standard instrument arrival
стандарт по шуму для дозвуковых самолетов
subsonic noise standard
степень помех по отношению к несущей частоте
carrier-to-noise ratio
строить по лицензии
construct under license
схема визуального полета по кругу
visual circling procedure
схема захода на посадку по командам с земли
ground-controlled approach procedure
схема захода на посадку по коробочке
rectangular approach traffic pattern
схема захода на посадку по приборам
1. instrument approach chart
2. instrument approach procedure схема полета по кругу
1. circuit pattern
2. circling procedure схема полета по маршруту
en-route procedure
схема полета по приборам
instrument flight procedure
схема полета по приборам в зоне ожидания
instrument holding procedure
схема полетов по кругу
traffic circuit
схема руления по аэродрому
aerodrome taxi circuit
тарировка по времени
time calibration
тарировка по дальности
range calibration
тарировка по числу М
Mach number calibration
тариф на полет по замкнутому кругу
round trip fare
тариф по контракту
contract rate
тариф по незамкнутому круговому маршруту
open-jaw fare
температура по шкале Цельсия
Celsius temperature
точность ориентировки по точечному ориентиру
pinpoint accuracy
траектория взлета, сертифицированная по шуму
noise certification takeoff flight path
траектория захода на посадку по азимуту
azimuth approach path
траектория захода на посадку по лучу курсового маяка
localizer approach track
траектория захода на посадку, сертифицированная по шуму
noise certification approach path
траектория полета по маршруту
en-route flight path
траектория полетов по низким минимумам погоды
low weather minima path
транспортировка по воздуху
shipment by air
трансформатор сигнала по крену
roll transformer
трансформатор сигнала по курсу
yaw transformer
трафарет с инструкцией по применению
instruction plate
требования по метеоусловиям
meteorological requirements
требования по ограничению высоты препятствий
obstacle limitation requirements
требования по снижению шума
noise reduction requirements
тренажер для подготовки к полетам по приборам
instrument flight trainer
тяга, регулируемая по величине и направлению
vectored thrust
угол рассогласования по крену
bank synchro error angle
удостоверение на право полета по авиалинии
airline certificate
удостоверение на право полета по приборам
instrument certificate
указания по выполнению руления
taxi instruction
указания по порядку ожидания
holding instruction
указания по управлению воздушным движением
air-traffic control instruction
указания по условиям эксплуатации в полете
inflight operational instructions
указатель отклонения от курса по радиомаяку
localizer deviation pointer
уполномоченный по расследованию
investigator-in-charge
управление по крену
1. roll guidance
2. roll control управление по угловому отклонению
angular position control
управление по углу рыскания
yaw control
управляемый по радио
radio-controlled
условия по заданному маршруту
conditions on the route
условия, по сложности превосходящие квалификацию пилота
conditions beyond the experience
условия сертификационных испытаний по шуму
noise certification test conditions
устанавливать воздушное судно по оси
align the aircraft with the center line
устанавливать воздушное судно по оси ВПП
align the aircraft with the runway
установленная схема вылета по приборам
standard instrument departure chart
установленная схема полета по кругу
fixed circuit
установленная схема ухода на второй круг по приборам
instrument missed procedure
устойчивость по крену
1. rolling stability
2. lateral stability устойчивость по скорости
speed stability
устойчивость по тангажу
1. pitching stability
2. pitch stability устойчивость по углу атаки
angle-of-attack stability
уточнение плана полета по сведениям, полученным в полете
inflight operational planning
уходить на второй круг по заданной схеме
take a missed-approach procedure
уход платформы по курсу
platform drift in azimuth
фирма по производству воздушных судов
aircraft company
флюгирование по отрицательному крутящему моменту
negative torque feathering
характеристика набора высоты при полете по маршруту
en-route climb performance
характеристика по наддуву
manifold pressure characteristic
характеристики наведения по линии пути
track-defining characteristics
характеристики по шуму
noise characteristics
чартерный рейс по заказу отдельной организации
single-entity charter
чартерный рейс по незамкнутому маршруту
open-jaw charter
чартерный рейс по объявленной программе
programmed charter
чартерный рейс по установленному маршруту
on-route charter
чувствительность к отклонению по сигналам курсового маяка
lokalizer displacement sensitivity
чувствительность по давлению
pressure sensitivity
чувствительность по курсу
course sensitivity
шкала корректировки по тангажу
pitch trim scale
шкала отклонения от курса по радиомаяку
localizer deviation scale
школа подготовки специалистов по управлению воздушным движением
air traffic school
экзамен по летной подготовке
flight examination
экспедитор по отправке грузов
freight consolidator
эксперт по вопросам ведения документации
procedures document expert
эксперт по контролю за качеством
quality control expert
эксперт по летной годности
airworthiness expert
эксперт по обслуживанию воздушного движения
air traffic services expert
эксперт по обучению пилотов
pilot training expert
эксперт по производству налетов
flight operations expert
эксперт по радиолокаторам
radar expert
эксперт по техническому обслуживанию
maintenance expert
этап полета по маршруту
en-route flight phase
эшелонирование по курсу
track separation
эшелонирование по усмотрению пилота
own separation
эшелонировать по высоте
stack up

Русско-английский авиационный словарь > по

56 видеосигнал

1) Military: video-frequency signal

2) Engineering: baseband signal, video, video output, video signal, vision signal, videosignal

3) Oil: base band signal, basic signal

4) Security: video (формирующая или воспроизводящая изображения)

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > видеосигнал

57 гарантии выплаты основной пенсии

Sociology: basic pension security

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > гарантии выплаты основной пенсии

58 гарантии основного источника средств к существованию

Sociology: basic subsistence security

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > гарантии основного источника средств к существованию

59 защита основного дохода

Sociology: basic income security

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > защита основного дохода

60 мера наказания

1) Law: legal penalty, measure of punishment

2) leg.N.P. punitive measure (дополнительная основная) supplementary and basic

3) Makarov: sentence

4) Security: (судебный) sentence

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > мера наказания

Страницы

← Предыдущая

Следующая →

1

2

3

4

См. также в других словарях:

Security testing — Security Testing: (The) Process to determine that an IS (Information System) protects data and maintains functionality as intended.The six basic security concepts that need to be covered by security testing are: confidentiality, integrity,… … Wikipedia

Security kernel — In telecommunication, the term security kernel has the following meanings: #In computer and communications security, the central part of a computer or communications system hardware, firmware, and software that implements the basic security… … Wikipedia

Basic Pilot Program — Basic Pilot was the official name of this program for the first ten years of its existence beginning in November 1997. The program s official name has since been changed to e verify but much of the press and public still continues using the… … Wikipedia

Security guard — Private factory guard Occupation Activity sectors Security Description A security guard (or security officer) is a person who is paid to protect pro … Wikipedia

Basic Analysis And Security Engine — est une interface web permettant la gestion des alertes générées par l IDS Snort. Elle permet le classement des alertes en groupe, l affichage de diagrammes et la recherche des alertes selon différents critères. BASE est un programme sous licence … Wikipédia en Français

Basic analysis and security engine — est une interface web permettant la gestion des alertes générées par l IDS Snort. Elle permet le classement des alertes en groupe, l affichage de diagrammes et la recherche des alertes selon différents critères. BASE est un programme sous licence … Wikipédia en Français

Basic Access Control — (BAC) is a mechanism specified to ensure only authorized parties can wirelessly read personal information from passports with an RFID chip. It uses data such as the passport number, date of birth and expiration date to negotiate a session key.… … Wikipedia

Security engineering — is a specialized field of engineering that focuses on the security aspects in the design of systems that need to be able to deal robustly with possible sources of disruption, ranging from natural disasters to malicious acts. It is similar to… … Wikipedia

Security sector reform — (SSR) is a concept to reform or rebuild a state s security sector that emerged first in the 1990s in Eastern Europe. It starts where a dysfunctional security sector is unable to provide security to the state and its people effectively and under… … Wikipedia

Basic Analysis and Security Engine — est une interface web permettant la gestion des alertes générées par l IDS Snort. Elle permet le classement des alertes en groupe, l affichage de diagrammes et la recherche des alertes selon différents critères. BASE est un programme sous licence … Wikipédia en Français

Security Assertion Markup Language — (SAML) is an XML based standard for exchanging authentication and authorization data between security domains, that is, between an identity provider (a producer of assertions) and a service provider (a consumer of assertions). SAML is a product… … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на английский

basic security

Тематики

EN

DE

FR

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: со всех языков на английский

basic security

Тематики

EN

DE

FR

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

Прямая ссылка: